sidetracked是什么意思,sidetracked中文翻譯,sidetracked發(fā)音、用法及例句
?sidetracked
sidetracked發(fā)音
['saidtræk]
英: 美:
sidetracked中文意思翻譯
n.使變換話(huà)題,駛入側線(xiàn)
v.使降至次要地位,緩議,轉換話(huà)題
sidetracked詞形變化
動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數: sidetracks | 動(dòng)詞現在分詞: sidetracking | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞: sidetracked | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式: sidetracked |
sidetracked常見(jiàn)例句
1 、Hey,I'm sorry I didn't have time to buy your book.You kown,there was a sale going on at the CD store.I got sidetracked.───嘿,我很抱歉,我沒(méi)時(shí)間給你買(mǎi)書(shū).你知道嗎?書(shū)店正在出售打折的CD,我就不給你買(mǎi)書(shū)的事給忘了.
2 、Keywords multilateral well;well structure;sidetrack;well trajectory;Ansai Oilfield;───多分支井;井身結構;側鉆;井眼軌跡;安塞油田;
3 、Trial production and industrial sidetrack test of the XH-1 type of potassium-free sulfur-tolerant shift catalyst───XH-1型無(wú)鉀耐硫變換催化劑的試生產(chǎn)與工業(yè)側線(xiàn)試驗
4 、The children were sidetracked by the television and didn't do their homework.───孩子們被電視吸引過(guò)去,不做功課了。
5 、I was sidetracked from my work by an unexpected visitor.───不速之客的來(lái)訪(fǎng)使我撂下工作
6 、Keywords oriented well;case overshot;sidetrack drilling;slim-bore hole;excavation potential for old well;───定向井;套管開(kāi)窗;側鉆;小井眼井;老井挖潛;
7 、A comprehensive evaluation model for drilling of sidetrack horizontal well and its application───側鉆水平井鉆井綜合評價(jià)模型及其應用
8 、If we don’t plan this meeting properly, we’ll get sidetracked into discussing unimportant issues.───倘若我們計劃不好這一會(huì )議,就會(huì )使討論扯到枝節問(wèn)題上去了。
9 、Keywords Emusifying Drilling Fluid;Polymer Mud;Free-bentonite Mud;Brine Drilling Fluid;Drilling Horizontal Well;Sidetrack;───乳化鉆井液;聚合物鉆井液;無(wú)粘土泥漿;鹽水鉆井液;水平鉆井;側鉆;
10 、It did use to be its own country, but don't get me sidetracked.─── 它雖然曾經(jīng)是獨立國家 但別跑偏了
11 、No, we think you just got sidetracked.─── 不 我們認為你是轉變了性取向
12 、Observing roadside manners, the car sidetracked into a ditch.───兩車(chē)相遇,禮貌太周到,閃一旁讓路,讓進(jìn)溝里了。
13 、Sidetrack drilling well has become a new technology in recent years,by which the rejected and low efficiency wells can be transformed and resume their productivity.───側鉆井是近年來(lái)發(fā)展起來(lái)的新工藝,利用側鉆新工藝可以對原來(lái)的報廢井和低效井進(jìn)行改造,使之恢復生產(chǎn)能力。
14 、And the second level branch was then sidetrack drilled through the suspension open hole in the first lateral well.───在斜向器回收未成功的情況下,采用繞障鉆通主導眼實(shí)現壓力連通。
15 、The technology of sidetrack horizontal drilling is a new type of oilfield development technology.───側鉆水平井技術(shù)是一項新型的油田開(kāi)發(fā)技術(shù),但是,側鉆水平井能否獲得好的效益,關(guān)鍵是井位篩選。
16 、a bill that would sidetrack food irradiation in this country(Alexis Beck)───一份將阻礙該國食品發(fā)展的提案(阿列克塞 貝克)
17 、Keywords high -inclination;sidetrack drilling;horizontal well;MWD;───大斜度;側鉆;水平井;
