?bacilli

bacilli發(fā)音

英：[b?'s?la?]　　美：[b?'s?la?]

英：　　美：

bacilli中文意思翻譯

名詞bacillus的復數形式

n.桿狀菌,芽孢桿菌

bacilli詞形變化

異體字: bacillar |

bacilli常見(jiàn)例句

1 、Inhibition to Gram's stain possitive coccus is 36, inhibition to Gram's stain negetive bacilli is 24.───對**球菌顯示有抑菌作用的有36種;對陰性桿菌顯示有抑菌作用的有24種。

2 、Furazolidone is another chioce, for its sensitivity to Dyseateric bacilli is greatly increasing.───另外呋喃唑酮對痢疾桿菌的敏感性明顯增加，可以選用。

3 、Staining study revealed an abundance of grampositive bacilli in the necrotic tissue supporting the blood culture finding.───壞死組織染色學(xué)發(fā)現大量革蘭氏**桿菌支持血培養結果。

4 、The cylindrical bacteria are known as bacilli.───圓柱形細菌被稱(chēng)為桿菌。

5 、Objective To analyze the distribution and resistance of non-fermentative Gram negative bacilli isolated from patients and explore how to administrate appropriate antibiotics.───摘要目的探討臨床分離的非發(fā)酵菌菌株的分布及耐藥情況，指導合理使用抗生素。

6 、Methods: The vaginal secretion was coltured in 87 inpatients with cervical cancer, except Anaerobic Bacilli &.Cocci and Neisseria gonorrhea and Mycoplasma.───方法：對87例住院患者的**分泌物進(jìn)行常規培養（不包括厭氧菌、淋病奈瑟菌及支原體培養）和常見(jiàn)菌的藥敏測定。

7 、Distribution and drug resistance of gram-negative bacilli isolated from internal medicine patients with pneumonia───內科肺部感染住院患者革蘭陰性桿菌菌種分布及耐藥性分析

8 、Most of diseases are caused by bacilli.───大多數疾病都是由細菌引起的。

9 、Based on these results, the mechanism of cellulase production by two bacilli was supposed.───并根據這些結果對芽孢桿菌產(chǎn)纖維素酶的機制進(jìn)行了假設。

10 、Of or relating to the bacilli that commonly inhabit the intestines of human beings and other vertebrates, especially the colon bacillus.───大腸桿菌的寄生在人類(lèi)和其他脊椎動(dòng)物的直腸中的細菌的或與之相關(guān)的，尤其是結腸菌

11 、Effects of the two drugs on the antibiotic resistant plasmid of Enteric bacilli───兩種藥物對腸道桿菌耐藥質(zhì)粒的影響

12 、Multi-resistant Gram-negative bacilli───多重耐藥革蘭陰性桿菌

13 、The common pathogens in CRS were fungi (41.1%),Gram-positive cocci (35.6%)and Gram-negtive bacilli (23.3%). Non-C.───CRS常見(jiàn)的致病菌依次為真菌(41.1%),革蘭**球菌(35.6%),革蘭陰性桿菌(23.3%)。

14 、Conclusion Cerea spore bacilli can cause swallowing infection.───:蠟樣芽胞桿菌可導致咽部感染。

15 、The disease is considered to be active as long as, tubercle bacilli have been detected in the sputum.───只要痰中檢出結核桿菌，就應考慮本病處于活動(dòng)期。

16 、We can recover clostridium bacilli in eviscerated ocular contents.───本案例在眼內容剜出物當中，可以發(fā)現大量莢膜梭菌菌體；

17 、anaerobic spore-bearing bacilli───厭氧芽胞桿菌

18 、Gram-negative bacilli were 474 strains(40.8%),the predominant pathogens were Escherichia coli(9.9%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(7.1%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(5.4%),and Enterobacter cloacae(5.2%).───G-桿菌以大腸埃希菌(9.9%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(7.1%)、陰溝腸桿菌(5.4%)和銅綠假單胞菌(5.2%)為主;

19 、Methods 100 aged patients with recrudescent and sputum bacilli positive tuberculosis were enrolled in this researchand divided into two groups randomly: 50 in treatment group and 50 in control group.───方法對100例老年人復治性痰菌**的病人,隨機分為治療組及對照組各50例,治療后作回顧性分析。

