?adrenal

adrenal發(fā)音

英：[?d'ri:n?l]　　美：[?d'ri:n?l]

英：　　美：

adrenal中文意思翻譯

n. 腎上腺

adj. 腎上腺的

adrenal詞形變化

副詞: adrenally |

adrenal常見(jiàn)例句

1 、ISA significantly reduced the degree of tumefaction in auricle induced by dimethylbenzene in mice removed adrenal.───對雙側摘除腎上腺的小鼠亦可抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳腫脹。

2 、He's contained for his own safety, and his adrenals are spiking uncontrollably.─── 他現在沒(méi)有人身危險 他的腎上腺素一直不受控制地飆升

3 、The pathological diagnosis is adrenal myelolipoma since the tumor contained mature adipose tissue in combination with hematopoietic components.───從切除的標本可以發(fā)現，有很豐富的成熟脂肪組織，并有造血組織；

4 、Male Revitalization Comprises: Testis, Placenta, Adrenal Cortex, Cns (Brain) All From Male Rabbits.───恢復男性活力含：睪丸、**、腎上腺皮質(zhì)、中樞神經(jīng)系統（腦），全取自雄兔

5 、Adrenal crisis should've been on your differential from the start.─── 腎上腺問(wèn)題 你最開(kāi)始就該診斷出來(lái)

6 、The 8 mg dexamethasone suppression test is the most useful method in differentiating Cushing's disease from adrenal adenoma.───8mg地塞米松抑制試驗是鑒別庫欣病和腎上腺皮質(zhì)腺瘤最合適的方法。

7 、According to our own survey of the literature, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of adrenal EMH has not been reported.───據我們所知，腎上腺之骨髓外造血在磁振造影上的影像表現尚未被報告過(guò)。

8 、Among 6 cases of MRI,4 were diagnosed as adrenal pheochromocytoma,and 2 were misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma.───6例中，4例疑診嗜鉻細胞瘤，2例診斷為巨塊型肝癌。

9 、The other patients can have hypertension secondary to some underlying pathologies such as functional adrenal gland neoplasm.───患有腎上腺瘤會(huì )導致病人體內醛固酮或皮質(zhì)類(lèi)固醇過(guò)量，而引致血壓上升。

10 、We herein report a case of adrenal EMH, presenting as a large right adrenal mass with the imaging features of MRI.───在此，我們報告一例腎上腺之骨髓外造血，表現為一右腎上腺大腫塊，及其在磁振造影上的影像特徵。

11 、All teams have conspicuous effect on increasing weight of spleen and adrenal gland, teams have the difference of statistics, the best of team is 2:1.───各配比組對雄性小鼠脾和腎上腺重量有明顯的增長(cháng)作用，且具有統計學(xué)差異，其中2:1配比組為最佳。

12 、METHODS:The activity of SOD of erythrocyte,GSH Px of whole blood and the content of Vitamin C in adrenal glands of rats are assayed.───方法 :測定給藥后大鼠紅細胞超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)和全血谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶 (GSH Px)等抗氧化酶含量及腎上腺內維生素C(VitC)含量。

13 、It is almost always necessary to remove the entire adrenal gland in order to safely remove the tumor.───為了保證腫瘤完全被切除，很多時(shí)候需要切除全部的腎上腺。

14 、Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare benign adrenal neoplasm presenting in 0.08%-0.4% of population based on autopsy series.───摘要腎上腺髓質(zhì)脂肪瘤是相對少見(jiàn)的良性腎上腺腫瘤，解剖研究發(fā)現約佔人口比例的0.08%-0.4%。

15 、The specific diagnosis of adrenal ganglioneuroma requires either biopsy or surgical removal for documentation.───因此明確的診斷有賴(lài)細針穿刺或手術(shù)切除以進(jìn)行病理檢查。

16 、Contained for his own safety, and his adrenals are spiking uncontrollably.─── 為了他自己的安全先關(guān)起來(lái) 他的腎上腺素一直不受控制地飆升

