metastatic是什么意思,metastatic中文翻譯,metastatic發(fā)音、用法及例句
?metastatic
metastatic發(fā)音
英:[?met?'st?t?k] 美:[?met?'st?t?k]
英: 美:
metastatic中文意思翻譯
轉移性的
metastatic詞形變化
動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數: metastasizes | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式: metastasized | 動(dòng)詞現在分詞: metastasizing | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞: metastasized |
metastatic常見(jiàn)例句
1 、The metastatic rate of LNs in the lateral ligament and in the mesorectum for tumors below the peritoneal reflection were 11.8% and 12.5%.───側方淋巴結轉移率為11.8%,腹膜返折下直腸周?chē)的ち馨徒Y轉移率為12.5%。
2 、I am fairly certain that the cause of death was metastatic breast cancer.─── 我基本可以確定死因是 乳腺癌轉移
3 、Metastatic cells shown to arise from pre-existing subpopulations in primary tumors.───發(fā)現轉移細胞來(lái)自于原發(fā)腫瘤中既存的細胞亞群。
4 、Of the 12 patients, 11 exhibited other metastatic diseases, which were diagnosed radiologically or pathologically at the time of skin biopsy.───12位病人中有11位病人在接受皮膚切片或細針抽吸時(shí),已有遠端轉移。
5 、Analysis of synchronous metastatic liver cancer of colorectal cancer for risk factors.───大腸癌同期肝轉移危險因素的分析。
6 、The detection rate of metastatic lymph nodes in Dukes A,B and C was(4.7%)(3/64),16.8%(28/167) and 70.4%(159/226) distinctively by immunohistochemistry.───Dukes A、B和C期轉移淋巴結的檢出率分別是4.7%(3/64)、16.8%(28/167)和70.4%(159/226)。
7 、Ribs were the most frequent metastatic sites,vertebras,pelvis,bone of limbs,scapulae,skulls,sternum and clavicles were the next.───2%,發(fā)生骨轉移最常見(jiàn)的部位為肋骨,其次為脊椎骨、盆骨、四肢骨、肩胛骨、顱骨和胸鎖骨。
8 、Right, so you would also know that we typically like to treat metastatic patients very aggressively.─── 好 那你也知道 我們通常要對轉移性腫瘤病人 進(jìn)行侵略性治療
9 、For single site of bone metastatic cancer pain, the response rate of radiotherapy group is 95.7%, while the Bonin group is 73.3% (P───單發(fā)骨轉移癌痛病灶放療組與博寧組止痛有效率分別為 95 .7%和 73.3% (P
10 、No more metastatic sites could be found elsewhere.───回轉移部位特殊,故提出報告。
11 、The pattern of smaller nodules which have a propensity for upper lobe involvement suggests a granulomatous process rather than metastatic disease.───小結節經(jīng)常向肺上葉發(fā)展說(shuō)明肉芽腫過(guò)程,而不是腫瘤轉移。
12 、CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus combined radical surgery can resect the primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes maximally.───可以最大限度地切除腫瘤及轉移淋巴結。
13 、No concurrent scalp DFSP was identified when the neck metastatic lesion was found.───當時(shí)頭皮并無(wú)腫瘤。
14 、Breast carcinoma patients with positive expression of HER2 had higher metastatic rate(P───HER2蛋白**表達的乳腺癌轉移率高(P
15 、Some cancers have limited invasiveness and metastatic potential, for instance, whereas others spread quickly to distant organs.───舉例來(lái)說(shuō),有些人的癌細胞侵略性和轉移力較低,有些人的癌癥很快就**到其他器官。