20 、A variety of organisms can produce an inflammation of the meninges, in neonates, the primary organisms responsible are gram-negative enteric bacilli, gram-negative rods, and group B streptococci.───多種細菌可以引起腦/脊膜炎癥。引起在新生兒腦/脊炎的有革蘭氏陰性腸桿菌、革蘭氏陰性桿菌、B型鏈球菌。

21 、Drug Resistance to Aztreonam in Commonly Encountered Gram-negative Bacilli───常見(jiàn)革蘭陰性桿菌對氨曲南的耐藥性分析

22 、Which featured by a bacilli to cocci circulation,obligate acrobes,inactive of biochemical reaction and resistanc...───從表型性狀分析此菌為國內從未報道的表皮短桿菌。

23 、They readily destroy lactic acid bacteria, but are useless against coliforms and bacilli; for obvious reasons, the use of these compounds is regarded as strongly inadvisable in the dairy industry.───它們可以迅速破壞乳酸菌，但對大腸桿菌和芽孢桿菌作用較低；由于明顯的原因，這類(lèi)化合物的使用顯然不適用于乳品工業(yè)。

24 、Totally 118 pathogenic strains were isolated,among them 64 strains(54.2%,64/118)were Gram negative bacilli,43 strains (36.4%,43/118)were Gram positive cocci.───共分離出118株菌珠,其中革蘭陰性桿菌64株,占54.2%,革蘭**球菌43株,占36.4%。

25 、Analysis of Distribution and Drug Resistance in Gram-negative Bacilli Causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections───下呼吸道感染革蘭陰性桿菌的分布及耐藥分析

26 、The separation rate of pathogenic bacteria in lower airway infection in the RICU was 75%. 85% of them were gram negative bacilli, 4.6% were gram positive cocci.───ICU病區下呼吸道感染細胞分離率為75%,其中革蘭陰性桿菌85.0%,革蘭**球菌4.6%。

27 、Properties of a Strand of Bacilli Isolated from a Microbiotic Crust in the Gurbantonggut Desert, Xinjiang───古爾班通古特沙漠生物結皮中一株嗜熱細菌的特性

28 、E. miletuswould appear therefore to be a natural reservoir for pathogen on plague bacilli, tsutsugamushi disease and epidemic haemorrhagic fever (Korean haemorrhagic fever) viruses.───因此大絨鼠很可能成為鼠疫，恙蟲(chóng)病和流行性出血熱等病原體的貯存宿主。

29 、A culture of typhoid bacilli,used to test for the presence of typhoid fever.───傷寒素傷寒病菌的培養，用來(lái)測試傷寒的存在。

30 、Canadian Food Inspection Agency announced this month in Maple Leaf Foods Inc. production of some meat products were found Lee bacilli.───加拿大食品檢驗局本月宣布在楓葉食品公司生產(chǎn)的一些肉類(lèi)產(chǎn)品中發(fā)現李氏桿菌。

31 、mycobacteria other than tubercle(bacilli)───不同于結核桿菌的分枝桿菌

32 、Objective To find a method for quick and high specific tuberculosis bacilli detection in serious membrane fluid and cerebrospinal fluid, and present a proof for clinical diagnosis.───摘要目的為臨床結核性胸膜炎、腹膜炎、腦膜炎結核桿菌的檢測尋找一個(gè)敏感、快速、可靠的實(shí)驗檢測方法。

33 、Methods A total of 108 strains of non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli from various clinical specimen euduring Aug 2001-Jul2005 were analyzed retrospectively.───方法對本院2001年8月至2005年7月間臨床標本培養分離出的108株非發(fā)酵菌臨床分布和耐藥情況進(jìn)行分析。

34 、Objective To explore the value of detection acid-fast bacilli by centrifuging the Liquored sputa and collecting bacteria in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.───摘要目的探討夾層杯集菌離心涂片法檢測抗酸桿菌對肺結核診斷的意義。

