弓箭手的英文,英語(yǔ),bowman是什么意思,bowman中文翻譯,bowman怎么讀、發(fā)音、用法及例句
?bowman
bowman 發(fā)音
英:[?bo?m?n] 美:[?b??m?n]
英: 美:
bowman 中文意思翻譯
常見(jiàn)釋義:弓箭手
n.(Bowman)人名;(英、西)鮑曼
n.弓箭手;(劃船)頭槳手
bowman 網(wǎng)絡(luò )釋義
n. 弓箭手;(劃船)頭槳手n. (Bowman)人名;(英、西)鮑曼
bowman 短語(yǔ)詞組
1、Bowman's layer ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏層, 前彈性層(角膜)
2、Bowman's membranes ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏膜, 前彈性層(角膜)
3、Bowman's glands ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏腺(嗅腺)
4、Bowman's disk ─── 鮑曼的磁盤(pán)
5、Bowman- ─── 鮑曼-
6、Bowman's discs ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏盤(pán)
7、Bowman-Heidenhain theory ─── [醫] 鮑-海二氏學(xué)說(shuō)(關(guān)于泌尿)
8、Bowman's theory ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏學(xué)說(shuō)(關(guān)于泌尿)
9、Bowman Glacier ─── 鮑曼冰川
10、Bowman's tubes ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏管, 角膜板層管
11、Bowman-Cichelli's relation ─── [化] 鮑曼-西切利關(guān)系
12、Visscher-Bowman test ─── [醫] 維-鮑二氏試驗(檢孕)
13、Bowman's muscle ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏肌, 睫狀肌
14、Bowman's operation ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏手術(shù)(白內障手術(shù),淚管狹窄切開(kāi)術(shù))
15、Bowman's disks ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏肌盤(pán)(構成橫紋肌纖維的扁平的板)
16、Bowman's capsule ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏囊(腎小球囊)
17、Bowman's root ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏根(美吐根,去痰、催吐藥)
18、Bowman's probe ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏探子(鼻淚管用)
19、Bowman's membrane ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏膜(角膜前彈性層)
bowman 詞性/詞形變化,bowman變形
復數--bowmen。
bowman 相似詞語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)
1、cowman ─── n.牧場(chǎng)主人;牧牛業(yè)者
2、Cotman ─── n.(Cotman)人名;(英)科特曼
3、bowmen ─── n.弓箭手;(尤指賽艇)位于船首的劃船隊員(bowman的復數)
4、snowman ─── n.雪人;n.(Snowman)人名;(英)斯諾曼
5、bowyang ─── n.褲子墊膝布
6、Bosman ─── n.(Bosman)人名;(法、意、羅、瑞典、南非)博斯曼
7、showman ─── n.玩雜耍的人;馬戲團的老板;表演者;n.(Showman)人名;(英)肖曼
8、bogman ─── n.(愛(ài)爾蘭)鄉巴佬;泥炭沼尸;n.(Bogman)(荷、美)博格曼(人名)
9、plowman ─── n.農夫;莊稼漢;n.(Plowman)人名;(英)普洛曼
bowman 常見(jiàn)例句(雙語(yǔ)使用場(chǎng)景)
1、Bowman's anterior elastic lamina ─── Bowman前彈性層
2、In concluding, I show that the analysis of skewness is linked to all three streams of literature devoted to explaining the Bowman paradox. ─── 在結論中,我表明,對偏斜的分析與所有致力于解釋鮑曼悖論的三派文獻都有聯(lián)系。
3、The PESTEL factors are important in a relative way as they ‘...usually affect all firms in the industry’ (Bowman &Asch 1987:72). ─── 宏觀(guān)環(huán)境分析因素是比較重要的,因為它們‘通常影響了行業(yè)中的所有公司’(波曼和阿斯1987:72)。
4、The eye of the Ancient Mariner fascinated the wedding guest. Burton; The serpent fascinates its prey,..by the power of his eyes. Todd & Bowman. ─── 他的眼睛讓人著(zhù)迷;這個(gè)游戲讓人著(zhù)迷。
5、While constructing a dam in Tecala,a country located in the Andes,American chief engineer Peter Bowman is captured by anti government forces during a raid on the capital city. ─── 在位于安第斯山的小國特卡拉修建水壩的過(guò)程中,美籍總工程師彼得·鮑曼在反政府武裝突襲首府時(shí)遭劫持。
