?interferon

interferon發(fā)音

英：[??nt?(:)?f??r?n]　　美：[??nt??f?r?ɑn]

英：　　美：

interferon中文意思翻譯

n. 干擾素

interferon常見(jiàn)例句

1 、Lamivudine and interferon combination with or without lamivudine priming showed encouraging results in clinical trial.───在臨床應用中，拉米夫啶和干擾素（與拉米夫啶聯(lián)用或不與拉米夫啶聯(lián)用）都顯示了令人振奮的效果。

2 、How does the pharmaceutical grade Interferon make?───醫療用的干擾素是如何制成的?

3 、Interferon could significantly prolong the chr onic period and survival period of CGL patients.───干擾素有助于延長(cháng)CGL患者慢性期及生存期，延緩急變的發(fā)生。

4 、The International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research.───國際干擾素和細胞因子研究會(huì )。

5 、In these so-called difficult-to-treat cases you have to either increase the dose of pegylated interferon or the dose of ribavirin or in the future perhaps we can add protease inhibitors.───對于這些所謂難治性的病例，你必須增加聚乙二醇干擾素或者利巴韋林的劑量，或許在未來(lái)可能加用蛋白酶抑制劑進(jìn)行治療。

6 、Interferon（IFN） is a kind of protein excreted by human somatic cells.It has broad-spectrum antivirus, anti-tumour function and immunoregulation activity.───干擾素（IFN）是一類(lèi)人體細胞分泌的蛋白質(zhì)，具有廣譜的抗病毒、抗腫瘤和免疫調節活性。

7 、As a etiologic agent, the persistence of HCV in extrahepatic tissues may take an important role in the relapse as well as the chronicity of hepatitis C after discontinuation of interferon therapy.───作為致病因子的HCV持續存在肝外多種臟器細胞內，在丙型肝炎慢性化和干擾素治療后病情復發(fā)中可能起重要作用。

8 、Using purified interferon , a research team under the direction of biochemist Christian B.Anfinsen is mapping interferon's molecular structure at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md.───在馬里蘭州貝塞斯達國立衛生研究生的生物化學(xué)家克.芬森指導下的一個(gè)研究小組正在使用提純的干擾素，對干擾素的分子結構進(jìn)行研究。

9 、It is active in preventing cancer, inducing interferon, adjusting cellular immunity, reducing glutamicpyruvic transaminase, recovering hepatocyte function and preventing the cirrhosis of liver.───具有抗肝中毒，降低谷丙轉氨酶，恢復肝細胞功能，防止脂肪性變等作用，防止肝硬化。

10 、Therefore, we tend to be a little more aggressive and if a patient has borderline depression we would treat them before we would treat with interferon.───因此，我們治療可能有些激進(jìn)，如果患者在抑郁癥的臨界點(diǎn)上，我們會(huì )在給予干擾素之前就治療抑郁癥。

11 、It seems to be the interferon that helps the liver.But getting rid of HCV also helps, which seems to be why patients who got the pegylated interferon-ribavirin combination did the best.───似乎是干擾素幫助患者肝臟的恢復，但是，去除了C型肝炎病毒后，干擾素仍然能幫助患者的恢復，這似乎是為什麼接受長(cháng)期干擾素-病毒唑聯(lián)合治療的患者治療的效果最好。

12 、Its biological and antigenic characteristics are as same as that of the interferon induced in vitro from the serum of grass carp.───其特性與病毒體內誘導草魚(yú)產(chǎn)生的干擾素相一致且具有相同的抗原性,表明兩者是同一種干擾素.

13 、Using purified interferon, a research team under the direction of biochemist Christian B.Anfinsen is mapping interferon's molecular structure at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md.───在馬里蘭州貝塞斯達國立衛生研究生的生物化學(xué)家克.芬森指導下的一個(gè)研究小組正在使用提純的干擾素,對干擾素的分子結構進(jìn)行研究.

14 、What kind of disease can use the Interferon therapy now?───干擾素目前運用于治療何種疾病?