35 、Hospital-acquired Pneumonia: Risk Factors and Antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative Bacilli in Adult Patients───醫院內獲得性肺炎危險因素及革蘭陰性菌耐藥性

36 、Study on Induction Mechanism of Cellulase Production by Two Bacilli───兩株芽孢桿菌產(chǎn)纖維素酶的誘導機理研究

37 、Objective To explore the trend on hospital infection leaded by nonfermenters gram negative bacilli and the resistance to antibiotics of nonfermenters gram negative bacilli.───摘要目的了解非發(fā)酵革蘭陰性桿菌引起醫院感染的特點(diǎn)以及對抗生素耐藥性的變化趨勢。

38 、Therapy of drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli which induced nosocom ial infection───醫院感染常見(jiàn)耐藥革蘭陰性菌的藥物治療

39 、In addition, they can remove acarus and resist bacilli, effectively enabling you to avoid skin allergies as well as harmful material infection effectively.───并有除螨抗菌作用，可有效避免皮膚過(guò)敏，抑制有害物質(zhì)感染等功效。

40 、Overall, the rates of Gram-negative bacilli isolation have been on the rise during these 5 years, except for 2003, turning out to be 41.0%, 40.0%, 45.3%, 37.0% and 54.0%, respectively.───5年來(lái)革蘭陰性桿菌分離株除2003年外呈逐年上升趨勢,其構成比分別為41.0%、40.0%、45.3%、37.0%、54.0%;

41 、Methods To amplify the class1,2 and 3 integrase genes in 184 gram negative bacilli from medistream urine by polymerase chain reaction with universal primer of 3 genes.───方法用1、2、3類(lèi)三種整合酶基因通用引物擴增184株中段尿中分離革蘭陰性桿菌的相應基因;

42 、Among 816 strains 387(47.4%) were Gram negative bacilli , 323(39.5%) were Gram positive cocci and 106(13.0%) fungi.───816株病原菌中革蘭陰性桿菌 387株 (4 7.4% ) ,革蘭**球菌 32 3株(39.5% ) ;

43 、The AMEs produced by different bacilli have great diversities.───不同菌株產(chǎn)生的ames有很大差異。

44 、Medical microbiology; diagnosis of tuberculosis; minimum requirements for the identification of tubercle bacilli───醫用微生物學(xué)。結核診斷。鑒別結核分支桿菌的最低要求

45 、PAEs induced by GM or NTL alone to Gram - positive cocci were longer than to Gram - negative bacilli.───NTL的PAE比GM長(cháng)，可能與受試菌對NTL敏感性高于GM有關(guān)。

46 、The disease is considered to be active as long as tubercle bacilli have been detected in the sputum.───只要痰中檢出結核桿菌,就應考慮本病處于活動(dòng)期。

47 、Endotoxin is the key etiologic factor of pulmonary damage secondary to severe infection of Gram negative bacilli.───內毒素血癥是嚴重革蘭氏陰性菌感染導致肺損害發(fā)生的關(guān)鍵因素。

48 、Analysis on Distribution and Drug-resistance Spectrum Change of Z-H Bacilli───志賀氏菌菌群分布及耐藥譜變化分析

49 、After infectious brain edema model was induced by rude pertussis bacilli or purified pertussis bacilli, the water content(WC), Evans blue content(EB), Na + and K + content in brain tissues were measured.───分別使用粗制百日咳菌液和精制百日咳菌液制作感腦模型后 ,檢測腦組織含水量、伊文思藍 (EB)含量和鈉鉀離子含量。

50 、Failure of the immune system to control infection with TB bacilli leads to active TB disease.───如果免疫系統控制結核桿菌感染失敗,便會(huì )導致活性結核病。

51 、antagonistic rhizospheric spore-producing bacilli from tobacco root───拮抗根際芽孢桿菌

52 、Mycobacteria can also be stained with auramine and viewed with fluorescence microscopy, in which acid fast bacilli now appear as glowing yellow rods.───分枝桿菌也能被金胺染色，熒光顯微鏡下抗酸桿菌為發(fā)黃*色熒光的桿菌。