6、Dave Bowman: Open the pod bay doors, HAL. ─── 大夫:把艙門(mén)打開(kāi),哈爾。
7、Folds and rupture of Bowman's membrane ─── Bowman膜褶和破裂
8、WHO, US Declare Swine Flu Emergencies By Michael Bowman Washington 26 April 2009 T... ─── 作者:韓萱點(diǎn)擊:485發(fā)布時(shí)間:14天前最后評論:14天前
9、Rob Bowman, the director, has a long television career that includes a definitive stretch helming a slew of "X-Files" episodes. ─── 溫哥華的森林為他們提供了新鮮感,也極其符合漫畫(huà)原著(zhù)的畫(huà)風(fēng)。
10、Parietal layer of Bowman's capsule ─── Bowman囊壁層
11、Bowman's capsule | renal corpusculum ─── 波曼氏囊| 腎小球囊
12、Rather than pay up or work out a settlement, Bowman decided to appeal all the way to the Supreme Court. ─── 鮑曼決定上訴至最高法院,而不是付錢(qián)或達成和解。
13、He was a very great bowman, so that there is a saying, Like Nimrod, a very great bowman. ─── 他在耶和華面前是個(gè)英勇的獵戶(hù)、所以俗語(yǔ)說(shuō)、像寧錄在耶和華面前是個(gè)英勇的獵戶(hù)。
14、Bowman rs gland ─── 嗅腺
15、A bowman took aim at an Eagle and hit him in the heart. ─── 一個(gè)弓箭手瞄準了一只鷹,并且擊中了它的心臟。
16、He will report to Sales Manager Gary Bowman. ─── 他將直接匯報給銷(xiāo)售經(jīng)理加里鮑曼。
17、Butterfly With Michael Phelps and Bob Bowman ─── 和菲爾普斯一起練蝶泳
18、Bowman′s Layer defect can cause haze. ─── Bowman′s層缺損會(huì )引起角膜霧濁 ,haze形成。
19、Bowman's membranes ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏膜, 前彈性層(角膜)
20、Bowman D D.Ouillon, G.Sammis, C. G An observational test of the critical earthquake concept 1998 ─── 左兆榮.張國民.吳建平1976年云南龍陵7.4級地震序列分析[期刊論文]-中國地震1996(5
21、Developing and Sustaining A Culture of Integrity By A. M. Jacocks Jr. And M. D. Bowman ─── 文化完整性的發(fā)展和保持
22、Bowman's root ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏根(美吐根, 去痰、催吐藥)
23、Someone to Love Me Chuck Bowman ─── 標簽:誰(shuí)來(lái)愛(ài)我
24、Tolkien estate written in English, Elvish and Dwarfish that speak of a dream he had where Bard the Bowman died and left him 2000 lbs of grain. ─── 托爾金用英語(yǔ),精靈語(yǔ)和Dwarfish寫(xiě)就的文章,說(shuō)他有個(gè)夢(mèng)想:既是吟唱詩(shī)人和弓箭手死掉留給他2000磅的谷物。
25、The swimmer used the opportunity to thank his coach of 15-years Bob Bowman. "Tonight was a very emotional for Bob and I, " said Phelps. ─── 菲爾普斯借此機會(huì )感謝了15年來(lái)栽培他的教練,鮑伯·鮑曼?!敖裢韺τ邗U伯和我而言意味非凡?!狈茽柶账拐f(shuō)道。
26、Bowman's disks ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏肌盤(pán)(構成橫紋肌纖維的扁平的板)
27、Bowman's glands ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏腺(嗅腺)
28、You'll be given 4 paths to choose from, 4 that will define your life in MapleStory: Warrior, Bowman, Thief, and Magician. ─── 在楓之谷的世界里,你有4種不同的冒險生活可以選擇: 劍士,弓射手,盜賊和法師。
29、I deal mostly with Fleer,Bowman and Topps.I'm here to serve you.I also collect Joe Carter cards. ─── 粗體字價(jià)格表示至少已經(jīng)有一位買(mǎi)家出價(jià)。
30、and the bowman will not keep his place; he who is quick-footed will not get away safely: and the horseman will not keep his life. ─── 拿弓的不能站立,腿快的不能逃脫。騎馬的也不能自救。
31、Bowman,H.& M.A.Haire.(1975),A Strategic Posture Toward Corporate Social Responsibility[J].California Management Review 18,No.2. ─── 李傳軍.利益相關(guān)者、公司治理與企業(yè)績(jì)效:一個(gè)理論回顧[J].廣州市經(jīng)濟管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報,2003,(4).