16 、Surgical resection of the mass both demonstrated a metastatic thymic lesion and ameliorated the patient's quality of life.───外科手術(shù)切除術(shù)雙側腫瘤表明是轉移性胸腺瘤,并改善了患者的生活質(zhì)量。
17 、On the other hand, metastatic melanoma is quite common in cases of deeply invasive malignant melanoma of skin and, sometimes, mucous membrane.───另一方面,在皮膚和粘膜惡黑深部浸潤時(shí),轉移是常見(jiàn)的。
18 、Of the 161 MPA cases, 152 were primary tumors, 7 were recurrent tumors, and 2 were cervical lymph node metastatic tumors.───161例MPA中,152例為原發(fā)性腫瘤、7例為局部復發(fā)性腫瘤、2例為腫瘤頸淋巴結轉移灶。
19 、Seen over the surface of the epicardium are pale white-tan nodules of metastatic tumor.───在心外膜的表面可見(jiàn)灰白色轉移性腫瘤結節。
20 、Heparanase resides in metastatic malignant tumor cell generally.───**肝素酶普遍存在于轉移性惡性腫瘤細胞中。
21 、Objective To study the histological and immunohistochemical features of primary and metastatic ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma.───摘要目的探討卵巢原發(fā)性黏液性腺癌與轉移性黏液性腺癌的組織學(xué)和免疫組織化學(xué)特點(diǎn)。
22 、Almost all metastatic lesions from thymomas invade adjacent organs or spread along the pleura or pericardium.───摘要幾乎從胸腺腫瘤轉移來(lái)的病灶都會(huì )侵入鄰近的器官或沿著(zhù)肋膜或心包膜散布。
23 、Method 69 moderate or severe metastatic pain f lung cancer were randomized assigned to fentanyl treatment group and oral morphine treatment group.───方法69例中重度肺癌癌痛患者隨機分成芬太尼透皮貼劑組和口服硫酸嗎啡控釋片組,評價(jià)其療效和副反應。
24 、The speckled black rounded areas represent hilar lymph nodes with metastatic carcinoma.───斑點(diǎn)狀黑色圓形區域說(shuō)明存在肺門(mén)淋巴結轉移。
25 、Four patients with pathological stage T2 (1) and T3 (3) had metastatic disease at followup.───2例在隨訪(fǎng)中發(fā)現膀胱腫瘤是高分期。
26 、Here is so-called "metastatic calcification" in the lung of a patient with a very high serum calcium level (hypercalcemia).───左側動(dòng)脈壁發(fā)生鈣化,在粘膜下層也有不規則藍紫色鈣化灶。鈣化容易發(fā)生在受損組織。
27 、Capecitabine is already approved for use in colorectal cancer and metastatic breast cancer.───卡培他濱已被批準用于結腸直腸癌和乳腺轉移癌。
28 、MEM1 is an oncogene, and its upregulation influences metastatic potential.───MEM1是致癌基因,它的上調影響癌細胞轉移能力。
29 、In patients with malignant PNET, metastatic recurrence is not uncommon and will usually require additional multimodality therapy.───在患惡性PNET的病人中,轉移性復發(fā)并不少見(jiàn),此時(shí)通常需要多學(xué)科綜合治療。
30 、Metastatic tumors to gingival from non-oral malignancies are very uncommon.───摘要從非口腔部位的惡性腫瘤轉移至齒齦是非常罕見(jiàn)。
31 、Methods:Follow-up data of TACE in 28 aged patients with primary or metastatic liver cancer were retrospectively analysed.───方法:回顧性分析28例老年肝癌病人采用TACE治療的臨床隨訪(fǎng)資料。
32 、Carcinoid tumors can either be primary or metastatic and every case should be treated as the latter until a primary focus is found.───摘要類(lèi)癌可能是原發(fā)性或轉移性,每個(gè)病例應視為轉移性直到發(fā)現原發(fā)部位。
33 、Main body signs:enlargement of supraclavicular lymph nodes, metastatic carcinoma of bone and hydrothorax.───在鏡下按兩種腫瘤的任何一種必須占全部腫瘤的20%以上的標準診斷。
