pasttime,pastime是什么意思,pastime中文翻譯,pastime發(fā)音、用法及例句
?pastime
pastime發(fā)音
英:[?pɑ:sta?m] 美:[?p?sta?m]
英: 美:
pastime中文意思翻譯
n. 消遣, 娛樂(lè )
pastime詞形變化
異體字: pastil |
pastime常見(jiàn)例句
1 、To relieve the strain she turned to painting, a pastime she has loved since childhood.───為了緩解壓力,她開(kāi)始畫(huà)畫(huà),這是她自小就喜歡的業(yè)余愛(ài)好。
2 、It has been called the national pastime The game is played in the evening nearly everyday of the week and on weekends as well.───一向被稱(chēng)之為全國性的娛樂(lè )運動(dòng)。這項運動(dòng)幾乎每個(gè)晚上和周末都進(jìn)行。
3 、Ice hockey is a national pastime and skiing, snowboarding, dog sledding, and ice skating are common.───冰上曲棍球是一項全國性的娛樂(lè )活動(dòng)?;?,滑板滑雪,狗拉雪橇以及滑冰都是常見(jiàn)的娛樂(lè )項目。
4 、Sand skiing is a wonderful pastime if you are ready for a fast speed ride.───如果你準備快速騎行的話(huà),滑沙是項不錯的運動(dòng)。
5 、At home, pub or other place to meet and talk is the national pastime of the usual way.───在家里、酒館或其它地方相聚和交談乃是國民慣常的消遣方式。
6 、Listening to music is the favorite pastime of many people allover the world.───聽(tīng)音樂(lè )是世界許多人最喜愛(ài)的消遣。
7 、In fact cartoons and comics are also for grown-ups, people need this kind of relaxing and happy pastime.───其實(shí),卡通片﹑卡通畫(huà)也是給成年人看的,人人都需要有這種讓人輕松,高興的消遣。
8 、Linda: Listening to music is my favorite pastime.───聽(tīng)音樂(lè )是我最喜愛(ài)的娛樂(lè )。
9 、If this word becomes shuttle,a time always is previously a kind of pastime of oppose time, but one kind already is become to plaint when rising besides today.───以前總是把光陰如梭這句話(huà)當作對時(shí)間的一種消遣,但是今天再說(shuō)起來(lái)時(shí)已成為一種感嘆。
10 、His current esearch involves the kinky pastime known as sploshing-the eoic act of dumping a plate of food on your loved one.───他目前研究的對象包括一種稍微變態(tài)的娛樂(lè )叫做潑灑-這種煽情行為是把一盤(pán)食物倒到愛(ài)人身上。
11 、Defining and analyzing humor is a pastime of humorless people.───定義和分析什么是幽默是缺乏幽默感者的游戲。
12 、Listening to music is the favorite pastime of many people.───聽(tīng)音樂(lè )是許多人最喜歡的消遣。
13 、Playing chess is my favorite pastime.───下象棋是我最喜愛(ài)的消遣。
14 、Chatting with friends over the Internet in the dead of night is probably my only pastime.───夜深人靜時(shí)以文字和網(wǎng)友打情罵俏。
15 、Arguing over the merits of different generals is a favorite pastime of many military bu, ffs.───爭吵將軍們功勛差異,是眾多軍事迷最?lèi)?ài)之消遣。
16 、If fishing, shooting, riding, and the very English pastime of badger spotting is more your thing, you will enjoy a stay at the 18th-century Arundell Arms Hotel in Lifton.───如果你喜歡釣魚(yú)、射擊、騎馬和很具英國特色的消遣--觀(guān)獾的話(huà),那么你就會(huì )喜歡呆在利夫頓的18世紀的阿倫德?tīng)柊⒛匪癸埖辍?/p>
17 、Those that I have in mind in beginning to unfold this simple history offered an admirable setting to an innocent pastime.───在我為這簡(jiǎn)單的故事揭開(kāi)第一頁(yè)的時(shí)候,我心頭想到的那些情景,就為無(wú)傷大雅的消閑提供了一幅絕妙的背景。
18 、So it could only have meant one of two things--Neil had at last found himself an indoor pastime, albeit a strange one, or else there was another woman.───因此,事情只能是這兩者之一:要么是尼爾又找到一項新的室內娛樂(lè )活動(dòng),盡管這項活動(dòng)有點(diǎn)奇特; 要么是出現了另一個(gè)女人。
19 、Unlike you, most people enjoy a pastime that takes them out of their head.─── 不像你 大部分人喜歡可以讓他們擺脫思考的消遣
20 、Oh, returning to your favorite pastime of interfering in my work.─── 又來(lái)拿打擾我工作當消遣了是吧
21 、What's your favourite pastime?───你最喜歡的業(yè)余活動(dòng)是什么?