18 、Many times important i ues can get sidetracked in a meeting, e ecially when everyone has a different opinion about the topic.───往往許多重大問(wèn)題在會(huì )議上容易離題,特別是當每位與會(huì )者對問(wèn)題意見(jiàn)不同時(shí)。
19 、While the talented and lucky few are successful, most are sidetracked (2) by the hustle and bustle (3) of the city, its bright lights, and that indelible (4) Yankee (5) attitude.───伴隨他們的是這座城市的忙碌與喧囂,霓虹的閃爍以及根深蒂固的美國式的傲慢態(tài)度。
20 、sidetrack horizontal well───側鉆水平井
21 、Window Opening and Sidetrack Drilling───開(kāi)窗側鉆
22 、Keywords Sidetracked well;Reservoir;Formation damage;Mathematical model;Physical model;Unsteady state flow;Boundary element migration;Typical curve;───側眼井;儲集層;地層傷害;數學(xué)模型;物理模型;不穩定流動(dòng);邊界元偏移;典型曲線(xiàn);
23 、Keywords sidetrack horizontal well drilling;fuzzy;analytical hierarchic process;evaluated model;drill standard;───側鉆水平井;模糊性;層次分析;評價(jià)模型;鉆井指標;
24 、critical sidetrack───臨界走向
25 、Even the best model can be sidetracked by false premises.───即使是最好的模型,也可以因為錯誤的前提而誤入歧途。
26 、He must be farsighted, must persevere in what he believes in and not be sidetracked by temporary setbacks.───加上對理想的堅持,遠慮深謀,不輕易因眼前的波折而有所迷失;
27 、But I was pursuing another story before your situation sidetracked me.─── 但就在你的情況轉移我的視線(xiàn)之前 我在追蹤另一個(gè)新聞
28 、Horizontal well,extended reach well,and sidetrack well have been widely drilled in recent years,logging in these kinds of wells with normal logging tools become difficult and impossible.───為了提高勘探開(kāi)發(fā)的綜合效益,近年來(lái)我國油田采用一些水平井、大斜度定向井、老井開(kāi)窗大斜度定向側鉆井等,測井面臨如何作業(yè)的新問(wèn)題。
29 、Unfortunately they are sidetracked by a village celebrating a mysterious festival to their mountain spirit.───不幸的是,他們又誤入了一個(gè)村莊,而這里正在慶祝著(zhù)一個(gè)神秘的山神節。
30 、He sidetracked to enliven the atmosphere.───他換了個(gè)話(huà)題來(lái)活躍一下氣氛。
31 、You deserve to have your life back after being sidetracked.─── 回歸正道 重回正常生活是你應得的
32 、Keywords slim hole;sidetrack;short radius;horizontal well;drilling;───小井眼;側鉆;短半徑;水平井;鉆井;
33 、It's difficult to sidetrack in the deep well in salt bed,especially the creeping of the gypsum-salt bed,hole diameter reduction and collapsion etc.are the biggest barriers for sidetrack drilling.───在深井鹽層中進(jìn)行側鉆困難較大,膏鹽層的蠕動(dòng)、縮徑、垮塌等不穩定性是側鉆的最大障礙。
34 、Oriented case overshot for sidetrack drilling tech is a main component in down hole work-over operation.───定向套管開(kāi)窗側鉆技術(shù)已成為井下大修作業(yè)的重要組成部分。
35 、Do not be opportunistic and get sidetracked by more money only to lose your true sense direction.───不要存在機會(huì )主義想法,也不要被金錢(qián)誘入歧途而最終迷失了你自己的方向。
36 、Analysis on the key dynamic problems of the drill string in sidetracked horizontal well───側鉆水平井鉆柱動(dòng)力學(xué)幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題研究
37 、thimble casing windows and sidetrack drilling is an new effective drilling measure in improving the oil recovery ratio by using reject well hole to dredge up the oilfield potential thoroughly.───套管開(kāi)窗側鉆[1]是一種有效利用油田事故老井眼,深入挖掘油藏開(kāi)發(fā)潛力,進(jìn)一步提高采收率的行之有效的新型鉆井技術(shù)。