34 、The chance for palliation and long-term survival is greater with metastatic breast carcinoma than with any other late malignant disease.───乳腺轉移癌得到緩解和長(cháng)期生存的機會(huì )大于其它惡性腫瘤的轉移癌。
35 、BICC-C is a phase 3, metastatic colorectal cancer trial sponsored by Pfizer Inc.───BICC-C是一項第三期、由輝瑞藥廠(chǎng)贊助,針對轉移性直腸癌的臨床試驗。
36 、but this metastatic lesion extending through her diaphragm is causing most of her pain.─── 但她的疼痛主要來(lái)源于這個(gè) 穿透她橫膈膜的轉移病灶
37 、In clinical trials, it was found that trastuzumab could lengthen the survival of patients with both early-stage and metastatic breast cancer.───臨床試驗發(fā)現,賀癌平可延長(cháng)乳癌初期和后期轉移病患的壽命。
38 、Hemorrhagic pericarditis is most likely to occur with metastatic tumor and with tuberculosis (TB).───出血性心包炎最可能合并轉移性腫瘤和肺結核(TB)。
39 、Objective To explore the expression of mucin MUC5AC in primary and metastatic ovarian tumor and its clinical pathological significance.───摘要目的探討原發(fā)性和轉移性卵巢腫瘤中粘蛋白MUC5AC的表達及臨床病理意義。
40 、Metastatic skin signet-ring cell carcinoma originating from stomach or colon is rare.───摘要轉移性皮膚戒環(huán)細胞癌是很少見(jiàn)的,暗示他的來(lái)源可能是胃或是大腸。
41 、We are not days away from curing metastatic cancer.─── 我們離治愈轉移型癌癥還遠得很
42 、Deep myometrial invasion occured in 56 .2%of the cas es (9/19).62.5%had extrauterine disease(10/16).The rate of lymph node metastasi s was 62.5%(5/8).───56.2%的病例肌層浸潤深度超過(guò)1/2肌層(9/16),62.5%有宮外**(10/16),淋巴結轉移率62.5%(5/8),幾乎缺乏雌、孕激素受體。
43 、There were no metastatic lesions were found in other organs, such as lung, liver, spleen and kidney.───兩種細胞亞系均未見(jiàn)肺、肝、脾、腎等臟器轉移灶。
44 、or metastatic disease so a resection of the esophagus should render you cancerfree.─── 或轉移性疾病 因此切除食管 應該就能讓你的癌癥痊愈
45 、RFA offers an ideal and effective alternative for patients with inoperable metastatic bone tumors.───為臨床無(wú)法采用其他方法治療的骨腫瘤患者提供了一項有效的治療選擇。
46 、Biopsy of the nodule showed nests of clear tumor cells, suggesting metastatic renal cell carcinoma.───切片的結果顯示群集的明亮腫瘤細胞,讓人聯(lián)想到轉移來(lái)的腎細胞癌。
47 、Three patients had local recurrences and two eventually died of metastatic disease.───在3個(gè)復發(fā)的病例中,2例死亡。
48 、Based on radiographic and pathological findings of a biopsy of the fracture site, metastatic testicular cancer was confirmed.───基于骨折處之影像學(xué)及病理切片檢查確定為轉移之?丸癌。
49 、Skin manifestations of internal malignancy are divided to paraneoplastic dermatosis and metastatic tumors of skin.───內臟腫瘤的皮膚表現可以分為副腫瘤性皮膚病及皮膚轉移瘤。
50 、CONCLUSION Retinoic acid can effectively suppress the metastatic ability of gastric cancer cells in vivo and in vitro.───主題詞胃腫瘤;視黃酸;腫瘤轉移;腫瘤細胞,培養的
51 、Patients with regional metastatic lymph nodes in the chest 2 cm in the greatest dimension gave 5-year survivals of 40% and 0% (p───區域轉移性淋巴結2cm者,5年生存率分別為40%和0%。
52 、Internal 89 Sr radiotherapy combined with bonin is the first choice in treating metastatic bone pain.───89Sr內照射聯(lián)合博寧是目前治療轉移性骨痛的優(yōu)選方案 .