17 、We reviewed the literature for the clinicopathologic features and therapy recommendations for this rare adrenal tumor.───我們針對這個(gè)少見(jiàn)的腎上腺腫瘤的臨床病理特色和治療建議做文獻回顧。

18 、OBJECTIVES: Since 1992, the laparoscopic adrenalectomy has gradually become the standard operation for removing adrenal tumors.───摘要介紹：自1992年以來(lái)腹腔鏡腎上腺切除術(shù)已逐漸變成移除腎上腺腫瘤的標準術(shù)式。

19 、Abstract ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the phenotypic and functional characteristics of human adrenal microvascular endothelial cells (AdrEC).───摘要 摘要：目的 研究人腎上腺微血管內皮細胞的表型和功能特性。

20 、Both of them received adrenalectomy to relieve symptoms and the pathologic results showed adrenal myelolipoma.───他們兩者均接受腎上腺切除手術(shù)，病理報告顯示為腎上腺骨髓脂肪瘤。

21 、Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare, benign, endocrine non-functioning neoplasm which consists of hemopoietic tissue and adipose tissue.───摘要腎上腺骨髓脂肪瘤是一種含有造血組織及脂肪組織之罕見(jiàn)良性無(wú)內分泌功能的腫瘤。

22 、Retro-laparoscopic resection of adrenal cyst was the first choice for surgical treatments.───后腹腔鏡腎上腺囊腫切除術(shù)是外科首選的治療方法。

23 、Patient anorexia, serious and angular, amenorrhoea, the function such as other thyroid gland, adrenal, sexual gland, pancreas is low.───患者厭食，嚴重消瘦、閉經(jīng)，其他甲狀腺、腎上腺、性腺、胰腺等功能都低下。

24 、Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type II disease are predisposed to develop bilateral adrenal pheochromocytomas.───摘要第二型多發(fā)性?xún)确置诹龅牟』级嗖⒂邪l(fā)生兩側嗜鉻細胞瘤，傳統治療方法為兩側腎上腺切除術(shù)。

25 、Hypotensie, fluid-resuscitated patients with seere CAP should be screened for occult adrenal insufficiency. (Moderate recommendation; leel II eidence.───患有低血壓的較嚴重的社區獲得性肺炎患者要區別于被隱蔽的腎上腺機能減退患者。

26 、Female Revitalization Comprises: Ovary, Placenta, Adrenal Cortex, Cns (Brain), All From Female Rabbits.───恢復女性活力含：卵巢、**、腎上腺皮質(zhì)、中樞神經(jīng)系統（腦），全取自雌兔

27 、Other cannulas are inserted which allow your surgeon to delicately separate the adrenal gland from its attachments.───其他被放入的套管是為了讓你的外科醫生能夠將腎上腺與其他的 附屬體（附件？

28 、Corticotropin stimulates the adrenal cortexes to secrete the glucocorticoid hormone cortisol.───促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素興奮腎上腺皮質(zhì)分泌糖皮質(zhì)激素考的松。

29 、Before operation, 12 of the 18 cases were diagnosed as pheochromocytoma, 4 ganglioneuromas, 2 adrenal nonfunctional tumor.───手術(shù)前診斷為嗜鉻細胞瘤12例，神經(jīng)節細胞瘤4例，腎上腺無(wú)功能腺瘤2例。

30 、Methods:Clinical data of 7 cases of adrenal cortical carcinoma were analysed,in combination with related liferature.───方法：結合文獻對7例腎上腺皮質(zhì)癌的發(fā)病、臨床表現、臨床分期、診斷、治療以及預后等進(jìn)行討論。

31 、In this experiment we observed the development and differentiation of mouse adrenal medulla with electron microscope.───本實(shí)驗對小白鼠腎上腺髓質(zhì)的發(fā)育分化進(jìn)行了超微結構觀(guān)察。

32 、Bilateral massively enlarged adrenal glands were screened on CT scan in 4 cases, pathologically presented as macronodular or adenomatoid hyperplasia.───4例患者行CT檢查示雙側腎上腺大結節樣增生改變,所有患者均經(jīng)病理檢查證實(shí)為雙側腎上腺大結節樣或腺瘤樣增生。