32、Henson T., W. Huxhold, and D. Bowman(1992),An enhanced neural network learning algorithm with simulated annealing”, Third Workshop on Neural Networks, 87-94, Feb. ─── 張志國,營(yíng)造工地管理人資量化與預測,國立中央大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)系碩士論文,2004。
33、At the sound of the horseman and bowman every city flees;They go into the thickets and climb among the rocks;Every city is forsaken, And no man dwells in them. ─── 各城的人、因馬兵和弓箭手的響聲、就都逃跑、進(jìn)入密林、爬上磐石.各城被撇下、無(wú)人住在其中。
34、Michael Bowman, a fifth-generation Coloradan, would be happy to see new economic opportunity in the Central Great Plains. ─── 邁克爾·鮑曼(MichaelBowman)是第五代科羅拉多人,他很高興看到中央大平原地區迎來(lái)了新的經(jīng)濟機遇。
35、A glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney. ─── 什麼是'急性腎炎綜合徵-急性炎癥的內部腎臟結構'?
36、Bowman's operation ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏手術(shù)(白內障手術(shù), 淚管狹窄切開(kāi)術(shù))
37、Dave Bowman: Hello, HAL do you read me, HAL? ─── 戴夫:喂,哈爾,發(fā)現我了嗎?
38、Visceral layer of Bowman's capsule ─── Bowman囊臟層
39、It didn't take Bowman long to realize the young man's potential, and he soon started Michael on a strict swimming regimen. ─── 沒(méi)多久,鮑曼就看出這個(gè)年輕人的潛力,很快對麥克開(kāi)始嚴格的游泳集訓。
40、Buddy's full-time assistant, Bertie Bowman, a kind, bighearted African-American who moonlighted as a cabdriver and also drove Senator Fulbright on occasion; ─── 巴迪的全職助手是伯爾蒂.鮑曼,一位善良大度的非裔美國人。他的第二職業(yè)是開(kāi)出租車(chē),攬點(diǎn)兒私活,有時(shí)則為富布賴(lài)特參議員開(kāi)車(chē)。
41、"I think. . . he [felt] a strong need to show that if he's not better than he was before, at least he's as good, " Bowman says. ─── 鮑曼說(shuō):「我認為…他(感到)很有必要讓大家知道就算他萬(wàn)一沒(méi)有比之前進(jìn)步,至少表現也是一樣好?!?/p>
42、Monsanto accused Bowman of patent infringement and won an $ 84,456 damage award. ─── Monsanto 指控鮑曼侵犯專(zhuān)利權,從而得到了84456美元的賠償金。
43、Deleted Scenes (with optional commentary by Rob Bowman and Kevin Stitt): Sai Approach, "Come Back To Me", Rounding Up The Troops ─── 刪除場(chǎng)景(可選羅勃·鮑曼和凱文·斯提德評論):接近Sai,"回到我身邊",集體圍捕
44、Pathology Images at Bowman Gray--Bowman Gray ─── 病理學(xué)圖像
45、Stevenson's claims are not widely accepted by mainstream scientists.[7] Many examples can be found in Children's Past Lives - How Past Life Memories Affect Your Child(Bantam, 1997) by Carol Bowman. ─── 史蒂芬森教授的研究目前無(wú)法被其他主流科學(xué)家們所接受。許多的例子可在這本書(shū):卡羅.鮑曼所寫(xiě)的"兒童的前世生活-前世記憶如何影響了你的小孩"找得到。