22 、The strain she turned to painting, a pastime she has loved since childhood.───為了緩解壓力,她開(kāi)始畫(huà)畫(huà),這是她自小就喜歡的業(yè)余愛(ài)好。
23 、It may seem like a pastime for only a certain kind of person, but in all actuality, anyone and everyone can and should travel.───它對某種人來(lái)說(shuō)也許是一種消遣,但事實(shí)上,任何人和每個(gè)人都可以并應當去旅行。
24 、Some China nationals who have long resided and worked here feel "lonely", partly for lack of friends' company -- they say -- and partly because not much cultural pastime is available.───幾位長(cháng)期在這里工作的中國人都有"孤獨"的感覺(jué),他們說(shuō),這種孤獨表面上是缺乏朋友之間的交流,實(shí)際上折射了這里文化生活的寂寞。
25 、Such form of pastime seems to prove him sincere.───從那種娛樂(lè )的形式看來(lái),好象可以證明他的不忠實(shí)。
26 、Those at best can only be enjoyable pastimes.─── 那些充其量只是讓人愉快的消遣
27 、More than anything they delighted in riddles, and these pleased the countrymen, whose minds were stored with old quips and jests, for this happened in days when there were few books, and riddle-telling was the winter' s pastime.───他們最喜歡的事是猜謎語(yǔ)。 鄉下人都愛(ài)猜謎語(yǔ),因為在那個(gè)年代里不太有書(shū)本可讀,所以在冬天就以講謎語(yǔ)來(lái)消磨時(shí)光。 四兄弟腦袋里裝滿(mǎn)了俏皮話(huà)和笑話(huà)。
28 、Paul:What is your favorite pastime?───你最喜歡的消遣是什么?
29 、Gathering around a fiery chili hotpot with friends has become a popular pastime.───一群朋友圍坐吃鍋辣呼呼的麻辣火鍋,是流行的休閒方式之一。
30 、The foundation of which was built upon our favorite pastime.─── 我們所有最?lèi)?ài)娛樂(lè )活動(dòng)的基石
31 、Listening to music is the favorite pastime of many people all over the world.───聽(tīng)音樂(lè )是全世界許多人最喜愛(ài)的消遣。
32 、Flying a kite in Pakistan is a dangerous pastime.───在巴基斯坦,放風(fēng)箏是項危險的娛樂(lè )活動(dòng)。
33 、Where does the Supreme Personality of Godhead manifest His supremely wonderful pastime form?───在哪里至尊人格首神展示他那崇高而又奇妙的娛樂(lè )活動(dòng)的形體呢?