33 、We will do a kidney puncture to draw some of your adrenal fluid for testing.───我們將采取穿刺的手段取出一些你的腎液來(lái)作檢查。

34 、No survival difference has been demonstrated between the adrenal sparing and the adrenal extirpation groups.───保留腎上腺組中2例分別于術(shù)后6個(gè)月，47個(gè)月出現同側腎上腺腫瘤復發(fā)。

35 、Also somebody considers as what adrenal coriaceous atrophy causes former hair sex.───也有人認為是原發(fā)性腎上腺皮質(zhì)萎縮造成的。

36 、We found one in your left adrenal gland.─── 我們在你的左腎上發(fā)現一個(gè)腫瘤

37 、Ovulatory dysfunction may be intrinsic to the ovaries or caused by thyroid, adrenal,prolactin, or central nervous system disorders.───排卵機能障礙可能是卵巢本身的或因甲狀腺，腎上腺，泌乳素或中樞神經(jīng)系統病變引起。

38 、Holy Basil normalizes stress hormones and enhances adrenal function.───圣羅勒可平衡壓力荷爾蒙及強化腎上腺功能。

39 、A hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates the secretion of cortisone and other hormones by the adrenal cortex.───促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素一種由刺激腎上腺皮質(zhì)素以及其他腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素分泌的腦垂體前葉所產(chǎn)生的激素

40 、Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic disorder transmitted by autosomal recessive pattern.───摘要先天性腎上腺增生癥是一種自體隱性遺傳病。

41 、Catecholamine levels in the adrenal medulla can be directly measured at post-mortem, if the animal is killed immediately after a stressful stimulus.───如果動物是在緊迫的刺激後立刻死亡(譯註：例如屠宰過程不人道)，則屍體解剖後可以在腎上腺髓質部直接測到鄰苯二酚胺。

42 、HRCT is an effective method to diagnose thoracic sarcoidosis and evaluate the curative effect of adrenal cortical hormone.───HRCT在診斷胸部結節病、觀(guān)察激素治療效果方面具有重要臨床意義。

43 、Some remaining atrophic adrenal is seen at the right.───右邊是殘余萎縮的腎上腺。

44 、The right adrenal gland is located cranial to these two arteries, adjacent to the caudal vena cava.───右側的腎上腺，就位于這對動(dòng)脈的頭端，緊鄰著(zhù)后腔靜脈。

45 、Right there, mass in the right adrenal gland.─── 就在那 右腎上腺的腫塊

46 、Histological Observation on Adrenal Glands of ?Rhizomys sinensis?───中華竹鼠腎上腺的組織學(xué)觀(guān)察

47 、We present a case with bilateral intratesticular masses and incidental adrenal nodular hyperplasia.───我們在此介紹一位年輕男性有著(zhù)雙側睪丸腫瘤和意外發(fā)現的腎上腺結節樣增生。

48 、Levaltier X,Troussard X,Fournier L,et al. Primary adrenal lymphoma. Report of a case [J ]. Presse Med, 1994,23:372 -9.───徐阿祥,孟憲濤,王曉雄,等.原發(fā)性腎上腺惡性淋巴瘤4例[J].中華醫學(xué)雜志,2001,81(16):1007.

49 、The important role of adrenal system and prostaglandin system might be involved in the mechanism of idiopathic preterm labor.───(3) 特發(fā)性早產(chǎn)患者羊水皮質(zhì)醇與PGE2濃度正相關(guān)，表明前列腺素系統與腎上腺系統的變化在早產(chǎn)發(fā)生中具有協(xié)同作用。

50 、The adrenal(suprarenal)gland specimens were in vestigated on 52 adult cadavers(102 sides).───對成尸52具(102側)腎上腺進(jìn)行了研究。

51 、Astragalus root improves adrenal gland function.───北耆可改善腎上腺的功能。

52 、If he's on chronic steroids, it could cause an adrenal insufficiency.─── 如果他在服用慢性類(lèi)固醇藥 可能造成腎上腺功能不全