53 、Detecting specific tubercular bacilli antigen in CSF or pleural effusion or ascites of tuberculosis cases, using DOT-ELISA method.───DOT-ELISA法檢測患者胸、腹水或腦脊液中結核菌特異性抗原。

54 、A culture of typhoid bacilli, used to test for the presence of typhoid fever.───傷寒素傷寒病菌的培養，用來(lái)測試傷寒的存在

55 、Keywords beta lactamases;drug resistance;gram negative bacilli;───內酰胺酶;抗藥性;革蘭陰性桿菌;

56 、In order to find the mycobacteria in a tissue section, a stain for acid fast bacilli is done (AFB stain).───為了在組織切片上發(fā)現分支桿菌,進(jìn)行抗酸染色(AFB染色)。

57 、The incidence of nosocomial urinary tract infection was 8.37% in patients with PM and DM. The main pathogens were Gram-negative bacilli (76.19%).───所有PM和DM患者中發(fā)生醫院尿路感染者共21例(8.37%),感染菌以革蘭氏陰性菌為主(76.19%)。

58 、From 890 strains of Gram negative bacilli, 44 ESBL producing strains were detected with a positive rate of 4.9%.───在890株革蘭陰性桿菌中檢出產(chǎn)ESBL菌44株， **率4.9%。

59 、Fifty-four strains of pathogens were isolated from 28 cases with VAP, the percentages of Gram-negative bacilli, Gram-positive cocci and fungi were 83.33%, 7.41% and 9.26% respectively.───共檢出病原菌54株，其中革蘭陰性菌45株，占83.33%，前三位致病菌依次為銅綠假單胞菌、嗜麥芽窄食單胞菌和木糖氧化產(chǎn)堿桿菌；

60 、Keywords children;gram negative bacilli;gram positive coccus;surveillance;───兒童;革蘭陰性桿菌;革蘭**球菌;監測;

61 、With the availability of polyphasic taxonomical method, functions of chemical and molecular taxonomy have become increasingly important in the taxonomy of Bacillu s genus.───摘要隨著(zhù)多相分類(lèi)方法的廣泛采用，化學(xué)分類(lèi)和分子分類(lèi)在芽孢桿菌屬的分類(lèi)學(xué)研究中起到越來(lái)越重要的作用。

62 、The preparatory test research is carried on the sulfur dioxide gas by using biological-membrane packed tower with desulphurization bacilli.───利用排硫桿菌生物膜填料塔對含二氧化硫煙氣的凈化效果進(jìn)行了初步實(shí)驗。

63 、Methods: We examined and observed 52 patients with typhoid and 20 normal controls by bacterial culture, Widal reaction, and enzyme-linked immunoassay for detection of typhoid bacilli H antigen.───方法該文采用細菌培養、肥達反應、傷寒桿菌H抗原酶聯(lián)免疫檢測檢查52例傷寒患者,20例正常人,進(jìn)行對照觀(guān)察。

64 、Seventy nine strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated with Gram negative bacilli for 88 6% and Gram positive bacilli for 11 4%.───其中革蘭陰性細菌70株占88 6%,革蘭**細菌9株占11 4%;

65 、Keywords Acid-fast bacilli;bronchial perfusate;detection method;───抗酸桿菌;支氣管灌洗液;檢測方法;

66 、A gas chromatographic analysis method was employed to determine the cellular fatty acids (CFAs)profiles of the spores of some aerobic endospore4orming bacilli.───51株需氧芽孢桿菌純化后的芽孢培養物經(jīng)處理抽提全細胞脂肪酸甲酯，用于氣相色譜分析，同時(shí)以相應的繁殖體作為對照。

67 、Because there is at this stage no acquired immunity, the bacilli multiply rapidly, eliciting an exudative inflammatory response in which polymorphonuclear leucocytes and monocytes predominate.───因為在此階段并無(wú)后天免疫,桿菌繁殖迅速,從而引起滲出性炎癥反應,其中以多形核白細胞和單核白細胞居支配地位。

68 、The new advances in fast detection techniques of transgenic farm produce, bacilli, toxin, microbe, residual pesticide and antibiotic, quality and security control of farm produce in 2005 are put forward.───摘要論述了2005年轉基因農產(chǎn)品，細菌、毒素和微生物，農殘、獸殘及農產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)與安全三個(gè)方面快速檢測技術(shù)的進(jìn)展。