34 、Yet it always has suffered from a social stigma -- the dark suspicion that it was a pastime for pimply faced misfits who couldnt run with the jocks or get dates on Friday nights.───”周華健還透露,其實(shí)羅大佑(聽(tīng)歌)在金曲獎的頒獎典禮上念錯他們的名字是有意而為之,就是希望他們能把自己的音樂(lè )道路堅持下去。
35 、She is not a profession drawer,drawing is for her pastime.───她不是職業(yè)畫(huà)家,她畫(huà)畫(huà)只是為了消遣。
36 、Their pastime is going to movies.───他們的消遣是看**。
37 、It has been called the national pastime The game is played in the evening nearly everyday of the week and on weekends as well.───一向被稱(chēng)之為全國性的娛樂(lè )運動(dòng)。 這項運動(dòng)幾乎每個(gè)晚上和周末都進(jìn)行。
38 、His favorite pastime is tinkering with old radios.───他最喜歡的消遣就是整修老舊的收音機。
39 、The function of the entertainment news lies in offering amusement and pastime, therefore, it appears and get off the distinct culture consumer goods characteristic.───娛樂(lè )新聞的功用在于提供娛樂(lè )和消遣,因而呈現出鮮明的文化消費品特征。
40 、Cartoons are by no means pastime for children only.───卡通片決不只是兒童的娛樂(lè )。
41 、Rolling on earthworms or dead bugs, for example, is a popular dachshund pastime.───在蚯蚓或者死的臭蟲(chóng)打滾是臘腸很喜歡的消遣方式。
42 、What started out as a family pastime quickly became her passion, as participation in church and school choirs fueled her love for the stage.───一開(kāi)始作為一個(gè)家庭的消遣很快成了她的熱情,參與在教會(huì )及學(xué)校合唱團,刺激了她熱愛(ài)的階段。;"1
43 、So it could only have meant one of two things--Neil had at last found himself an indoor pastime, albeit a strange one.───因此,事情只能是這兩者之一:要么是尼爾又找到一項新的室內娛樂(lè )活動(dòng),盡管這項活動(dòng)有點(diǎn)奇特;
44 、Earthquake prediction is a popular pastime for psychics and pseudo-scientists, and extravagant claims of past success are common.───地震預測在特異功能人士和偽科學(xué)者中是一項流行的活動(dòng),對過(guò)去成功預測的夸大吹噓也很常見(jiàn)。
45 、A newfound pastime.───一種新發(fā)現的娛樂(lè )
46 、In the past the compass could pass passion to the passive man having pastime on the pasture .───在過(guò)去,指南針可以將激情傳遞給在牧場(chǎng)上消遣的被動(dòng)之人.
47 、The assumption will be that the extra TLDs will be the only new ones, and the consequent rush to register will drive prices up and make cybersquatting an even more profitable pastime.───假使這是最后一批新增域名,則激烈的域名搶注浪潮會(huì )使域名價(jià)格更為高漲,從而也使域名搶注更加有利可圖。
48 、And while it's too early to tell if quilting is sharpening his mind, he quickly found that he loved his new pastime.───判斷縫紉是否正在使他的思維變的更加敏捷還為時(shí)過(guò)早,但他很快發(fā)現自己愛(ài)上了這個(gè)新消遣。
49 、Watching football together is a traditional pastime in our family.───全家一起看足球賽是我們家傳統的娛樂(lè ).
50 、Maybe he was jacking cable, another favorite pastime in this hood.─── 可能在偷接有線(xiàn)電視 也是這里常有的事
51 、A person who engages in an art, a science, a study, or an athletic activity as a pastime rather than as a profession.───業(yè)余愛(ài)好者把藝術(shù)、科學(xué)、研究或體育運動(dòng)作為消遣而不是作為職業(yè)的人
52 、By boxing, sparring with my singlestick, reading, my pastimes are many.─── 我打拳擊 揮舞我的單棍 閱讀 我有很多消遣方式
53 、In the past the compass could pass passion to the passive man having pastime on the pasture.───在過(guò)去,指南針可以將激情傳遞給在牧場(chǎng)上消遣的被動(dòng)之人
54 、It seems like a frivolous pastime when your survival here is in question.─── 看起來(lái)是個(gè)毫無(wú)意義的消遣 畢竟在這里的生存都成問(wèn)題
55 、In the advanced state of society, they are all very poor people who follow as a trade, what other people pursue as a pastime.───在進(jìn)步社會(huì )內,把別人消遣的事當作職業(yè)的人,都是極貧苦的。
56 、C. The pastime of professional people.───聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。
57 、So it could only have meant one of two things--Neil had at last found himself an indoor pastime,albeit a strange one,or else there was another woman.───因此,事情只能是這兩者之一:要么是尼爾又找到一項新的室內娛樂(lè )活動(dòng),盡管這項活動(dòng)有點(diǎn)奇特;要么是出現了另一個(gè)女人。
58 、Participants prepare to fly their Spiderman figure kite during a kite festival at Manila's Rizal Park on Sunday. Kite flying is a popular pastime in the Philippines.───周日參加菲律賓馬尼拉黎薩公園風(fēng)箏節的民眾正在準備他們的蜘蛛人風(fēng)箏。放風(fēng)箏在菲律賓是很普遍的休閑活動(dòng)。
59 、But in ancient China, Crickets were heroes of the national pastime.───但是在古代的中國,它是絕大多數人消遣的主角。
60 、Play-ing chess is his favourite pastime .───下棋是他最喜愛(ài)的消遣。
61 、That had been a placid pastime compared to his condition now.───與他目前的情況相比,那簡(jiǎn)直算是安靜的消遣了。
62 、He could do it in an hour, and how many times had he, for pure pastime, continued in the water for more than twice as long!───三里路他在一小時(shí)內就可以游到,從前,純碎是為了消遣,他曾多次在水里游過(guò)兩倍于那么長(cháng)的距離!