53 、Objective To study the CT diagnostic value of adrenal tumor.───摘要目的探討CT對腎上腺腫瘤的診斷價(jià)值。

54 、A pheochromocytoma tumor of the adrenal gland.─── 嗜鉻細胞瘤 也就是腎上腺髓質(zhì)瘤

55 、We report a30- year-old female with symptomatic adrenogenital syndromes due to a right adrenal adenoma.5.5×3.0×2.5 cm3 in size.───我們報告一個(gè)發(fā)生在三十六歲婦女身上，大小約5.5×.0×.0立方公公，在化學(xué)相差磁振造影中，順相逆相脈沖序最之腫瘤訊號強度接近，無(wú)明顯降低的腎上腺良性腺瘤。

56 、Lung, bone, brain, liver, subcutis, and adrenal glands were the common resorts of metastasis, in decreasing order of frequency.───各器官血行轉移發(fā)生的頻率依次為：肺、骨、腦、肝、皮下及腎上腺。

57 、Adrenal myelolipomas are benign, rare, and hormonally inactive tumors.───摘要腎上腺肌肉脂肪瘤是一種良性、少見(jiàn)和無(wú)賀爾蒙活性的腫瘤。

58 、Could be heart failure, sepsis, adrenal insufficiency.─── 可能是心衰 敗血癥 腎上腺功能不全

59 、Objective: To summarize the CT features of adrenal tumors and to assess the value of spiral CT in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease.───摘要目的：總結腎上腺腫瘤的CT表現及特徵，評價(jià)螺旋CT對腎上腺腫瘤的診斷和鑒別診斷價(jià)值。

60 、Here are Congo red stained deposits of amyloid in the adrenal cortex. Amyloid may collect in adrenal as well as other organs.───剛果紅染色顯示腎上腺皮質(zhì)內淀粉樣物質(zhì)沉積。

61 、So her adrenal's must have spiked right before she died.─── 因此在她死前她腎上腺素的分泌 肯定達到了最高值

62 、Modified subcostal incision is recommended as a best choice for huge adrenal mass.───對大體積腎上腺腫瘤首選改良肋緣下切口。

63 、There is some residual adrenal cortical tissue at the lower center right, with the darker cells of pheochromocytoma seen above and to the left.───在右側中央偏下方可見(jiàn)一些殘留的腎上腺皮質(zhì)組織,在上方和左側可見(jiàn)顏色較深的嗜鉻細胞瘤的瘤細胞。

64 、Abstract： Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment for myelolipoma of adrenal gland.───摘 要： 目的 提高腎上腺髓質(zhì)脂肪瘤的診斷與治療水平。

65 、Adrenal myelolipoma, whith is composed of hematopoietic and adipose elements, is a rare benign tumor.───摘要腎上腺骨髓脂肪瘤是罕見(jiàn)，良性，含有造血及脂肪成分的腫瘤。

66 、Stimulating or otherwise acting on the adrenal cortex.───促腎上腺皮質(zhì)的刺激或作用于腎上腺皮質(zhì)的

67 、Using inferior cosmetics( contain Replace the skin): Cause the adrenal gland skin quality pathological changes.───使用劣質(zhì)化妝品(包括行換膚術(shù)):鉛**等重金屬使皮膚細胞中毒,引發(fā)副腎皮質(zhì)病變,造成黑色素沉淀于皮膚所致。

68 、The reducing ill effect principel is that acid materials and alkaloids have precipitation and the adrenal cortex...───增效機理主要表現為附子與甘草中各成分間的相互作用。

69 、Similar changes were observed with emotional state and the content of adrenal cortical hormone.───情感狀態(tài)、腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素含量變化與患病率類(lèi)似。

70 、We presented a case of huge adrenal myelolipoma in a patient admitted for a cerebrovascular accident with right hemiparesis.───摘要我們報告一個(gè)巨大的腎上腺骨髓性脂肪瘤的病例。

71 、Methods The CT signs of 33 patients with adrenal tumor were analyzed retrospectively.───方法回顧分析33例經(jīng)手術(shù)病理證實(shí)的腎上腺腫瘤的CT征象。