53 、The presentation concludes that Sorafenib dose escalation to 1200mg or 1600mg/day was achieved in 93% of patients with metastatic RCC.───總結索拉非尼劑量提升到1200毫克或者1600毫克每天是可以的對于有腎癌轉移的93%的病人。
54 、In addition, BAC skeleton metastatic, destroyed and widely spread, and mostly seen in rib and clavicular invasion.───另外,細支氣管肺泡癌骨骼轉移灶呈浸潤性破壞,分布較廣,以肋骨和鎖骨侵犯為多見(jiàn)。
55 、Radiation treatment of 60 patients with cervical lymph node metastatic squamous cell carcinoma from an unknown primary site.───60例原發(fā)灶不明的頸轉移性鱗癌的放射治療。
56 、A review of the current literature revealed no other cases of this uncommon alhistologic subtype of thymic carcinoma metastatic to the cranium.───對最新資料的回顧顯示沒(méi)有這種罕見(jiàn)胸腺癌顱內轉移的病例。
57 、Figure 17. Metastatic nodular deposits in a patient with oarian cancer.───圖17。一卵巢癌病人轉移性結節聚集。
58 、Also, RET mutations were found to be correlated with the persistence of the disease (both biochemical and metastatic).───并且,該研究發(fā)現RET基因突變與疾病的持續時(shí)間有相互關(guān)系(兼顧生化指標和轉移病灶)。
59 、It turned out to be metastatic renal cell carcinoma.───后來(lái)證明是腎細胞轉移癌。
60 、The solitary appearance of this neoplasm suggests that the tumor is primary rather than metastatic.───單個(gè)腫塊往往說(shuō)明是原發(fā)瘤,而不是轉移瘤。
61 、In patients with submucosal carcinoma, 8 had residual carcinoma at the EMR site at surgery and 5 patients had metastatic lymphadenopathy.───在黏膜下層癌患者中,8例在食管切除術(shù)中發(fā)現在EMR部位有腫瘤組織殘余,5例有遠處淋巴結轉移。
62 、Congestive heart failure and metastatic stage four non*allcell lung cancer.─── 充血性心力衰竭以及第四轉移階段 非小細胞肺癌
63 、Brenda is a 71yearold woman with, um...metastatic breast cancer.─── 布倫達是位七十一歲的老婦人 身患轉移性乳腺癌
64 、A bilateral orchiectomy was performed, and pathology examination demonstrated hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to the left testis.───患者接受了雙側睪丸切除手術(shù),組織病理檢查發(fā)現左側睪丸腫瘤是由肝癌轉移而來(lái)。
65 、Abstract:Objective To retrospectively evaluate the value of CT diagnostic in metastatic tumor of bladder.───摘要]目的:回顧性評價(jià)CT對膀胱外腫瘤侵及膀胱的診斷價(jià)值。
66 、The metastatic melanoma is seen here to be infiltrating into the myocardium.───圖示轉移性黑色素瘤浸潤到心肌。
67 、Neuroblastoma is the most common pediatric solid tumor metastatic to the eye.───摘要小兒的固體腫瘤中最常見(jiàn)轉移至眼睛的,是神經(jīng)母細胞瘤。
68 、I found a single metastatic mass all of it.─── 我發(fā)現你的腸道中 全切干凈了
69 、Both lungs will have innumerable metastatic foci and lymphangitic involvement.───雙側肺內出現無(wú)數的轉移病灶和淋巴管性播散。
70 、The high specificity of angiogram in diagnosis of primary and metastatic hepatic neopelasm is well documented.───摘要血管造影術(shù)于原發(fā)或轉移性肝臟腫瘤之診斷已被公認為具有相當高之特異性。
71 、HYPOTHESIS: For distant metastatic (M1) gastric adenocarcinoma, a policy to maximally aoid resection of the primary tumor is safe and efficacious.───前提:對于遠處轉移的胃腺癌(M1),最大程度避免切除原發(fā)腫瘤的原則是安全和有效的。
72 、Objective: Malignant melanoma is not an uncommon malignancy in the head and neck regions but metastatic malanoma in the parotid was very rare.───摘要目的:惡性黑色素瘤是頭頸部常見(jiàn)的惡性腫瘤,腮腺內原發(fā)灶不明的轉移性惡性黑色素瘤非常少見(jiàn)。