15 、TLR2, which is activated by bacteria, stimulates the release of a blend of cytokines that does not include interferon but is more suited to activating an effective antibacterial response by the body.───受細菌活化的TLR2，則會(huì )刺激不同組合的細胞素釋出，其中雖不包括干擾素，但是卻更能激發(fā)身體內對抗細菌的反應。

16 、I tried a lot many years ago, try to seroconvert from e antigen with e antigen positive, so in that case you should be able to use interferon.───幾年以前我就做了很多嘗試，使HBeAg（+）的患者發(fā)生血清轉換，在這種情況下，應該使用干擾素。

17 、Interferon generation method is by Finland the scientist blocks Li Kante the doctor invents, he extracts leucocyte to produce interferon from inside blood.───干擾素產(chǎn)生方法是由芬蘭科學(xué)家卡里·坎特兒博士發(fā)明的，他從血液中提取白細胞便產(chǎn)生干擾素。

18 、Interferon is probably the most significant nonspecific antiviral substance.───干擾素可能是最重要的一類(lèi)非特異性抗病毒物質(zhì)。

19 、Q: The hepatitis B patients which treat with interferon now appear rebound, you recommend the application to other type of interferon, or switch to nucleoside drugs?───使用干擾素進(jìn)行治療乙型肝炎患者現在發(fā)現有反彈，你建議對于該情況，是改用別的干擾素還是改用核苷類(lèi)藥物？

20 、He experienced a persistent fever until interferon was discontinued.───他持續發(fā)熱，直至干擾素停用。

21 、What are the connection of pumpkin seed, plantago seed,safflower flower, Japanese honeysuckle and Interferon?───南瓜子、車(chē)前草、金銀花、紅花與免疫力之關(guān)連?

22 、Pro.McCaughan: I'm a bit of a nealist about the two forms of pegylated interferon.───McCaughan教授：對這兩種干擾素的看法，我比較傾向于現實(shí)主義。

23 、How does the Interferon help to mount an attack against cancer cells?───干擾素如何抑制癌細胞生長(cháng)?

24 、Interferon may be effective in treating some herpes virus infections of the eye.───干擾素對治療某些眼部皰疹病毒感染可能有效。

25 、Human interferon Regulatory Factor，IRF Elisa Kit...───人干擾素調節因子（IRF）試劑盒；

26 、If they are favorable, interferon may be on the way to becoming one of the best wonder drugs yet-a natural one.───一旦成功，干擾素就將成為最佳的天然的靈丹妙藥。

27 、Right, you're looking for steroids, interferon, ribavirin, any broadspectrum antibiotics you can find.─── 好 你們需要找到類(lèi)固醇 干擾素 病毒唑 能找到的廣譜抗生素都帶走

28 、We stopped the interferon when it started poisoning his liver.─── 一出現肝中毒我們就停用干擾素了

29 、Therefore, when you give ribavirin to the patients in addition to the interferon, it makes it easier because the viral replication is already inhibited.───因此，如果除了干擾素以外還加用利巴韋林，治療會(huì )更有效，因為病毒復制已經(jīng)被抑制了。

30 、International Digest： For hepatitis C patients being treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin， how can we improve the SVR? Do you have any suggestions or advice for us?───國際肝?。簩τ谡诮邮芫垡叶几蓴_素和利巴韋林治療的丙肝患者，您能給我們一些提高持續病毒學(xué)應答的建議嗎？

31 、You mean combination therapy or monotherapy? Nucleotide analogue with interferon combination?───你說(shuō)的是聯(lián)合治療或者單藥治療嗎？核苷類(lèi)似物聯(lián)合還是和干擾素聯(lián)合？

32 、Pregnant women should not be treated with interferon.───孕婦不應使用干擾素治療。

33 、Possibly the point is that you have a maximum response of endogenous interferon but the virus itself blocks the effects of interferon.───可能關(guān)鍵就是雖然你有最大內生干擾素應答，但病毒本身阻止了干擾素的效果。

34 、For those one, I don't think interferon has indications, so in that case, our choices are nucleotide/nucleoside analogues.───對于這些患者來(lái)說(shuō)，并沒(méi)有使用干擾素的指征，因此，我們的選擇是核苷類(lèi)似物。