72 、The secretions of the anterior pituitary gland control the activities of the adrenal cortex and other endocrine organs.───垂體前葉的分泌控制腎上腺皮質(zhì)和其它內分泌腺體的活動(dòng)。

73 、Methods：To analyze retrospectively 33 cases with adrenal malignant tumor examined preoperatively by B-mode ultrasound.───方法：回顧性分析術(shù)前作過(guò)B超檢查的腎上腺惡性腫瘤33例。

74 、The findings of the general circulation of the adrenal gland in 40 autopsies are presented.───摘要報告40位遺體解剖后，關(guān)于腎上腺總括的血液循環(huán)的發(fā)現。

75 、Her mother has an underactive adrenal gland.───她的母親腎上腺機能不全。

76 、Synchronous adrenal metastasis from colorectal cancer occurred in 5 patients，and metachronous adrenal metastasis from colorectal cancer in 12.───孤立腎上腺轉移1例，其余均合并其他部位轉移。

77 、DHEA is a hormone produced mainly by the adrenal gland that acts as a precursor to testosterone and estrogen.───DHEA主要由腎上腺分泌，是睪丸酮及雌激素的前體。

78 、There is residual adrenal at the right, and an adrenal cortical carcinoma is at the left.───右側是殘余腎上腺,左邊是腎上腺皮質(zhì)癌。

79 、It is diagnosed by special blood tests that measure the body's response to stimulation of the adrenal gland.───只有通過(guò)測驗身體對腎上腺刺激所作反應的專(zhuān)門(mén)血液測試,才能對該病癥作出準確的診斷。

80 、This adrenal gland removed surgically in a patient with Cushing's syndrome has been sectioned in half to reveal an adenoma.───庫欣綜合征的腎上腺皮質(zhì)腺瘤病人的腎上腺被手術(shù)切除，腎上腺切為兩半可見(jiàn)腺瘤。

81 、The result shows: 1. Yufukang has the function of reducing inflammatory edema and is not affected by the presence or absence of the adrenal gland.───實(shí)驗表明:1.有抗炎性腫脹作用,且不因腎上腺的存在與否而改變;

82 、Methods The clinical data of 4 cases of adrenal cysts were reported and reviewed literature about the disease.───方法報告4例我院收治的腎上腺囊腫病人，并復習有關(guān)文獻。

83 、Zergling adrenal gland upgrade effects corrected.───小狗腎上腺素的升級效果被修正了。

84 、Methods: Ninety-seven patients with adrenal masses were examined by CT and confirmed by pathology or biopsy.───方法:對97例患者腎上腺腫塊進(jìn)行CT檢查,同時(shí)行手術(shù)病理或活體病理檢查。

85 、Potential aderse effects of topical steroids include adrenal suppression, epidermal and dermal thinning, striae, and perioral dermatitis, she said.───她說(shuō)到，局部類(lèi)固醇治療的潛在不良反應包括腎上腺抑制，表皮和真皮萎縮，皺折并可出現口周皮炎。

86 、Metastasic focus located brain,chest vertebra, left adrenal gland.───MRI提示轉移灶位于腦、胸椎、左腎上腺。

87 、The adrenal glands are rarely involved with extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH).───摘要骨髓外造血很少發(fā)生在腎上腺。

88 、So, we found a *all, noncancerous tumor on her adrenal gland.─── 我們在他的腎上腺發(fā)現一個(gè)很小的良性腫瘤

89 、An energy dispersive X-ray spectrum obtained from a rat adrenal chromaffin granule.───大鼠腎上腺髓質(zhì)嗜鉻顆粒X射線(xiàn)能譜圖。

90 、Pheochromocytoma is a neoplasm of neural crest origin arising in the adrenal medulla.───嗜鉻細胞瘤是發(fā)起于腎上腺髓質(zhì)神經(jīng)嵴起源點(diǎn)的一種贅生物。