73 、Metastatic carcinoma of skin and subcutaneous tissue.───基底細胞癌。五、皮膚及皮下組織轉移性癌。
74 、There was no remarkable difference between primary site and metastatic lymph node in the patients with brest cancer.───在一組原發(fā)部位和淋巴結轉移性乳腺癌配對標本中,CD_(15)表達無(wú)明顯差異性。
75 、Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between the expressionof heparanase gene and the metastatic activity of lung cancer.───文摘:目的探討肝素酶基因表達與肺癌轉移的關(guān)系。
76 、The treatment of EPP for lung metastatic tumors was not satisfactory and should be avoided.───EPP治療肺部多發(fā)轉移瘤效果不好,不應提倡。
77 、The most common distant metastatic sites from hypopharyngeal carcinoma are the lung, liver and bone.───摘要下咽癌最常見(jiàn)的遠處轉移為肺、肝及骨骼。
78 、Objective To explore the effect on immunological roles of peritoneal macrophages caused by murine hepatoma cells with different metastatic ability.───摘要 目的 研究轉移程度不同的小鼠肝癌細胞株對腹腔巨噬細胞功能的影響。
79 、The Use Of A Whey Protein Concentrate In The Treatment Of Patients With Metastatic Carcinoma: A Phase I-II Clinical Study.───以乳漿蛋白濃縮物治療轉移性惡性腫瘤:第一、二期臨床研究。
80 、Most metastatic cancers are incurable. But most also are treatable. Chemotherapy drugs, radiation and other treatments can extend a patient's life.───大多晚期的癌癥難以治愈,但是有很多也是可以治愈的?;?,放療和其他療法都能延長(cháng)患者的生命。
81 、With metabolic image ofPET and anatomic image of CT, 18F-FDG PET-CT is avery useful method in diagnosing metastatic cervicallymph nodes.───18F-FDGPET-CT結合PET提供腫瘤代謝圖像,CT提供解剖圖像,在頸淋巴結轉移癌的診斷及監測復發(fā)方面具有較大的臨床價(jià)值。
82 、Bonin used alone are effective to relieve the pain of metastatic cancer of bone.───博寧單獨使用與博寧聯(lián)合化療治療骨轉移的疼痛均具有良好的止痛效果。
83 、On CT scan, the tumor extension, laryngeal cartilage destruction and metastatic lymph nodes were investigated.───按雙盲法根據CT征象進(jìn)行分期并與手術(shù)病理結果對照分析。
84 、A cerebellopontin angle (CPA) metastatic tumor from colon cancer is extremely rare.───摘要結腸癌轉移到小腦橋腦角相當罕見(jiàn)。
85 、For the numbers of metastatic foci, MLD RIT group have also less than both control group and SHD group (P───多次小劑量RIT組肺轉移結節數明顯低于對照組和單次組(P
86 、What is unique is having an aggressive metastatic cancer start to disappear without any rational explanation.─── 不尋常的 是侵略性的轉移癌 毫無(wú)緣由地開(kāi)始消失
87 、HRCT sho wed clearly internal low density and perifocal indentation sign for metastatic n odules.───HRCT掃描對肺癌肺轉移性結節的顯示明顯高于普通CT,HRCT清楚顯示結節邊緣菱角征和內部低密度環(huán)征。
88 、Surgical resection at 15th day after implantation, multiple low-dose RIT groups gained longer life-span and less metastatic nodules than others.───二、接種后第15天手術(shù),分次小劑量5組、化療組比單次大劑量RIT組及對照組小鼠生存期延長(cháng),肺轉移結節數減少,分次小劑量RIT優(yōu)于化療。
89 、Two important differential diagnoses exist in this direction - metastatic melanoma and metastatic small cell (or neuroendocrine) carcinoma.───兩種重要的鑒別診斷是:轉移性黑色素瘤和轉移性小細胞(或神經(jīng)內分泌)癌。
卡培他濱的藥品使用
每日2,500mg/m2,連用兩周,休息一周。每日總劑量分早晚兩次于飯后半小時(shí)用水吞服。如病情繼續惡化或產(chǎn)生不能耐受的毒性時(shí)應停止治療。
Tablets Metastatic breast cancer. 2,500 mg/m2/day in two divided doses about 12 hr apart at the end of a meal for 2 weeks. Follow by a 1-week rest period (i.e., 3-week cycles).