38 、Slim Hole Sidetrack Horizontal Well Drilling Technique───小井眼側鉆水平井技術(shù)的應用
39 、Developed step by step, the technology of sidetrack drilling horizontal well in slim-hole is relatively mature, whole it's fist time to apply it in Dagang oilfield.───小井眼側鉆水平井技術(shù)經(jīng)過(guò)不斷的完善已基本成熟,但在大港油區內應用屬首次。
40 、” Christopher Columbus set out to prove what he believed to be true, and after he set forth for India, he was sidetracked .───哥倫布出發(fā)了去證實(shí)他的想法是正確的。
41 、The steady development of China’s sock market requires that we should not get sidetracked.───下面的漢譯英句子可用“sidetracked”: 中國股市穩健發(fā)展需要不折騰。
42 、Casing Window and Sidetrack Drilling Technology───套管開(kāi)窗側鉆工藝研究
43 、Fearsabout China in space should not sidetrack people.This isn’t theCold War of U.───人們不該總是糾纏在中國太空技術(shù)所引發(fā)的恐懼上。
44 、But too many people are easily sidetracked by the laundry, their kids, a quick errand.───但是有很多人會(huì )因為洗衣服、孩子和突發(fā)狀況不能集中精神。
45 、" Life becomes a biological procession and the very question of immortality is sidetracked.───人生變成一種生物學(xué)的程序,而永生的問(wèn)題是被擱置在一邊了。
46 、a bill that would sidetrack food irradiation in this country(bAlexis Beck)───一份將阻礙該國食品發(fā)展的提案(b阿列克塞 貝克)
47 、But then you finished the book (or got sidetracked and didn’t finish it), and the impact of the book gradually faded.───但后來(lái)你看完了(或是被別的事分了心沒(méi)有看完),書(shū)籍的沖擊力便漸漸消失。
48 、Keywords Talimu Basin deep drilling drilling accident sidetracked hottom hole assembly drilling parameter;───塔里木盆地;深井鉆井;鉆井事故;側鉆;鉆具組合;鉆井參數;
49 、Well Path Control Technique of Sidetrack Drilling Dual Branch Horizontal Well───側鉆雙分支水平井井眼軌跡控制
50 、The main benefit to this sidetrack is the Holy Avenger, an enchanted longsword that casts dispel magic.───就是有個(gè)魔法施放屬性啊。其他的再找找看。
51 、EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SWARF|CARRYING OF SECTION MILLING CASING IN SIDETRACKED HORIZONTAL WELL───側鉆水平井套管段銑銑屑運移實(shí)驗研究
52 、Keywords complex fault block;reservoir potential;sidetrack horizontal well;development effect;───復雜斷塊;油層潛力;側鉆水平井;開(kāi)發(fā)效果;
53 、Sorry. I got sidetracked by a marlin.─── 抱歉 我被一條馬林魚(yú)分心了
54 、hang sidetrack drilling───懸空側鉆
55 、Well Completion Techniques for Medium-Short Radius Horizontal Wells Sidetracked in North Buzachi, Kazakhstan───哈薩克斯坦北布扎齊油田側鉆中短半徑水平井完井工藝技術(shù)
56 、A Technical Study for Production Testing in Sidetrack Drilling Well───側鉆井生產(chǎn)測試技術(shù)研究
57 、This technology can be used in the wellbore trajectory check survey,the drilling orientation,the sidetrack drilling open orientation and so on.───在吉林油田利用該儀器成功地進(jìn)行了老井復查、連續測斜儀數據驗證。
58 、there are times when given the opportunity we might get sidetrack and go along a path that leads us in the wrong direction.───[書(shū)上的翻譯是}有時(shí).雖然我們有機會(huì )(走正路).但我們也可能誤入歧途.走上錯誤的道路.