46、Author(s): Sidari, Frank P., III;Stout, Janet E.;VanBriesen, Jeanne M.;Bowman, Ann Marie;Grubb, Douglas;Neuner, Alan;Wagener, Marilyn M.;Yu, Victor L. ─── 研究顯示,一臺二氧化氯產(chǎn)生器設置于一中央處理區,能夠經(jīng)濟有效地處理23棟建筑(包含醫療設備)的供水系統。
47、Bowman membrane ─── [角膜]前界層, 鮑曼腺
48、Employment at the privately owned company has remained relatively steady this year, said owner Jeff Bowman. ─── 在一家私人公司雇傭一直保持相對穩定,今年鮑曼說(shuō),老板杰夫。
49、A bowman took aim at an Eagle and hit him in the heart. ─── 一個(gè)弓箭手瞄準了一只鷹,并且擊中了它的心臟。
50、1. Dave Bowman: Hello, HAL do you read me, HAL? ─── 戴夫:喂,哈爾,發(fā)現我了嗎?收藏指正
51、Renee Bowman said the bodies were her two adopted daughters and they'd been there for at least seven months. ─── 這位名叫雷尼鮑曼的婦女聲稱(chēng)是她的兩個(gè)養女的尸體,她們至少在冷庫中待了七個(gè)月。
52、Bowman J E, Clayden W A. Reduction of base drag by gas ejection. RARDE Rep.4169 ─── 丁則勝,羅榮,陳少松.底部燃燒減阻性能的若干參數影響研究.彈道學(xué)報,1996,(4
53、Dave Bowman: Where the hell'd you get that idea HAL? ─── 波曼:哈爾,你到底從哪知道的?
54、DAVE BOWMAN Open the pod bay doors, HAL. ─── 哈爾,打開(kāi)分隔艙艙門(mén)。
55、Dave Bowman: What's the problem? ─── 波曼:出什么問(wèn)題了?
56、The swift shall be unable to flee and the strong man shall lose his strength. The warrior shall not save himself nor the bowman stand his ground. ─── 以致疾行者無(wú)法逃遁,強有力者無(wú)法施展,武士救不了自己,
57、Methods Pterygium excisions were completed on Bowman membrane that corneal subepithelium was scraped under surface of eye and pterygium were hocused. ─── 方法表麻和翼狀胬肉下的浸潤麻醉,在翼狀胬肉的周邊作窄條狀的角膜上皮刮除,以暴露的前彈力層表面作為參照面,進(jìn)行翼狀胬肉切除。
58、Kenny Gritton Denley Bowman M. ─── 放大圖片 Handel - Deborah / Y.
59、And the boys came to full growth; and Esau became a man of the open country, an expert bowman; but Jacob was a quiet man, living in tents. ─── 兩個(gè)孩子漸漸長(cháng)大;以?huà)呱朴诖颢C,喜歡生活在田野;雅各為人安靜,常常住在帳棚里。
60、I as soon as gawk, this explains this bowman can control the blue color radioactive wave? ─── 我一愣,這說(shuō)明這位箭弓手可以控制藍色放射性波嗎?
61、Renee Bowman said the bodies were her two adopted daughters and they'd been there for at least seven months. ─── 她交代這兩具尸體屬于她收養的兩個(gè)女兒,她們已經(jīng)被藏在冰庫中至少有七個(gè)月的時(shí)間。
62、Bowman's theory ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏學(xué)說(shuō)(關(guān)于泌尿)
63、Dave Bowman: I don't know what you're talking about, HAL? ─── 戴夫:我不知道你在說(shuō)什么,哈爾?