35 、But in many Asian countries and several European countries, peglated interferon is a popular first course therapy.───但是在亞洲和一些歐洲的國家，聚乙二醇干擾素作為一線(xiàn)治療很常見(jiàn)。

36 、Interferon is not the cell gets of virus invade after catching, virus take-overs inside the cell " chemical plant " .───干擾素并不是細胞受到病毒的侵染之后，病毒就接管細胞內的“化工廠(chǎng)”。

37 、The main products are: peptide complex liver (hepatocyte production factor), calf blood extract, brain protein, a pioneer on the 4th, cefadroxil and interferon and other products.───主要產(chǎn)品有： 肝復肽(促肝細胞生產(chǎn)因子)、小牛血去蛋白提取物、腦蛋白、先鋒四號、羥氨芐和干擾素等產(chǎn)品。

38 、Antivirus therapy is effective for cervical erosion, the effect of Recombination Interferon Cork a2b is superior to Policresulen for cervical erosion.───宮頸糜爛經(jīng)抗病毒治療有效，本研究結果應用干擾素治療宮頸

39 、But in combination with the interferon it's like gas to a flame.─── 但是結合干擾素 就像是火上澆油

40 、Professor Keeffe: I think interferon alone is a reasonable option to treat patients.And particularly if the ALT level is higher and the HBV DNA is lower.Those patients are good candidates.───干擾素可以作為一線(xiàn)乙型病毒型肝炎抗病毒治療藥物，尤其是對于谷丙轉氨酶較高而病毒載量較低的患者來(lái)說(shuō)，但是單獨應用即可。

41 、Effect of interferon on HBV determined by dot hybridization and PCR.───HBeAg、HBV DNA斑點(diǎn)雜交以及定量PCR檢測在評價(jià)干擾素抗HBV療效的價(jià)值探討

42 、Trials of Phyllanthus herb plus interferon versus interferon alone were also included.───葉下珠合用干擾素與單用干擾素比較的隨機試驗也予以納入。

43 、Interferon strengthens the body's response against disease by making the immune system more effective.───干擾素應通過(guò)增強免疫系統的效用來(lái)提高機體的抗病能力。

44 、Interferon can be used to cure cancer.───干擾素可以用于癌癥治療。

45 、Never use telbivudine with interferon as this is not safe.───因此，不能應用這種聯(lián)合，這樣不是很安全。

46 、Some side effects may be reduced by giving interferon at night or lowering the dosage of the drug.───如果在晚上服用干擾素或減少用量，可以降低一些副作用。

47 、The study of mammalian interferon already completed, the study of bird interferon also get on quickly, especially in chicken and duck.───干擾素在哺乳動(dòng)物中已進(jìn)行了深入的研究,禽類(lèi)干擾素的研究也已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)展。

48 、But no one's really paid attention to interferon and its role in regulating memory.───但是對干擾素和其在記憶調節中的作用卻很少關(guān)注。

49 、An important side effect of interferon is worsening of liver disease with treatment, which can be severe and even fatal.───一個(gè)重要的副作用是肝病治療方案惡化，這個(gè)可能非常嚴重和致命。

50 、Dr.Farrar added: "Up until now, interferon has always been appreciated for its role in inhibiting virus infections.───Farrar補充說(shuō)：”直到現在人們仍然主要關(guān)注干擾素在抑制病毒感染中的作用。

51 、Philip and I did that in August 1993,and then I started treatment that combined interferon,an immune-boosting therapy,and chemo.───1993年8月，我和我丈夫菲利普按照波克博士說(shuō)的去做了。之后，我開(kāi)始注射干擾素，這是一種免疫推進(jìn)療法，并進(jìn)行化療。

52 、In the old patient, it is important to consider his/her general condition when considering interferon and ribavirin treatment .───對老年患者而言，在開(kāi)始干擾素聯(lián)合利巴韋林治療前選擇合適的治療條件顯得尤為重要。

53 、We must have a good antiviral response to interferon and ribavirin, which significantly lowers the risk of resistance to the antiviral drug used in the combination.───對干擾素和利巴韋林治療的反應性一定要好好，這樣可以顯著(zhù)地降低聯(lián)合用藥時(shí)的耐藥風(fēng)險。