59 、It is where you cognitively decide that you are going to work towards a goal and achieve that goal without being sidetracked by “instant” distractions.───在這種情形下,你憑感知來(lái)決定你要為實(shí)現某一目標努力工作而不因“臨時(shí)”狀況而分心。
60 、"a bill that would sidetrack food irradiation in this country" (Alexis Beck)───“一份將阻礙該國食品發(fā)展的提案”(阿列克塞·貝克)
61 、Peter thought he would go to college right after high school, but he got sidetracked, he spent four years in the army first.───彼得原以為高中一畢業(yè)就可以去大學(xué)??伤耆咂?。結果他的四年在軍隊里面度過(guò)了。
62 、We can't get sidetracked with public opinion.─── 我們不能受公眾*的影響
63 、Keywords branch horizontal well;path control;sidetrack drilling;well hole structure;drill string assembly;───分支水平井;軌跡控制;套管開(kāi)窗;井身結構;鉆具組合;
64 、A link to the page you are browsing and anything you selected are used to intelligently set the subject and body.A quick way to send AOL Mail from your browser, without getting sidetracked.───如果頁(yè)面有支援網(wǎng)頁(yè)快訊功能,在瀏覽器的右上角將會(huì )顯示綠色的網(wǎng)頁(yè)快訊圖示,而您將能夠輕松地將頁(yè)面加到我的最?lèi)?ài)列中!
65 、They got sidetracked and attacked other cells.─── 但是它們轉而攻擊其它細胞
66 、The whales, first spotted Sunday in the lower Sacramento River, likely were on their northward migration from Mexico up the California coast when they were sidetracked, biologists said.───兩只鯨魚(yú)是在周日于沙加緬度河下游一帶首度被發(fā)現,他們很可能是在從墨西哥沿加州海岸往北遷徙的過(guò)程中誤入歧途,生物學(xué)家說(shuō)。
67 、Drill Stem Dynamics Analysis and Application in Sidetracked Horizontal Wells───側鉆水平井鉆柱動(dòng)力學(xué)分析及應用
68 、I tried to tell you this earlier but we got... sidetracked.─── 我之前想跟你說(shuō)來(lái)著(zhù) 但被耽誤了
69 、sidetrack drilling───側鉆
70 、The last thing that I want to do is sidetrack you from from your dream.─── 我最不愿意的 就是影響你追尋你的夢(mèng)想
71 、Defects in and Advices for Liner Cementing Tools in Sidetrack Slim Wellbore───側鉆小井眼尾管固井工具存在問(wèn)題及改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)
72 、I'm not about to be the reason that your career gets sidetracked.─── 我不能成為 你職業(yè)生涯的絆腳石
73 、This paper mainly studies the technology of casing window and sidetrack drilling.It reaches some useful conclusions.───主要針對套管開(kāi)窗側鉆工藝進(jìn)行了系統全面的研究總結,得到了一些有用的結論。
74 、Some of Chrysler's creditors lodged objections to the plan, arguing that their interests have been sidetracked in order to expedite the deal.───克萊斯勒公司的部分債權人對這一計劃提出反對意見(jiàn),認為他們的利益由于促成這筆交易而受到了忽視。
75 、Keywords sidetracked;horizontal well;casing milling;swarf;annular carrying;experimental study;───側鉆;水平井;套管開(kāi)窗;銑屑;環(huán)空運移;實(shí)驗研究;
76 、railway sidetrack agreement───[經(jīng)] 鐵道支線(xiàn)契約
77 、sidetracked easing───側鉆井套管
78 、Casing window and sidetrack drilling is an effective measure in improving the oil revcovery ratio by using abandoned well hole to dredge up the oilfield potential.───套管開(kāi)窗側鉆是一種有效利用油田老井眼,深入挖掘油藏開(kāi)發(fā)潛力,進(jìn)一步提高采收率的鉆井技術(shù)。
79 、Hiro and Ando get sidetracked in Vegas again.───與此同時(shí),日本男兩人組又去了拉斯維加斯。