64、Histopathologic and Ultrastructure Changes of Corneal Dystrophy of Bowman Layer, Type ─── 型角膜前彈力層營(yíng)養不良的組織病理學(xué)與超微結構研究
65、olfactory gland of Bowman ─── 嗅腺, Bowman腺
66、Bowman paradox ─── Bowman悖論
67、In race after race, setting record after record, Phelps kept his body and mind trained on a set of goals that only he and coach Bob Bowman were privy to for these Games. ─── 烽火無(wú)絕期,紀錄相次第。菲爾普斯始終使自己的身心素質(zhì)維持在一個(gè)只有他和教練鮑勃才知道的絕佳水平。
68、Bowman's discs ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏盤(pán)
69、Bowman rs membrane ─── 前彈性層
70、Bowman is a fit and healthy 19-year-old but she used to be anorexic. ─── 19歲的鮑曼現在身體很強壯,但她過(guò)去得過(guò)厭食癥。
71、Born in Baltimore in the US state of Maryland, Phelps suffered Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder as a teenager and trained at the North Baltimore Aquatic Club under coach Bob Bowman. ─── 出生在美國馬里蘭州的菲爾普斯,小時(shí)候患有注意力不足過(guò)動(dòng)癥,所以被送到巴爾的摩北部水上俱樂(lè )部,在勃波.鮑曼手下接受訓練。
72、Ambrosini V. &Bowman C. (2001). Tacit Knowledge: Some Suggestions for Operationalization. Journal of Management Studies. 38(6). ─── 劉京偉(2000)。知識管理的第一本書(shū)。臺北市:商周。
73、Happy went home Monday afternoon, and Misty Bowman said he started to get excited in the car as they got close to the house. ─── “快樂(lè )”于星期一下午回到了家,米絲蒂?鮑曼說(shuō),當他們離家越來(lái)越近時(shí),車(chē)里的小狗開(kāi)始變得興奮起來(lái)。
74、Could 2008 be a repeat of 1980? Public opinion analyst Karlyn Bowman says we should have a better idea after the major party political conventions in late August and early September. ─── 2008年的總統大選會(huì )不會(huì )是1980年大選的重演呢?美國企業(yè)研究所的鮑曼女士說(shuō),等到民主黨和共和黨八月底、九月初的提名大會(huì )之后,局勢將進(jìn)一步明朗。
75、Bowman rs muscle ─── 睫狀肌
76、And nobody knows that better than Bowman. ─── 沒(méi)有人鮑曼更清楚內幕。
77、hydrostatic pressure in Bowman's space ─── (腎小)囊內壓
78、Dave Bowman: Open the pod bay doors HAL. ─── 波曼:把艙門(mén)打開(kāi),哈爾。
79、Hoff is working with Michael Phelps' coach, Bob Bowman, who has returned to her North Baltimore Aquatic Club after four years at the University of Michigan. ─── 在密歇根大學(xué)訓練了四年的霍夫現在回到了北巴爾的摩的游泳俱樂(lè )部,現在跟著(zhù)菲爾普斯的教練鮑曼進(jìn)行訓練。
80、Dave Bowman: What are you talking about, HAL? ─── 戴夫:你在說(shuō)什么,哈爾?
81、Having coached Phelps since he was 11, Bowman was the first to recognize the boy's talent, and he first laid out a detailed plan to Phelps' surprised parents for making their son an Olympic champion. ─── 從菲爾普斯11歲起就當他的啟蒙教練,鮑曼可謂他的伯樂(lè ),他也第一個(gè)拿出一整套針對菲爾普斯的方案,這個(gè)培養奧運冠軍的方案讓他父母都大為吃驚。
82、Bob Cooney of the Philadelphia Daily News: "No doubt yesterday was a tough one for Dionte Christmas, who, along with Brandon Bowman, was released. ─── 校與實(shí)際就讀不符為由,拒絕小飛入境并將其原機遣返回中國,小飛的留學(xué)夢(mèng)就這樣結束了。
83、"He was a very great bowman, so that there is a saying, Like Nimrod, a very great bowman." ─── 他在耶和華面前是個(gè)英勇的獵戶(hù),所以俗語(yǔ)說(shuō),像寧錄在耶和華面前是個(gè)英勇的獵戶(hù)。
84、The Bowman Group provides Information Technology Consulting, Integration and ERP systems implemenation to Airports. ─── 為機場(chǎng)提供技術(shù)信息咨詢(xún),集成和ERP系統實(shí)施服務(wù)。
85、If farmers like Bowman are able to use these seeds without paying the designated fee, it will remove the incentives for companies like Monsanto to innovate. ─── 如果像鮑曼這樣的農民能夠在不支付指定費用的情況下使用這些種子,這將消除孟山都這樣的公司創(chuàng )新的動(dòng)力。
86、Bob Bowman was a swim coach at Baltimore's meadowbrook Aquatic and Fitness Center when Michael joined the club in 1996. ─── 一九九六年,麥克參加巴爾的摩的“牧草小溪水上運動(dòng)和健身中心”,那時(shí),巴柏鮑曼是里面的游泳教練。
87、Mencious, the Warring States period philosopher, and Huaincmzi say that Hou Yi was murdered by Pang Meng, one of his archer trainees who hopes to become top bowman. ─── 戰國時(shí)哲學(xué)家孟子和《淮南子》,都說(shuō)后羿是被他一位想成為第一弓箭手的徒弟逄蒙暗害的。
88、Bowman's probe ─── [醫] 鮑曼氏探子(鼻淚管用)
89、“I would almost guarantee he is probably going to wear the jammer,” Bowman said. “My recommendation would be: ‘Just move on.’ ─── “我幾乎可以保證,菲爾普斯多半穿傳統的泳衣參賽,”鮑曼說(shuō):“我的建議是:立即執行禁令?!?/p>
AI進(jìn)軍寫(xiě)作界,是否會(huì )成為假新聞制造機?