63 、In fact, it's something of a national pastime.───事實(shí)上,在某種意義上它是全國人民的娛樂(lè )。
64 、That is why I regard it as so important that in China painting is essentially the pastime of a scholar and not of a professional artist.───為了這個(gè)緣故,我覺(jué)得這種自然發(fā)生的情感非常重要,中國的繪畫(huà)根本是學(xué)者的消遣,而不是職業(yè)藝術(shù)家的消遣。
65 、LIKE all quintessentially British things, gardening is a pastime that has long been in decline.───像所有典型的英國事物一樣,作為消遣娛樂(lè )的園藝活動(dòng)很早之前就在衰落。
66 、This is a favorite pastime of many people and a source of amusement to those uninitiated in this pleasurable activity.───也許那些不了解這一樂(lè )趣的人不知道,這對于很多人來(lái)說(shuō)是一段非常好的休閑時(shí)間和消遣的來(lái)源。
67 、Actually, it's a pretty popular pastime for us.─── 砸律師其實(shí)是我們那挺流行的一個(gè)消遣呢
68 、His favorite pastime is watching sports on TV.───他最喜歡的消遣方式是看電視上的體育節目。
69 、She even managed to take in a bit of Singapore culture, and indulge in the national pastime of eating.───她甚至設法吸收一些新加坡的文化,并且耽迷于國際性的消遣--“吃”。
70 、But, like so many Chinese, his favorite pastime was eating and feasting.───不過(guò),就像很多中國人一樣,沈先生最喜歡的消遣方式還是吃吃喝喝。
71 、She sacrificed her pleasure and pastime to look after the old man .───她犧牲自己的消遣和娛樂(lè )時(shí)間去照料這位老人。
72 、Street dancing is referred as the entertainment of poor people before, because it dated from a pastime style of poor black families' children.───從前人們常把街舞當作是窮人們的娛樂(lè ),因為街舞起源于黑人貧困家庭的小孩的一種娛樂(lè )方式。
73 、You can return to your pleasant pastime of castrating writers who have more to say than you do.─── 你可以回到那太監作家都比你 能說(shuō)會(huì )道的愉快舊時(shí)光里了
74 、HIS FAVOURITE PASTIME IS FEELING SUPERIOR.───他最?lèi)?ài)的消遣是感覺(jué)想長(cháng)者.
75 、A national pastime, a tradition that has remained the same for over a century.─── 這是全國性?shī)蕵?lè )活動(dòng) 延續了一個(gè)多世紀的傳統
76 、Writing is a solitary pastime.───寫(xiě)作是獨自一人的消遣。
77 、"Come, dear playmates, maidens of like age with me, let us mount the bull here and take our pastime, for, truly, he will bear us on his back, and carry all of us!───“來(lái)啊,親愛(ài)的伙伴們,和我同庚的少女們,咱們坐到這頭牛背上玩吧,說(shuō)真的,它能把咱們承在背上,咱們大家都能坐得下!
78 、What is your favorite pastime?───你最喜歡的業(yè)余愛(ài)好是什么?
79 、Menshikov's favorite pastime is walking by the lake near his country residence.───在鄉間別墅旁的湖邊漫步,是孟列夫最喜歡的活動(dòng)。
80 、Henery set off to find one, and comes across Foghorn Leghorn, where the loudmouth rooster is engaged in his favorite pastime, playing tricks on a grumpy dog.───劇情簡(jiǎn)介: Animation / Family / Short / Comedy 1947 Nominated for Oscar Young Henery Hawk's father regretfully admits their family's shame: they hunt and eat chickens.