80 、Warren adds, "stick to your business plan, it will invariably work, it is important not to get sidetracked.───華倫說(shuō):“按照你的生意規劃去做,一定會(huì )有效,不要這山望著(zhù)那山高是重要的?!?/p>
81 、The principles &methods of type selection, optimum design of well trajectory , selection of sidetrack ways, design of drill strings &drilling fluid and completion design are introduced in this paper.───介紹了多底井、分支井類(lèi)型選擇及井眼軌跡優(yōu)化設計、側鉆方式選擇、鉆柱設計、鉆井液設計和完井方式設計的原則和方法。
82 、sidetrack well───側鉆井
83 、Two time scoring champion, multiple all star player Tracy Mcgredy ,on of the greatest player I think in the NBA despite being sidetrack by injury through out his career .───兩屆得分王,全能全明星球員麥蒂,在NBA最杰出的球員之一,雖然在他的職業(yè)生涯中一直被傷病拖累著(zhù)。
84 、Keywords sidetrack drilling branch horizontal well path contro make-up of string parameter;───側鉆;分支水平井;軌跡控制;鉆具組合;參數;
85 、siding, sidetrack───側線(xiàn), 旁軌
86 、In this world of fast paced communications, it's very easy to become sidetracked when it comes to finding our Enchanted Self.───在這個(gè)快溝通節奏的世界,在尋找自我時(shí),非常容易“偏離軌道”。
87 、He had just gotten sidetracked by thinking his money should make her happy when really his caring and understanding of her had been the source of her contentment.───當他真心知道關(guān)愛(ài)和了解是滿(mǎn)足她的來(lái)源時(shí),他就不再認為只有金錢(qián)才可以使她快樂(lè )。
88 、sidetracked horizontal well sectiom commpletion───側鉆水平井段完井
89 、He doesn't let himself sidetracked by fads and trends.───他不讓自己受到時(shí)髦和時(shí)尚東西的折騰。
90 、Keywords sidetrack well;directional well;horizontal well;track directional drilling;landing nipple without angle difference;───側鉆井;定向井;水平井;軌跡定向鉆進(jìn);無(wú)角差**接頭;
一日一詞:掉坑PITFALL
自現象級英語(yǔ)
PITFALL
1. 英英釋義:a problem or difficulty that is likely to happen in a particular job, course of action, or activity
例句:A used car is indeed a bargain, but there can be many pitfalls associated with the purchase of one.
2. 為什么選這個(gè)詞?
“pitfall”是可數名詞,意思都是“陷阱、隱患、坑”。這個(gè)詞由 pit 和 fall 兩部分組成,pit 本身有“深坑”的意思,而 fall 有“落下”的意思,就像一個(gè)人不小心掉進(jìn)坑里一樣,非常有畫(huà)面感,相信大家一下子就記住了。我們可以用 pitfall 來(lái)替換 danger 和 trap。下面通過(guò)生活中幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)場(chǎng)景來(lái)掌握這個(gè)單詞。
買(mǎi)二手車(chē)固然便宜,但其實(shí)里面有很多坑,就可以說(shuō):
A used car is indeed a bargain, but there can be many pitfalls associated with the purchase of one.
很多自由職業(yè)者喜歡在家辦公,因為可以節省辦公室租金,節省通勤時(shí)間,但其實(shí)這里面也有很多坑,比如難以形成一種高效的工作習慣、很容易被家里的事情分散注意力,就可以說(shuō):
Many freelancers favor working at home because it saves rent and reduces commute time. However, pitfalls of this practice abound.
我們經(jīng)常會(huì )讀到“認知缺陷”或“認知陷阱”,對應的英文就是 cognitive pitfalls。我們就可以這樣提醒自己:
We should be wary of cognitive pitfalls .
我幾年前開(kāi)始寫(xiě)公眾號是為了提醒其他人英語(yǔ)學(xué)習中一些常見(jiàn)的坑,就可以說(shuō):
I started to blog about English learning because I wanted to warn other English learners of common pitfalls .