54 、Interferon is almost always host species-specific in function. By contrast, interferon activity is not specific for a given virus; the replication of a wide variety of virus can be inhibited.───干擾素在功能上通常是宿主種特異性。相反，干擾素活性對各種病毒均有效；能廣泛抑制各種病毒的復制。

55 、Interferon is scarce and this has been a major obstacle in studying its effects.───干擾素的量是很少的，這是研究干擾素作用的主要困難所在。

56 、Analysis of therapeutic effect of interferon in combination with podophyllin on condyloma acuminatum patients.───復方足葉草脂;干擾素;尖銳濕疣,,復方足葉草脂;干擾素;尖銳濕疣,1資料和方法,2結果,3討論,參考文獻:

57 、The double-stranded- RNA-dependent protein kinase( PKR) is an important component in an antiviral defence pathway that is mediated by interferon( IFN) in vertebrates.───雙鏈RNA依賴(lài)的蛋白激酶(KR)脊椎動(dòng)物中由干擾素介導的抗病毒防御機制的重要組成部分。

58 、Xie: The combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin is the best approach in HCV antiviral therapy, but this gold standard therapy is not for every patient.───但這種治療的金標準不是適用于每一個(gè)患者。

59 、In hepatitis C patients, occult HBV coinfection will reduce the response to interferon.───在丙肝感染者中，重疊感染隱匿性HBV會(huì )影響干擾素的療效。

60 、To 1980, the person such as Ye of American scientist rich uses gene to recombine a technology, recombine the gene that controls interferon production into coliform organisms, the made producer that becomes interferon.───到1980年，美國科學(xué)家博耶等人采用基因重組技術(shù)，把控制干擾素生產(chǎn)的基因重組進(jìn)大腸桿菌，使之成為干擾素的生產(chǎn)者。

61 、Previously, we use lamivudine, adefovir and interferon, but nowadays we use some new drugs, so how can we use it?They are introduced to new guidelines.───以前我們用拉米夫定、阿德福韋和干擾素治療**，但是現在我們又有一些新藥。

62 、They raise the antiviral responses in the infected cells by inducing several interferon inducible pathways.───主要通過(guò)幾種干擾素誘導途徑來(lái)提高感染的細胞抗病毒應答。

63 、Clinical why to go up to treat chronic second liver with interferon?───臨床上為什么用干擾素治療慢性**?

64 、In 38 CML patients, 34 (89.5%) were positive, with one having a typical t(9;22) at first, which changed into negative after having been treated with interferon for 38 months.───38例CML患者中 ,bcr/abl**為 34例 ,占 89.5% ,其中 1例患者發(fā)病時(shí) ,細胞遺傳學(xué)顯示典型的t(9;2 2 ) ,應用干擾素治療 38個(gè)月后 ,bcr/abl基因轉為陰性 ;

65 、Not gonna shove a spike into his brain and drip interferon without confirming this diagnosis.─── 沒(méi)確診前 又不能在腦袋上鉆洞 注干擾素

66 、The combination regimen can also adopted in patients failed in treatment with interferon monotherapy.───兩藥復合方案還可用于治療干擾素單獨治療失敗的患者。

67 、Interferon is a kind of antiviral protein substances,which can treat RV enterities.───干擾素作為一種廣譜的抗病毒蛋白質(zhì),能對RV引起的腸炎起治療作用。

68 、Doctors facing the same phenomenon in SARS patients tried to quell the storm by administering interferon and cytokine-suppressing corticosteroids.───前幾年發(fā)生的SARS也有相同的現象，醫師會(huì )給予SARS病患干擾素和可抑制細胞素的皮質(zhì)類(lèi)固醇，以平息細胞素風(fēng)暴。

69 、Their outside individual nucleus cell is in week blood the leucocyte interferon that small amount produces only after virus is atttacked.───他們的外周血單個(gè)核細胞在病毒攻擊后僅產(chǎn)生低量的白細胞干擾素。