81 、Soldiers once again had to acquire someskill with the sword, and fencing also emerged as a pastime for gentlemen.───學(xué)會(huì )用劍的技能又一次成為士兵們的必修課,而擊劍同時(shí)也成為紳士們的一種消遣活動(dòng)。
82 、You just about everyone pastime.───你們只是消遣一下大家。
83 、Any pastime which is converted into an obligation loses its taste.───大凡一件事的性質(zhì)由“消遣的”而變?yōu)椤傲x務(wù)的”,便覺(jué)得興味索然。
84 、The Large Blue was avidly hunted by butterfly collectors, especially during the Victorian and Edwardian eras when butterfly collecting was a popular pastime.───大藍蝶是蝴蝶標本收集者的摯愛(ài),尤其是在維多利來(lái)女王與愛(ài)德華國王時(shí)代,當采集蝴蝶標本是一種流行的愛(ài)好時(shí)。
85 、The pastime, imported from the United States and Australia in the 1980s, consists of people throwing tiny stuntmen as far as possible, usually in a bar or discotheque.───"這種娛樂(lè )在20世紀80年代從美國和澳大利亞傳入法國,其內容是人們在酒吧或是迪斯科舞廳一類(lèi)的地方把矮小的特技演員盡可能地往遠處扔。
86 、What's your favorite pastime?───你最喜歡的業(yè)余愛(ài)好是什么?
87 、Gardening is a very rewarding pastime.───園藝勞動(dòng)是非常有益的消遣。
88 、What's your pastime on your weekend?───你周末都做什么消遣?
89 、I t is used for athletic pastime or for performance in festivals or holidays, and is introduced in juggling or dancing as an ethnic element.───它可以用來(lái)消遣或健身,在節假日里做游藝節目,或結合雜技或民族舞蹈成為一種表演藝術(shù)(灣有扯鈴協(xié)會(huì )、鈴劇場(chǎng)、鈴教學(xué)中心、鈴少年藝術(shù)表演團。
90 、"Antiquing" is a pleasant pastime in the Southland, with four historic communities offering antiques galore!───"古董 "在南加州是一個(gè)愉快的消遣, 藉由豐富地提供古董的四個(gè)歷史性的社區!
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的構成及用法?
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)(Gerund Phrase)是由動(dòng)名詞和其相關(guān)的詞構成的短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞是一種動(dòng)詞形式,表示動(dòng)作的名詞形式,它在句子中既可以充當主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等,也可以與其他詞組合成各種短語(yǔ)。
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的構成如下:
1. 動(dòng)名詞 + 賓語(yǔ):動(dòng)名詞及其相關(guān)的賓語(yǔ)構成了一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。例如:
- Watching TV is fun.(看電視很有趣。)
- Going shopping with friends is enjoyable.(和朋友一起購物很有趣。)
2. 動(dòng)名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ):動(dòng)名詞后跟一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)也可以構成一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。例如:
- I'm sorry for breaking the vase.(對不起,我打碎了花瓶。)
- She's busy preparing for the exam.(她正忙著(zhù)準備考試。)
3. 動(dòng)名詞 + 副詞:副詞可以修飾動(dòng)名詞,從而構成一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。例如:
- Loudly speaking in class is not allowed.(在課堂上大聲說(shuō)話(huà)是不允許的。)
- Constantly complaining about work will affect your performance.(不斷地抱怨工作會(huì )影響你的表現。)
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的用法:
1. 作主語(yǔ):動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)可以在句子中作為主語(yǔ)。例如:
- Watching movies is my favorite pastime.(看**是我最喜歡的消遣方式。)
2. 作賓語(yǔ):動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)可以在句子中作為賓語(yǔ)。例如:
- I enjoy watching movies with friends.(我喜歡和朋友一起看**。)
- The teacher forbids cheating on exams.(老師禁止在考試中**。)
3. 作表語(yǔ):動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)可以在句子中作為表語(yǔ)。例如:
- My hobby is collecting stamps.(我的愛(ài)好是集郵。)
- The most important thing now is staying calm.(現在最重要的事情是保持冷靜。)
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)中非常常見(jiàn),通過(guò)學(xué)習和實(shí)踐,您可以更好地掌握其構成和使用方法。
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的構成及用法?