這是一個(gè)趨勢性的前瞻問(wèn)題,那我就用趨勢性的前瞻思維來(lái)回答。我認為,未來(lái)的人工智能AI肯定會(huì )制造一些虛假新聞。它來(lái)源于這三個(gè)方面的需要,政治對手之間和國家之間的政治博弈需要,企業(yè)的品牌競爭和產(chǎn)品競爭需要,個(gè)人和個(gè)人之間的沖突需要。
一、政治博弈需要
政治博弈是政治競爭對手之間為了拉票進(jìn)行博弈的方式。在博弈的過(guò)程當中,有一方有可能就會(huì )借助于人工智能通制造虛假新聞來(lái)詆毀對方,利用人工智能AI這種網(wǎng)絡(luò )工具政治博弈,我們從2016年美國大選當中已經(jīng)看到了苗頭。這里面既有美國政治對手之間的博弈,也有其他國家力量的參與博弈。目的就是利用網(wǎng)絡(luò )智能化的方式,包括人為的干預,制造了一些虛假的新聞詆毀對手,從而影響網(wǎng)民的投票傾向。
二、企業(yè)競爭需要
企業(yè)之間的競爭,在人工智能網(wǎng)絡(luò )環(huán)境仍然體現的就是品牌的展示曝光和產(chǎn)品的訂單流量競爭,為了品牌展示和訂單需要,也可以通過(guò)人工智能AI系統給競爭對手散步大量的虛假信息,誤導消費者,損害對手的品牌和訂單數量。對于企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō),一旦采取這種人工智能制造詆毀對手的假新聞,往往就能激起企業(yè)雙方之間互相增加大這種虛假新聞的制造和博弈,于是,我們就會(huì )看到更多的企業(yè)加入制造虛假新聞的行列。
三、個(gè)人發(fā)泄需要
控制不住情緒是人的缺點(diǎn)之一,有人控制不住情緒,就會(huì )通過(guò)某種方式來(lái)發(fā)泄。在人工智能環(huán)境當中,這種發(fā)現可能就更加隨意和隨機。因為控制不住不住自己的情緒,就會(huì )利用和誘導人工智能系統隨機的散布一些虛假新聞,給政府、給企業(yè)或給某些個(gè)人帶來(lái)一些影響和傷害。所以,未來(lái)的人工智能網(wǎng)絡(luò )環(huán)境,隨機出現個(gè)人散步虛假新聞,可能會(huì )成為一個(gè)常態(tài)。
四、能否阻止
不管是人為還是人工智能制造虛假新聞,都會(huì )給社會(huì )管理帶來(lái)混亂,影響整個(gè)社會(huì )秩序。人類(lèi)能否阻止AI制造虛假新聞?取決于政府在如何通過(guò)制定法律和政策,監管人工智能運營(yíng)平臺,讓系統和人知道,制造虛假新聞要受到懲罰的代價(jià)。尤其用好區塊鏈技術(shù)成熟,監測和記錄和所有新聞的源頭。不管是政治組織、企業(yè)還是個(gè)人,在制造虛假新聞的時(shí)候,要考慮所承受的代價(jià)。
總之,隨著(zhù)人工智能廣泛和深入的應用,制造虛假新聞肯定會(huì )出現,人類(lèi)作為控制人工智能的主體,當然也會(huì )通過(guò)政策和技術(shù)手段,控制好出現人工智能系統制造虛假新聞。
AI進(jìn)軍寫(xiě)作界,是否會(huì )成為假新聞制造機?