3. 怎樣學(xué)會(huì )使用這個(gè)詞?
1)翻譯下面的句子:
一個(gè)律師的任務(wù)就是用自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)技能幫助客戶(hù)避開(kāi)法律中的坑。 (重點(diǎn):任務(wù)job,法律陷阱legal pitfalls)
A lawyer's job is to help clients to avoid legal pitfalls with his expertise.
A lawyer's job is to use his expertise to help his clients to avoid legal pitfalls.
造句:
例1:My father got his foot caught in a trap on a mountain road last Sunday. That explains why we should be wary of potential pitfalls on and off the road. 上周日上山被夾野兔的鐵圈套住了。出行須小心啊。
例2:Archives are adviced to factor in an emergency plan against disastrous pitfalls. 檔案館應該考慮 備災方案,防范未然。
例3:The police warned the passengers about the hidden pitfalls of pickpocketing. When sidetracked, they were prone to get stolen. 警方提醒旅客注意小偷。一不留神就可能失竊。
個(gè)人拓展:
多用復數的名詞:countable noun, usually plural
釋義:an unexpected danger or difficulty ; a problem, used especially about problems that may happen in the future
搭配:many/ common/ major/ potential pitfalls
legal/ cognitive pitfalls
fall into / avoid/ run into/ escape pitfalls
have both promise and pitfalls ; pitfalls or problems
背誦:
pitfall, danger, trap
We need to be alert to potential pitfalls.
We should be wary of cognitive pitfalls .
決策力并非與生俱來(lái)
有效管理的精髓全在于優(yōu)秀的決策機制。但不幸的是,決策力被看做是一種類(lèi)似于勇氣的性格特質(zhì)。有些人就是能夠果斷扣動(dòng)扳機——例如出色的經(jīng)理人;而另一些人則做不到這一點(diǎn)——這幫猶豫不決的家伙們對于被迫接受自己行為的后果感到膽戰心驚。
然而,一些社會(huì )學(xué)家通過(guò)深入研究影響人們決策的心理和社會(huì )因素,正在顛覆上述看法。通過(guò)研究更好的決策機制,他們希望使決策不再像巫術(shù)那樣神秘,而是像木匠活那樣可被學(xué)習掌握。
斯坦福大學(xué)(Stanford)商學(xué)院教授奇普•希思(Chip Heath)和杜克大學(xué)(Duke University)社會(huì )企業(yè)發(fā)展研究中心研究員丹•希思(Dan Heath)倆兄弟合著(zhù)了兩本出色的通俗社科書(shū)籍《讓創(chuàng )意更有粘性》(Made to Stick)以及《瞬變》(Switch)。他們的最新著(zhù)作《決策:如何在生活和工作中更好抉擇》(Decisions: How to Make Better Choices in Life and Work)深入探討了決策領(lǐng)域的最新研究成果。