動(dòng)名詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式。動(dòng)名詞有名詞和動(dòng)詞的特征,可以帶賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)構成動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞原型加詞尾ing構成,和現在分詞形式相同,動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)可以作主語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)介詞賓語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ) 賓補。
動(dòng)名詞的基本幾種形式
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的構成方式
1.及物動(dòng)詞+ing + (狀語(yǔ))
2.不及物動(dòng)詞+ing + (狀語(yǔ))
3.及物動(dòng)詞+ing +賓語(yǔ) +(狀語(yǔ))
4.特殊及物動(dòng)詞+ing +間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)+ (狀語(yǔ))
5.特殊及物動(dòng)詞+ing + 賓語(yǔ)+ 賓補+ (狀語(yǔ))
6.being+ 表語(yǔ)+ (狀語(yǔ))
7.特殊系動(dòng)詞+ing + 表語(yǔ)(形容詞)+ (狀語(yǔ))
8.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)+ing +(賓語(yǔ)) + (狀語(yǔ))
動(dòng)名詞一般式的被動(dòng)形式
動(dòng)名詞一般式的被動(dòng)形式由“being + 及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”構成。注意,“being”是助動(dòng)詞,沒(méi)有意思。動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。既然是被動(dòng),過(guò)去分詞就只能是及物動(dòng)詞,因為不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)意義。另外,動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式,一般可以帶狀語(yǔ)構成動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)形式短語(yǔ),但是一般不能帶賓語(yǔ)的,因為被動(dòng)已經(jīng)沒(méi)有動(dòng)作的對象,,當然,如果是雙賓動(dòng)詞或可以帶補語(yǔ)(賓補)的動(dòng)詞,就可以跟賓語(yǔ)構成動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)形式短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)一樣,可以作主語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 介詞賓語(yǔ) 等。其中最常用的是作賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)。
being + 及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 +(狀語(yǔ))
being + 雙賓動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 + 直接賓語(yǔ)(to+間接賓語(yǔ))+(狀語(yǔ))
being + 特定的及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 +補語(yǔ)+(狀語(yǔ))
動(dòng)名詞的完成式主動(dòng)形式
動(dòng)名詞的完成式主動(dòng)形式由“having + 過(guò)去分詞+ 賓語(yǔ)+(狀語(yǔ))/having+ been+ 表語(yǔ)+ (狀語(yǔ))”構成。注意,這里的“having”是助動(dòng)詞,沒(méi)有意思。跟動(dòng)詞不定式一樣,動(dòng)名詞的完成式所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)也是發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))之前。
having +及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+賓語(yǔ)+(狀語(yǔ))
having+不及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+(狀語(yǔ))
having+雙賓動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+ 直接賓語(yǔ)+(狀語(yǔ))
having+特定及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+賓語(yǔ)+(狀語(yǔ))
例:
my girlfriend regretted having bought so many shoes 我女朋友后悔買(mǎi)了這么多鞋子
這里“having bought so many shoes”里面的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)“regretted”之前。就是后悔的時(shí)候,已經(jīng)買(mǎi)了這么多鞋子了
動(dòng)名詞的復合結構
形容詞詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格加動(dòng)名詞構成動(dòng)名詞的復合結構。
形容詞詞性物主代詞+ 動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)
My smoking 我抽煙(my在這里不是“我的”而是指“我”)
Your going there你到哪里(your在這里不是“你的”而是指“你”)
名詞所有格+ 動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)
Lily’s going there 莉莉去哪里(lily’s 在這里不是“莉莉的”而是指“莉莉”)
Mike’s coming back so late邁克這么晚回來(lái)(Mike’s在這里不是“邁克的”而是指“邁克”)
在這個(gè)結構中,物主代詞或名詞所有格是動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞的復合結構在句中可以作主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 介詞賓語(yǔ)等。
例:
do you mind my smoking? 你介意我抽煙嗎?(作賓語(yǔ))
your going there will solve the problem。你到那里將能解決問(wèn)題。(主語(yǔ))
如果復合結構不是放在句子的開(kāi)頭,可以直接用名詞或人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格構成復合結構,這個(gè)比用所有格和物主代詞構成復合結構更加自然,也就是說(shuō),動(dòng)名詞的復合句結構放后面的時(shí)候,可以直接這么構成:
名詞+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)
Jack going there = Jack’s going there
人稱(chēng)代詞賓格+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)
me smoking = my smoking
例:
l don’t mind Jack going there杰克去那里,我沒(méi)意見(jiàn)。
l don’t like you going to the party 我不喜歡你去參加聚會(huì )。
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中的作用
作主語(yǔ)
動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)屬于單數概念而且主要用在“主系表”句型。
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ))+ is/was + 表語(yǔ)(形容詞/名詞)
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ))+謂語(yǔ)+(賓語(yǔ))+(狀語(yǔ))
動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),不像動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ),動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)一般不需要放在句尾。只有一些特殊的情況才會(huì )移到后面,然后前面加上一個(gè)“it”作形式主語(yǔ)。比如,當以下一些特殊詞語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,,就需要把動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)移到后面。
no use沒(méi)用 no good沒(méi)有 useless沒(méi)用 a waste of time浪費時(shí)間 fun有趣的
nice好的 tiring累人的 a good pleasure令人愉快的 dangerous危險的 a bore無(wú)聊的
senseless無(wú)知的 enjoy able令人愉快的
也就是說(shuō),當動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ))+is/was +以上詞語(yǔ)(表語(yǔ))的時(shí)候要變成:
it(形式主語(yǔ)) +is/was +以上的詞語(yǔ)(表語(yǔ))+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)(真正的主語(yǔ))
注意:這三個(gè)形容詞:essential(絕對必要的,關(guān)鍵的) important(重要的) necessary(必要的)
也可以在動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,放在is/was后面作表語(yǔ)但這個(gè)時(shí)候不能把動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)放后面。
作表語(yǔ)
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,,主語(yǔ)也不能是表示有生命的名詞或代詞,,因為如果是有生命的,,就變成現在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)了,比如:l am teaching English .動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,主語(yǔ)一般是那種沒(méi)有生命的特定的名詞。
job/work工作 sport運動(dòng) hobby業(yè)余愛(ài)好 habit習慣 pastime娛樂(lè )消遣
特定沒(méi)有生命的名詞(主語(yǔ))+is/was +動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)(表語(yǔ))
動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)在作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的區別
意思一樣,但所強調的意義不同
動(dòng)名詞表達的是:狀態(tài) 性質(zhì) 心境 抽象 經(jīng)常性 已經(jīng)發(fā)生的
不定式表達的是:目的 結果 原因 具體的 強調一次性 將要發(fā)生的
作賓語(yǔ)
特定的及物動(dòng)詞才能跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)
主語(yǔ)(90%)+特定的及物動(dòng)詞+ 賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))
suggest建議 finish完成 avoid(避免) stop停止 can’t help忍不住 mind介意
enjoy享受/喜歡 admit承認 require要求/需要 postpone推遲 delay推遲 consider考慮
deny否認 advise建議 excuse原諒 practice練習 escape避免 miss避免/錯過(guò)
pardon原諒 imagine想象 risk(冒….風(fēng)險) put off推遲 leave off停止 appreciate感激
keep保持/繼續 despise鄙視 like喜歡 quit=stop停止
作介詞的賓語(yǔ)
動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)可以放在介詞后面作介詞賓語(yǔ),這是動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式最常見(jiàn)的用法。但是作介詞賓語(yǔ)有三種情況。這三種情況是不同的。
第一種:
一些介詞可以和動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)構成一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)。首先,,不是每一個(gè)介詞都可以跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)構成一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)的。常用的“能跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的介詞”有;
about after before without by of instead of for而且這些介詞跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)構成一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)候介詞短語(yǔ)的作用也是不一樣的。
about關(guān)于
about跟動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)構成的介詞短語(yǔ),主要作表語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)這個(gè)時(shí)候“about”的意思是“關(guān)于,有關(guān)”例:about learning English 關(guān)于學(xué)習英語(yǔ)