70 、Prof.Janssen: Interferon can definitely not be used there because that gives too many side effects.───Janssen教授：對于失代償肝硬化的患者，干擾素肯定是不能用，因為副作用太多。

71 、Interferon, inducers have only been used to a limited extent in man.───干擾素、誘生劑只是在有限程度上對人用過(guò)。

72 、HBeAg seroconversion at the end of1 year was29% for combination,18% for lamivudine,19% for interferon and4% in placebo.───在臨床應用中，拉米夫啶和干擾素（拉米夫啶聯(lián)用或不與拉米夫啶聯(lián)用）顯示了令人振奮的效果。

73 、A patient who is old, as you say, that is in good physical condition could very well receive treatment with interferon and ribavirin.───如你所說(shuō)，老年患者，如果身體狀態(tài)良好，就能接受干擾素聯(lián)合利巴韋林治療。

74 、In the meantime, individualizing dose and duration of pegylated interferon and ribavirin might improve sustained virologic response rates in patients with hepatitis C.───在此期間，干擾素和利巴韋林的個(gè)性化劑量和療程可能改進(jìn)了丙肝患者的耐藥性。

75 、Meanwhile, the effect of Arctigenin Compound on inducing the production of interferon in normal mice was observed.───對正常小鼠研究誘生干擾素水平。

76 、Quincy, give them 80 micrograms of interferon.─── 昆西 每人注射80毫克干擾素

77 、In the interim prior to licensure of these new small molecule inhibitors, established therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin can be tailored.───在這些新型小分子抑制劑獲得臨床使用許可前，我們可以對業(yè)已形成的聚乙二醇化干擾素聯(lián)合病毒唑的治療方案進(jìn)行適當的修改。

78 、CMP can induce human peripheral blood lymphocyte to produce interferon,interleukin,tumor necrosis factor and granulocyte macrophage colony-Stimulating factor.───CMP能誘導人血淋巴細胞產(chǎn)生干擾素、白細胞介素、腫瘤壞死因子與粒-巨噬細胞集落刺激因子。

79 、But the interferon was something else .The treatments made him so nauseated all he could do was lie on his couch.───但干擾素則大為不同，干擾素的治療讓他惡心不止，他只能躺在沙發(fā)上。

80 、It may be that these elevated levels of interferon are protective.─── 也許這些過(guò)高的干擾素 具有保護性

81 、Hepatology Digest: It is the combination of interferon and ribavirin that will continue to play an important role.───國際肝?。耗敲锤蓴_素和利巴韋林的聯(lián)合應用依舊還會(huì )是重要的治療方法嗎？

82 、Interferon has a lot of potential toxicities, and patients need to be seen more frequently.───干擾素有很多的毒副反應，需要觀(guān)察的更為頻繁。

83 、But if RNAi had an ancestral role in virus restriction it seems to have been subsumed in vertebrates by the interferon pathway.───但是如果RNA干擾在病毒限制中存在保守作用，那么它應早已通過(guò)干擾素通路的方式被歸入脊椎動(dòng)物。

84 、Several specifically targeted antiviral therapies notably protease and polymerase inhibitors are promising but must be used in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin.───一些有特殊靶向的一些蛋白酶和聚合酶抑制劑有利于抗病毒，但僅適用于干擾素和利巴韋林的聯(lián)合治療中。

85 、Therefore, we propose this would suggest a possible autoimmune mechanism for the development of pyoderma gangrenosum and exacerbation of psoriasis with pegylated interferon therapy.───因此，我們提出聚乙二醇化干擾素治療后出現壞疽性膿皮病和銀屑病加重的可能自身免疫性機制。

86 、What are the side effects of interferon therapy?───干擾素治療的副作用是什么?

細胞因子的分類(lèi)及其功能是怎樣的

細胞因子的分類(lèi)及其功能是怎樣的

細胞因子可被分為白細胞介素、干擾素、腫瘤壞死因子、集落刺激因子、生長(cháng)因子和趨化性細胞因子等六類(lèi). 