他們寫(xiě)道,“表現得堅決果斷本身就是一種選擇。決策力是一種行為方式,而不是一種遺傳特征。它使我們能夠做出勇敢而自信的選擇,這不是因為我們知道自己一定正確,而是因為嘗試并失敗要好過(guò)拖延和后悔。”
希思兄弟指出了阻礙有效決策的四大因素:第一點(diǎn)是視野狹隘(narrow framing),這限制了我們納入考慮的選擇范圍;第二點(diǎn)是證實(shí)傾向( confirmation bias),我們傾向于尋找能夠支撐自己現有想法的證據;第三點(diǎn)是短期情緒(short-term emotion),它將隨著(zhù)時(shí)間逐漸消退;最后一點(diǎn)是過(guò)度自信(overconfidence)。
希思兄弟提出了名為“WRAP”的四階段流程,依次針對解決阻礙決策的四大障礙。我們必須“拓寬自己的選擇空間”,避免非此即彼的簡(jiǎn)單決策。我們應當“把自己的假想放到現實(shí)中檢驗”,以確保我們的決策是建立在事實(shí)而非偏見(jiàn)的基礎上。我們還應“在決策之前減少情緒干擾”,或者在面臨重大決策時(shí),要留出一段時(shí)間來(lái)考慮,而不能讓自己被當下的情緒所左右。最后我們必須做好“出錯的準備”,因為有很大可能我們確實(shí)會(huì )犯錯。
希思兄弟很有說(shuō)服力地指出,糟糕的決策機制隨處可見(jiàn)。以招聘 面試 為例。當前的通行做法不是讓候選人嘗試執行招聘方希望他們 入職 后履行的具體任務(wù),而是讓候選人坐在一間屋子里,通過(guò)提問(wèn)來(lái)判斷他們是否具備履行職責的能力。書(shū)中寫(xiě)道,“想象一下,假如美國奧運會(huì )田徑隊的教練在篩選參加4x100接力賽的隊員時(shí)使用了兩種測試 方法 。其一是讓運動(dòng)員在跑道上比賽誰(shuí)跑得更快。其二是在一間會(huì )議室里面試運動(dòng)員,以判斷他回答問(wèn)題的方式是否像個(gè)飛毛腿。”
希思兄弟表示,人們還經(jīng)常過(guò)于倉促地做出決定。而我們真正應當做的是,在做出決策并貫徹執行之前進(jìn)行一些小試驗,以檢驗自己的想法是否正確。
希思兄弟書(shū)中的許多觀(guān)點(diǎn),與哈佛商學(xué)院(Harvard Business School)教授弗朗西斯卡•吉諾(Francesca Gino)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)相呼應。吉諾在《偏離:決策為何脫軌,以及如何貫徹既定方案》(Sidetracked: Why Our Decisions Get Derailed, and How We Can Stick to the Plan)一書(shū)中寫(xiě)道,假如我們能夠意識到自身決策所受到的各種奇怪影響,我們就能更好地掌控它們。
例如,絕大多數人傾向于高估自身的才干和能力。如果讓我們給自己的素質(zhì)打分,包括決策能力以及外表吸引力等多個(gè)方面,絕大多數人會(huì )認為自身條件高于平均水平。我們眼中的自己好于我們的實(shí)際表現。諸如此類(lèi)的心理傾向正是妨礙我們做出正確決定的罪魁禍首。
相對于免費得到的意見(jiàn),我們更傾向于聽(tīng)從付費以后得到的建議,不論這些觀(guān)點(diǎn)本身的質(zhì)量如何。為了獲得建議而付費的行為使我們變得更加容易輕信,這一事實(shí)被要價(jià)高昂的咨詢(xún)師們加以利用。
但是一旦你理解了人類(lèi)心理的這些傾向,你就可以利用它們來(lái)說(shuō)服別人。賓館現已發(fā)現,在告知賓客其他人也在重復使用毛巾的情況下,毛巾的使用率比僅僅提示賓客重復使用毛巾有利于保護環(huán)境時(shí)要高出不少。
對于我們認為其他人希望我們會(huì )做的事情,我們總是傾向于做得更多,不論是好事還是壞事。在某些情況下,模仿我們所信任和尊敬的人完全合理。但實(shí)驗所揭示出的令人擔憂(yōu)的事實(shí)是,即使我們發(fā)現自己與他人之間僅僅存在極小的相似性,且不論與我們當前的決策是否相關(guān),都會(huì )影響到我們的行為方式。如果我們發(fā)現某人的出生月份或者名字與我們相同,我們模仿此人行為的概率都會(huì )上升。挖掘共同點(diǎn),不論多么牽強,是每個(gè)優(yōu)秀推銷(xiāo)員都知道的小技巧。