腎上腺髓質(zhì)髓質(zhì)激素分泌的調節

腎上腺髓質(zhì)激素的分泌過(guò)程受到多種因素的精細調控。首先，交感神經(jīng)系統起著(zhù)關(guān)鍵作用。當交感神經(jīng)興奮時(shí)，其膽堿能節前纖維會(huì )釋放**膽堿，作用于髓質(zhì)嗜鉻細胞的N型受體，導致腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素的釋放。長(cháng)期的交感神經(jīng)興奮會(huì )增強酪氨酸羥化酶、多巴胺β-羥化酶以及PNMT（苯乙醇胺氮位甲基移位酶）的活性，從而促進(jìn)兒茶酚胺的合成。

ACTH（促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素）和糖皮質(zhì)激素也參與調節。在沒(méi)有垂體的動(dòng)物中，髓質(zhì)中相關(guān)酶的活性會(huì )下降。然而，補充ACTH或給予糖皮質(zhì)激素可以恢復這些酶的活性，尤其是對多巴胺β-羥化酶和PNMT。這表明ACTH對髓質(zhì)兒茶酚胺合成的影響，可能主要通過(guò)糖皮質(zhì)激素，也可能存在直接作用。由于腎上腺皮質(zhì)的血液流經(jīng)髓質(zhì)后返回循環(huán)，這使得糖皮質(zhì)激素能直接作用于髓質(zhì)，調控兒茶酚胺的合成。

髓質(zhì)細胞內的去甲腎上腺素和多巴胺濃度上升到一定水平時(shí)，會(huì )通過(guò)負反饋機制抑制酪氨酸羥化酶的活性。同樣，腎上腺素合成增多時(shí)也會(huì )抑制PNMT的作用。一旦腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素從細胞內釋放到血液，細胞內的含量降低，解除抑制，兒茶酚胺的合成便會(huì )增加。這個(gè)過(guò)程可以用圖11-20來(lái)直觀(guān)表示，展示了腎上腺髓質(zhì)激素的生物合成機制。

擴展資料

腎上腺髓質(zhì) adrenal medulla 是形成腎上腺中心部的組織。在寬闊的血管間隙中排列著(zhù)形狀不規則的細胞，其中也含有網(wǎng)狀內皮系統的一部分。在交感神經(jīng)的支配下，能分泌腎上腺素。在此意義上，腎上腺髓質(zhì)是將神經(jīng)信息轉換為激素信息的一種神經(jīng)內分泌轉換器（neuroendocrine tra－nsducer）。腎上腺髓質(zhì)最重要的作用，認為是在緊急情況時(shí)，通過(guò)交感神經(jīng)為機體創(chuàng )造逃走或準備斗爭的體內條件。此稱(chēng)為坎農（W.B.Cannon，1928）的應急學(xué)說(shuō)。腎上腺髓質(zhì)嗜鉻細胞分泌腎上腺素（epinephrine,E）和去甲腎上腺素（norepinephrine,NE）都是兒茶酚胺激素。

切除小鼠腎上腺的動(dòng)物模型有哪些

1、雙側腎上腺切除小鼠（BilateralAdrenalectomyMouse）：將小鼠的兩個(gè)腎上腺全部切除，使其失去產(chǎn)生腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素和兒茶酚胺的能力，適用于研究腎上腺素、去甲腎上腺素等生物活性物質(zhì)的作用。

2、單側腎上腺切除小鼠（UnilateralAdrenalectomyMouse）：將小鼠的一側腎上腺切除，使其另一側腎上腺能夠產(chǎn)生雙倍的腎上腺激素，適用于研究腎上腺激素對生理和代謝的影響。

3、部分腎上腺切除小鼠（PartialAdrenalectomyMouse）：將小鼠的部分腎上腺組織切除，使其產(chǎn)生的腎上腺激素量降低，適用于研究腎上腺激素對特定生理過(guò)程的影響。

4、全腎上腺切除小鼠（TotalAdrenalectomyMouse）：將小鼠的全部腎上腺切除，使其完全失去產(chǎn)生腎上腺激素和兒茶酚胺的能力，適用于研究腎上腺激素對生理和代謝的影響。