after….之后
after跟動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)構成的介詞短語(yǔ),主要作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),可以放在開(kāi)頭也可以放在句尾??梢栽谝话悻F在時(shí)態(tài),一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),其他時(shí)態(tài)不能亂來(lái)。
before ….之前
“before”跟動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)構成介詞短語(yǔ),主要作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),可以放在開(kāi)頭也可以放在結尾??梢杂迷谝话悻F在時(shí)態(tài),,一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),其他時(shí)態(tài)不能亂來(lái)。
without 沒(méi)有,做…就…
without跟動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)構成的介詞短語(yǔ),主要是作狀語(yǔ),一般用在“主謂賓”句型可以放在開(kāi)頭也可以放在句尾?!皐ithout+動(dòng)名詞/動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)”作狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候強調“沒(méi)有做某事就去做另外一件事情”。也就是說(shuō)“without”后面的動(dòng)名詞表達的動(dòng)作是應該去做的事情,但是卻沒(méi)有去做就去做另外一件事情或其他的事情。
例:
she went to work ,without having break fast 他沒(méi)有吃早餐就去上班了
by通過(guò)….動(dòng)作
by+動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ),主要作狀語(yǔ),而且相當于方式狀語(yǔ),所以一般只能出現在“主謂賓”句型。
主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)+ 賓語(yǔ)+ by+ 動(dòng)名詞/動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)
例:
l learn English by watching TV我們通過(guò)看電視學(xué)英語(yǔ)
of…. 的
of+動(dòng)名詞詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)也是作后置定語(yǔ),這里的“of”也是“….的”意思。但是作后置定語(yǔ)的時(shí)候能修飾的名詞不多,大多是都是固定搭配。
instead of 沒(méi)有…而…
“without+動(dòng)名詞/動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)”強調的是“沒(méi)有做某事(這個(gè)事情是本應該做的)就去做另外一件事情”。 而“instead of”+動(dòng)名詞/動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)”強調的是“沒(méi)有做什么事情,而是去做另外一件事情”,表達轉折的意義。強調做出另外一個(gè)選擇,當然也是作狀語(yǔ)作用,主要用在“主謂賓”句型,可以放開(kāi)頭也可以放結尾。
例:
l chose to be a teacher instead of being a worker
我沒(méi)有當工人而是選擇當做老師
for
for可以跟動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)構成介詞短語(yǔ),但是這種介詞短語(yǔ)一般作原因狀語(yǔ)而且多數用在被動(dòng)句里面或者出現在固定結構,雖然偶然也可以作目的狀語(yǔ),但是極少出現。
例:
he was arrested for killing a girl 他因謀殺一名女子而被捕(用在被動(dòng)句里面作原因狀語(yǔ))
第二種:
英語(yǔ)有一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也叫短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或復合動(dòng)詞,這些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)含有介詞,而且屬于及物動(dòng)詞,這個(gè)時(shí)候也可以跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。這個(gè)跟上面作賓語(yǔ)的情況差不多一樣的,因為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就是一個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,所以把這種情況理解為,“主語(yǔ)+ 特定的及物動(dòng)詞+ 動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ))”完全沒(méi)有問(wèn)題。但是,這種短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞能跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)是因為本身含有介詞在里面的,所以英語(yǔ)還是習慣把這種動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)稱(chēng)為介詞賓語(yǔ)。
give up 放棄
例: l will give up teaching English 我將會(huì )放棄教英語(yǔ)
think of考慮,想起 (think of跟consider是同義詞)
例:l think of buying a farm我考慮買(mǎi)一個(gè)農場(chǎng)
dream of 夢(mèng)見(jiàn)
she dream of meeting a handsome man她夢(mèng)見(jiàn)遇到一個(gè)帥哥
hear of聽(tīng)說(shuō)
hear of 可以跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作介詞賓語(yǔ)
look forward to 期待,盼望
we look forward to having a long holiday我們期待有一個(gè)長(cháng)假
depend on 依靠,根據
depend on 跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作介詞賓語(yǔ)的情況比較少。
complain about抱怨
l complain about earning less money 我抱怨賺錢(qián)少
insist on堅持
insist on 跟動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ),這個(gè)時(shí)候強調“堅持做某事的觀(guān)點(diǎn),主張”強調執意做某事。不是中文的那個(gè)“堅
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