69 、Selective effects of broad-spectrum antibiotic on the intestinal Gram-negative bacilli in rats with sepsis───廣譜抗生素對膿毒癥大鼠腸道革蘭陰性桿菌的選擇作用

70 、Artificial Bacilli Model for Image Curve Extraction───一種用于圖像曲線(xiàn)抽取的人工桿菌模型

71 、EXAMINATION OF EFFICACY OF DISINFECTION OF RESPIRATOR USED BY PATIENTS WITH POSITIVE ACID-FAST BACILLI───抗酸桿菌**患者呼吸機消毒效果檢測

72 、Analysis on distribution of gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens and their drug sensitivity───臨床標本革蘭陰性桿菌的分布及藥物敏感性研究

73 、Drug Resistence Analysis of Nonmotile Bacilli of Hospital Infection of General Surgery───普外科院內感染不動(dòng)桿菌耐藥性分析

74 、The bacilli decomposes the organic compounds which are excreted by armpit big sweat glands, and creates unsaturated fatty acids such as dissociate fatty acid, and then causes the odor.───不飽和脂肪酸容易氧化，產(chǎn)生大量的氧化物，過(guò)氧化氫，進(jìn)而分解為醛類(lèi)、醛酸類(lèi)、醇類(lèi)、烴類(lèi)、酮類(lèi)化合物，這就是異味的主要來(lái)源。

75 、Lee bacilli of human infection with the disease after they developed symptoms of fever, headache, nausea and diarrhea and other symptoms of serious illness can cause death.───人感染李氏桿菌病后會(huì )出現發(fā)燒、頭痛、惡心和腹瀉等癥狀，病情嚴重時(shí)可致人死亡。

76 、Chest X-film demonstrated mild infiltration over bilateral lung fields.Histopathological examination revealed caseating granuloma and acid-fast bacilli, compatible with tuberculous infection.───在懷疑部腫瘤的情況下，安排硬式喉內視鏡檢查與切片，病理報告為典型的結核感染，并于檢體中染出結核菌。

77 、Better antibactyeria function against pyesis streptococcus, streptococcus pneumonia, flu bacilli also against staphylococcus.───本品對化膿性鏈球菌，肺炎球菌及流感菌具有良好抗菌作用，對葡萄球菌也具抗菌活性。

78 、Furthermore, the number of Enteric bacilli, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus and Peptostreptococcus were different in the intestinal lumen and membrane of different segments.───方法：對13例非腹部外傷意外傷亡者小腸的空腸上段、空腸中段、空回腸交界處、回腸中段、回腸下段10種細菌的腔菌群和膜菌群微生態(tài)情況進(jìn)行分析。

79 、Salmonella typhi bacilli antigen───傷寒桿菌抗原

80 、The bacilli have spread to most of your lungs, carving out cavities in the tissue.─── 細菌已經(jīng)在肺葉上大面積** 引起組織潰爛

81 、Interesting line shape is arrayed by real bacilli during their multiplying and moving.───其次,真實(shí)的桿菌在繁殖和移動(dòng)的過(guò)程中就會(huì )排列成有趣的曲線(xiàn)。

卡介苗是什么

卡介苗 是一種用來(lái)預防兒童結核病的預防接種疫苗

最早由法國科學(xué)家卡爾梅特(Calmette)和介朗(Guérin)研制成功的疫苗,為了紀念發(fā)明者，將這一預防結核病的疫苗定名為“卡介苗”。

接種卡介苗對兒童的健康成長(cháng)很有好處。 卡介苗接種被稱(chēng)為“出生第一針”，所以在產(chǎn)院、產(chǎn)科新生嬰兒一出生就應該接種。如果出生時(shí)沒(méi)能及時(shí)接種，在1歲以?xún)纫欢ㄒ疆數亟Y核病防治所卡介苗門(mén)診或者衛生防疫站計劃免疫門(mén)診去補種。 兒童要防癆，快種卡介苗。