與希思兄弟類(lèi)似,吉諾教授針對決策偏差提出的解決方案是——淡化個(gè)人色彩,使決策過(guò)程客觀(guān)化。我們必須注意控制自己的情緒,通過(guò)不斷采納他人建議來(lái)調整我們看問(wèn)題的視角,豐富我們的選擇空間,并且從當事另一方的角度看問(wèn)題。我們需要探尋自己信息偏倚和心理偏見(jiàn)的根源。我們還必須不斷思考一個(gè)決策是否能被重構以實(shí)現我們的目標。
吉諾教授舉了1912年西奧多•羅斯福(Theodore Roosevelt)競選團隊負責人的例子。當時(shí)競選團隊印制了300萬(wàn)份附有一張羅斯福照片的手冊,但這張照片本身卻未獲得攝影師授權。負責人沒(méi)有把自己放在聽(tīng)憑攝影師擺布的地位,而是給對方發(fā)去了一封電報,聲稱(chēng):“我們計劃發(fā)放幾百萬(wàn)份封面印有羅斯福照片的小冊子。對于入選圖片的工作室而言,這將是一個(gè)提高知名度的大好機會(huì )。如果我們選擇你所拍攝的照片,你愿意付給我們多少錢(qián)?請盡快回復。”興高采烈的攝影師回電表示愿意支付250美元。問(wèn)題經(jīng)過(guò)了重構,并得到了圓滿(mǎn)的結果。
丹尼斯•巴基(Dennis Bakke)是Imagine Schools的聯(lián)合創(chuàng )始人以及美國愛(ài)依斯電力公司(AES)的前任首席執行官。巴基認為,決策權的下放是一種很有力的管理方法。絕大多數時(shí)候管理層都把決策權牢牢攥在手中,因為他們覺(jué)得這樣才與自己的地位和薪酬水平相符。但在他最新的商業(yè)**《決策者》(The Decision Maker)中,他指出應讓公司上下更多的人參與到?jīng)Q策過(guò)程中來(lái)。
巴基將**的背景設在一家老式制造企業(yè)。公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況僅夠勉強維持,工人們對自己的工作感到毫無(wú)樂(lè )趣。當新任管理層安裝了一臺彈珠游戲機以提升士氣時(shí),雇員們紛紛暗中偷笑。
新任管理層隨后決定采取一項大膽舉措:放棄自身的決策權,并引入被巴基稱(chēng)為是“決策者流程”的機制。按照該流程,當一個(gè)問(wèn)題出現時(shí),一家機構的**必須首先決定將由誰(shuí)來(lái)做出決策。所選的“決策者”必須是熟悉該問(wèn)題并且了解其背景的人。如果問(wèn)題與某個(gè)制造環(huán)節有關(guān),那么決策者就應是每天與該環(huán)節打交道的人,而非某位從不下到生產(chǎn)車(chē)間的高高在上的經(jīng)理。
接下來(lái),被選中的決策者必須征求其他人意見(jiàn),以確保所作決策能夠得到事實(shí)證據以及多種視角的支持。最終,決策者必須做出決定。
按照巴基的描述,這套流程的實(shí)施過(guò)程可以說(shuō)得上是驚心動(dòng)魄。經(jīng)理們一想到將要失去控制權就感到害怕。而突然被賦予了如此重大的責任則讓員工們感到頭暈目眩。但隨著(zhù)時(shí)間的推移,這一機制使員工形成了更強的主人翁意識,更愿意與人分享知識,并最終提高了決策的質(zhì)量。
以上三位作者都提到了共同的一點(diǎn):在我們的生活和工作中都有需要優(yōu)先完成的核心事務(wù),我們所做的決策決定了我們是將實(shí)現目標還是失敗。好消息是,改進(jìn)決策流程是我們每一個(gè)人都能做到的事。(譯者/馬拉)
版權聲明: 本站僅提供信息存儲空間服務(wù),旨在傳遞更多信息,不擁有所有權,不承擔相關(guān)法律責任,不代表本網(wǎng)贊同其觀(guān)點(diǎn)和對其真實(shí)性負責。如因作品內容、版權和其它問(wèn)題需要同本網(wǎng)聯(lián)系的,請發(fā)送郵件至 舉報,一經(jīng)查實(shí),本站將立刻刪除。