白細胞介素 Interleukin,IL

最初是指由白細胞產(chǎn)生又在白細胞間發(fā)揮作用的細胞因子,雖然后來(lái)發(fā)現白細胞介素可由其他細胞產(chǎn)生, 也可作用于其他細胞,但這一名稱(chēng)仍被廣泛使用著(zhù).目前已報導的白細胞介素已有18種（IL-1～18）.

干擾素 Interferon,IFN

干擾素是最先發(fā)現的細胞因子,因其具有干擾病毒感染和復制的能力故稱(chēng)干擾素.根據來(lái)源和理化性質(zhì),可將干擾素分為α、β和γ三種類(lèi)型.IFN-α/β主要由白細胞、成纖維細胞和病毒感染的組織細胞產(chǎn)生,也稱(chēng)為Ⅰ型干擾素.IFN-γ主要由活化T細胞和NK細胞產(chǎn)生,也稱(chēng)為Ⅱ型干擾素.

腫瘤壞死因子 Tumor necrosis factor,TNF

腫瘤壞死因子是Garwell等在1975年發(fā)現的一種能使腫瘤發(fā)生出血壞死的物質(zhì).腫瘤壞死因子分為T(mén)NF-α和TNF-β兩種,前者主要由活化的單核－巨噬細胞產(chǎn)生,抗原刺激的T細胞、活化的NK細胞和肥大細胞也分泌TNF-α.TNF-β主要由活化的T細胞產(chǎn)生,又稱(chēng)淋巴毒素（lymphotoxin,LT）.具有生物學(xué)活性的TNF-α/β為同源三聚體分子.

集落刺激因子 Colony-stimulating facter,CSF

集落刺激因子是指能夠刺激多能造血干細胞和不同發(fā)育分化階段的造血干細胞進(jìn)行增殖分化,并在半固體培養基中形成相應細胞集落的細胞因子.目前發(fā)現的集落刺激因子有粒細胞-巨噬細胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、單核-巨噬細胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)、粒細胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF).此外,紅細胞生成素(erythropoietin, EPO)、干細胞生長(cháng)因子(stem cell factor,SCF)和血小板生成素(thrombopopoietin,TPO),也是重要的造血刺激因子.

生長(cháng)因子 Growth factor,GF

生長(cháng)因子是具有刺激細胞生長(cháng)作用的細胞因子,包括轉化生長(cháng)因子-β（ TGF-β）、表皮細胞生長(cháng)因子（EGF）、血管內皮細胞生長(cháng)因子（VEGF）、成纖維細胞生長(cháng)因子（FGF）、神經(jīng)生長(cháng)因子（NGF）、血小板源的生長(cháng)因子（PDGF）等.

趨化性細胞因子 Chemokine

趨化性細胞因子（chemokine）是一個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)家族,此家族由十余種結構有較大同源性,分子量多為8～10kD的蛋白組成.這些蛋白在氨基端多含有一或兩個(gè)半胱氨酸.根據半胱氨酸的排列方式,將趨化性細胞因子又分為亞家族.兩個(gè)半胱氨酸按Cys-X-Cys（半胱氨酸－任一氨基酸－半胱氨酸）方式排列的趨化性細胞因子屬α亞家族,也稱(chēng)CXC趨化性細胞因子；以Cys-Cys方式排列的趨化性細胞因子屬β亞家族,也稱(chēng)CC趨化性細胞因子. 近年來(lái),又發(fā)現了氨基端只有一個(gè)半胱氨酸（Cys）的趨化性細胞因子,這種趨化性細胞因子被命名為γ亞家族趨化性細胞因子,也稱(chēng)C趨化性細胞因子.趨化性細胞因子主要由白細胞與造血微環(huán)境中的基質(zhì)細胞分泌,可結合在內皮細胞的表面,具有對中性粒細胞、單核細胞、淋巴細胞、嗜酸性細胞和嗜堿性細胞的趨化和激活活性.IL-8是α亞家族系的代表,對中性粒細胞有趨化作用.單核細胞趨化蛋白-1（monocyte chemotactic protein-1,MCP-1）是β亞家族的代表,可趨化單核細胞.淋巴細胞趨化蛋白（lymphotactin）是γ亞家族的代表,對淋巴細胞有趨化作用.