卡介苗是什么

卡介苗預防接種，在“預防接種時(shí)間及紀錄表”中名列第一位，寶寶出生后，最先要面對的預防接種就是卡介苗。接種卡介苗可以預防結核病，而且是很安全的，但是它的局部反應過(guò)程比較特殊，有很多媽媽不甚了解，造成不必要的困擾。以下是一些常遇到的問(wèn)題，您一定很想知道吧！　Q　卡介苗(BCG)名稱(chēng)的由來(lái)　A　卡介苗是一種減毒的活性牛型結核桿菌疫苗，于1921年由法國的卡醫生(Calmette)及介醫生(Guerin)所研制成功的疫苗，為了紀念這兩位醫生的偉大貢獻，所以就將預防結核病的疫苗稱(chēng)為卡介苗(Bacilli Calmette Guerin，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)BCG)(Bacilli:桿菌)?！　為什么要接種卡介苗　A　預防重于治療，接種卡介苗可以使人體產(chǎn)生對結核病的抵抗力，以預防結核病(俗稱(chēng)肺癆)。嬰幼兒的抵抗力最弱，若受到了結核菌的感染，容易發(fā)生急性結核病，如結核性腦膜炎，而危及生命，因此每一個(gè)嬰兒都一定要接種卡介苗?！　嬰兒出生后什么時(shí)候可以接種卡介苗　A　正常出生，體重在2500克以上的嬰兒，出生24小時(shí)以后，就可以接種卡介苗，最遲應該在1周歲前完成接種?！　早產(chǎn)兒什么時(shí)候接種卡介苗比較好　A　如果家中沒(méi)有傳染來(lái)源，早產(chǎn)兒最好在出生六個(gè)月后再接種卡介苗，但如在半年內體重已經(jīng)超過(guò)2500克，經(jīng)醫生檢查發(fā)育正常的也可以接種?！　出生后有黃疸的新生兒，何時(shí)接種卡介苗為宜　A　暫時(shí)不要接種，應等癥狀消失后經(jīng)醫師檢查已完全恢復正常時(shí)，再接種?！　要到什么地方接種卡介苗　A　在醫院出生的嬰兒，各大醫院嬰兒室都可接種。萬(wàn)一因故未在醫院接種，可以等滿(mǎn)月后到就近的衛生所接種?！　接種卡介苗后，局部會(huì )有什么反應　A　接種卡介苗后約一至二周，局部會(huì )呈現紅色小節結，以后逐漸長(cháng)大，微有痛癢，但不會(huì )發(fā)燒;六至八周會(huì )形成膿泡或潰爛；十至十二周開(kāi)始結痂，痂皮脫落后留下一個(gè)微紅色的小疤痕，以后紅色逐漸變成膚色?！　接種卡介苗后，局部有膿泡或潰爛要如何照護　A　接種卡介苗后局部有膿泡或潰爛時(shí)，不必擦藥或包扎。但局部要保持清潔，衣服不要穿得太緊，如有膿液流出，可用無(wú)菌紗布或棉花拭凈，不要擠壓，平均約兩至三個(gè)月自然會(huì )愈合結痂，痂皮要等它自然脫落，不可提早把它摳去?！　接種卡介苗后，引起淋巴腺腫大，經(jīng)常發(fā)生在什么部位?有什么現象?是什么原因造成的　A　嬰兒接種后，在同側腋窩偶爾會(huì )有淋巴腺稍腫大的現象，并不要緊，它會(huì )自行消失。淋巴腺腫大，多在左側腋下，但偶爾也有在鎖骨下或頸部發(fā)生；一般可以在發(fā)生部位皮下觸摸得到可移動(dòng)性的腫大淋巴腺；如果已經(jīng)化膿時(shí)，則會(huì )與皮膚相連，有時(shí)局部會(huì )有化膿白點(diǎn)出現。發(fā)生淋巴腺腫大的主要原因是與個(gè)人體質(zhì)有關(guān)，接種年齡越小越容易發(fā)生，此外與接種疫苗的種類(lèi)或接種太深，如接種在皮下，也有關(guān)系?！　如果發(fā)生淋巴腺腫大，要怎么辦　A　在接種卡介苗三個(gè)月內有淋巴腺腫大，可以繼續觀(guān)察；如果在三個(gè)月后仍然還有腫大，請到結核病防治所就診，醫生會(huì )根據需要給予用藥，服藥一段時(shí)間后會(huì )逐漸消失，并不需要用外科手術(shù)治療?！　什么情況不可以接種卡介苗　A　(1)疑似已得結核病及疑似已被結核菌感染的人，應先經(jīng)結核菌素測驗，確定沒(méi)有被結核菌感染，才可接種卡介苗。(2)罹患急性熱病、發(fā)燒、皮膚病、嚴重濕疹、慢**，及早產(chǎn)兒或體重在2500克以下之新生兒，都暫時(shí)不要接種卡介苗。(3)先天及后天免疫不全的人，絕對不可接種卡介苗?！　嬰兒在醫院出生二十四小時(shí)后，已經(jīng)接種了卡介苗，但未留下任何痕跡，是何原因?如何處理　A　已經(jīng)接種卡介苗，但未留下痕跡，其可能性為：(1)紀錄錯誤，已紀錄接種其實(shí)是遺漏未接種；(2)發(fā)生反應時(shí)間未到，有時(shí)反應是在平均發(fā)生反應期間稍后才開(kāi)始；(3)操作技術(shù)上發(fā)生誤差，如：未注入足量的疫苗?？梢栽诮臃N后三個(gè)月作結核菌素測驗，如為反應陰性，則再接種卡介苗一次?！　出生后立即接種卡介苗，和六個(gè)月后接種效果是否有差別　A　卡介苗接種是否已成功地引起人工感染，一般都以接種后結核菌素測驗變成**的比率作為指標。根據文獻報告，出生后24小時(shí)立即接種，接種后結核菌素測驗變成**的比率，常較出生數月后接種為低。但如果出生后太久才接種，又擔心在這么長(cháng)的時(shí)間內，會(huì )受到有毒結核菌的感染。在傳染來(lái)源很普遍或家中有結核病人的狀況下，就越早接種越好；反之，小寶寶未滿(mǎn)月前少有機會(huì )接觸外人，也就是少有被結核菌感染的機會(huì )，若出生時(shí)在醫院沒(méi)有接種，等滿(mǎn)月后到就近的衛生所接種就可以了?！　如何判斷卡介苗已接種成功？　A　接種3個(gè)月后應到接種卡介苗的醫療機構復查，做結核菌素試驗。如果試驗**，說(shuō)明接種成功，體內已產(chǎn)生了免疫力；如果試驗陰性，則說(shuō)明接種未成功，還需要重新接種。