馬斯克倡導成立的AI研究機構OpenAI周四展示一款軟件,只需要給軟件提供一些信息,它就能編寫(xiě)逼真的假新聞。
OpenAI公布了軟件編寫(xiě)新聞的過(guò)程。研究人員給軟件提供如下信息:“一節裝載受控核材料的火車(chē)車(chē)廂今天在Cincinnati被盜,下落不明?!币源俗鳛榛A,軟件編寫(xiě)出由7個(gè)段落組成的新聞,軟件還引述政府官員的話(huà)語(yǔ),只是這些信息全是假的。
紐約大學(xué)計算機科學(xué)家山姆·鮑曼(Sam Bowman)認為:“軟件根據提示生成的文本相當驚人,從品質(zhì)上講,它所做的事比之前我們看到的復雜很多?!?/p>
假新聞引起人們的擔憂(yōu),OpenAI對此心知肚明,OpenAI政策主管杰克·克拉克(Jack Clark)說(shuō):“它可以生成連貫但不準確的虛假信息,其目的并不是很好?!?/p>
正因如此,OpenAI不會(huì )披露或者發(fā)布軟件的復雜版本。它只是開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)工具,讓政策制定者、記者、作家、藝術(shù)家用算法做實(shí)驗,看看能編寫(xiě)什么文本信息,或者能否做其它事情。
目前虛假信息正在蔓延,威脅全球科技產(chǎn)業(yè),而軟件能夠編寫(xiě)逼真的虛假新聞不是一個(gè)好消息。歐洲監管機構已經(jīng)向科技企業(yè)發(fā)出警告,如果科技公司不采取強有力措施,防止產(chǎn)品影響選民意愿,它們就會(huì )采取行動(dòng),自2016年美國大選以來(lái),Facebook一直在努力,希望控制虛假信息。
克拉克和鮑曼都認為,系統雖然很強大,但其能力沒(méi)有強到可以馬上帶來(lái)威脅??死苏f(shuō):“這不是一項馬上能投入使用的技術(shù),這是好事?!?/p>
OpenAI的工具是為了所謂的“語(yǔ)言建?!比蝿?wù)創(chuàng )造的,它要根據所有之前的單詞預測接下來(lái)的文本會(huì )是怎樣的,有點(diǎn)類(lèi)似于我們在手機上寫(xiě)郵件時(shí)自動(dòng)補充文本信息。它還可以用來(lái)執行翻譯、開(kāi)放式問(wèn)答任務(wù)。
OpenAI研究人員杰夫·吳(Jeff Wu)舉例說(shuō),我們也許可以用工具幫助作家尋找創(chuàng )意或者生成對話(huà)。又例如,也許可以用工具檢查語(yǔ)法錯誤,查看軟件代碼是否有漏洞。優(yōu)化軟件之后,未來(lái)也許還能為企業(yè)或者政府決策者提煉總結性文本。
在過(guò)去一年里,研究人員在語(yǔ)言處理方面取得巨大進(jìn)步。去年11月,谷歌開(kāi)發(fā)出一個(gè)強大的算法BERT,它可以理解并回答問(wèn)題。早些時(shí)候,艾倫人工智能研究所也在自然語(yǔ)言方面取得突破,開(kāi)發(fā)出一種名叫Elmo的算法。
鮑曼認為,BERT和Elmo可以說(shuō)是過(guò)去5年該領(lǐng)域最重大的突破,相比來(lái)說(shuō),雖然OpenAI算法也很重要,但是革命性沒(méi)有BERT那么強。
馬斯克是OpenAI的聯(lián)合創(chuàng )始人,不過(guò)去年他已經(jīng)退出董事會(huì )。
版權聲明: 本站僅提供信息存儲空間服務(wù),旨在傳遞更多信息,不擁有所有權,不承擔相關(guān)法律責任,不代表本網(wǎng)贊同其觀(guān)點(diǎn)和對其真實(shí)性負責。如因作品內容、版權和其它問(wèn)題需要同本網(wǎng)聯(lián)系的,請發(fā)送郵件至 舉報,一經(jīng)查實(shí),本站將立刻刪除。