育苗來(lái)自

　20世紀初，法國有兩位細菌學(xué)家——卡默德和介蘭，他們共同試制成功了預防結核菌的人工疫苗，又稱(chēng)“卡介苗”?！∧鞘乔锾斓囊粋€(gè)下午，卡默德和介蘭走在巴黎近郊的馬波泰農場(chǎng)的一條小路上做實(shí)驗，試圖把結核桿菌接種到兩只公羊身上，但每次都失敗了。走著(zhù)走著(zhù)，他們發(fā)現田里的玉米桿兒很矮，穗兒又小，便關(guān)心的問(wèn)旁邊的農場(chǎng)主：“這些玉米是不是缺乏肥料呢？”農場(chǎng)說(shuō)：“不是，先生。這玉米引種到這里已經(jīng)十幾代了，可能有些退化了?！薄　笆裁?？請您再說(shuō)一遍！”農場(chǎng)主笑著(zhù)說(shuō)：“是退化了，一代不如一代啦！”看著(zhù)匆匆離去的兩個(gè)人，他覺(jué)得很好笑?！】潞徒樘m從從玉米的退化馬上聯(lián)想到：如果把毒性強烈的結核桿菌一代代培養下去，它的毒性是否也會(huì )退化呢？用已退化了毒性的結核桿菌再注射到人體中，不就可以既不傷害人體，也能使人體產(chǎn)生免疫力了嗎？?jì)晌豢茖W(xué)家足足花了13年的時(shí)間，終于成功培育了第230代被馴服的結核桿菌，作為人工疫苗！