希羅達所引起的毒性有時(shí)需要做對癥處理或對劑量進(jìn)行調整(停藥或減量)。一旦減量,以后不能再增加劑量。
以下是對毒性進(jìn)行劑量調整時(shí)的推薦劑量(根據加拿大國家癌癥研究所制定的常見(jiàn)毒性標準)。
1級、2級:
第一次出現:停止治療,直到恢復至0-1級水平時(shí),按維持劑量的100%進(jìn)行下一療程治療。
第二次出現:停止治療,直到恢復至0-1級水平時(shí),按維持劑量的75%進(jìn)行下一療程治療。
第三次出現:停止治療,直到恢復至0-1級水平時(shí),按維持劑量的50%進(jìn)行下一療程治療。
第四次出現:永久停止治療。
3級:
第一次出現:停止治療,直到恢復至0-1級水平時(shí),按維持劑量的75%進(jìn)行下一療程治療。
第二次出現:停止治療,直到恢復至0-1級水平時(shí),按維持劑量的50%進(jìn)行下一療程治療。
第三次出現:永久停止治療。
4級:
永久停止治療。
如停藥后需繼續治療,則應考慮到病人的最大益處,且在毒性癥狀恢復至0-1級水平時(shí)以推薦劑量的50%進(jìn)行使用。
國外多中心臨床研究 (J.L.Blum等,J.Clin Oncol 17:485,1999)
·晚期乳腺癌病人162例, 過(guò)去化療(包括紫杉醇)失敗
·口服希羅達2510mg/m2/日,連續2周,休1周,每3周重復,共6周期
·結果:CR3例,PR24例,總有效率20%,中位緩解時(shí)間241天,中位TTP93天,MST384天
·主要不良反應(III--IV度):手足綜合征9.9%,腹瀉14.2%,粘膜炎4.3%。 主要目的:評價(jià)希羅達對中國晚期乳腺癌患者第二線(xiàn)化療的總有效率
次要目的:評價(jià)希羅達對中國晚期乳腺癌患者第二線(xiàn)化療的安全性和病人對希羅達的耐受性
治療方法
本項研究為開(kāi)放的、多中心的非對照試驗。入選的乳腺癌患者使用希羅達單藥治療,每日2510mg/m2,分早晚兩次餐后口服,用溫開(kāi)水送服。連續服用14日停藥7日為一個(gè)療程,要求患者至少用藥2療程,CR、PR、SD患者要求用藥4療程。
本項研究包括在生活能夠自理的門(mén)診患者中進(jìn)行,必須告知患者,如出現不良反應應暫時(shí)停藥并及時(shí)與醫生取得聯(lián)系以決定進(jìn)一步處理。 按WHO的療效評價(jià)標準
本項研究為開(kāi)放的、多中心的非對照試驗。入選的乳腺癌患者使用希羅達單藥治療,每日2510mg/m2,分早晚兩次餐后口服,用溫開(kāi)水送服。連續服用14日停藥7日為一個(gè)療程,要求患者至少用藥2療程,CR、PR、SD患者要求用藥4療程。
本項研究包括在生活能夠自理的門(mén)診患者中進(jìn)行,必須告知患者,如出現不良反應應暫時(shí)停藥并及時(shí)與醫生取得聯(lián)系以決定進(jìn)一步處理。
試驗結論
1.試用希羅達2510mg/m2/日分早晚兩次口服,連服14日,停藥7日為1個(gè)周期,至少用藥2周期治療71例中國晚期二線(xiàn)乳腺癌患者,67例可評價(jià)療效,結果按ITT評價(jià),經(jīng)4周后復查證實(shí)的總有效率為32.39%。與國外臨床試驗報告療效相似或稍高。證實(shí)本品可作為經(jīng)阿霉素、紫杉醇等常規治療失敗后用于治療晚期乳腺癌的有效藥物。
2.本品主要不良反應為手足綜合癥,惡心嘔吐,白細胞下降等。還有些患者可發(fā)生腹瀉。大多數患者不良反應較輕為I-II度,但少數患者亦 可發(fā)生嚴重不良反應。本 品應在對腫瘤化療有經(jīng)驗 的專(zhuān)科醫師密切觀(guān)察下使用。
3.建議本品可同意在中國上市使用。 肝功能不全:
對肝轉移引起的輕度至中度肝功能不全的病人所進(jìn)行的希羅達藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)研究表明,無(wú)需對這類(lèi)病人做劑量調整。
腎功能不全:
尚未對腎功能不全者(指血清肌酐)進(jìn)行希羅達藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)研究。
兒童:
尚未在兒童中進(jìn)行希羅達的療效與安全性研究。老年人:無(wú)須作劑量調整。但在老年人(65歲以上)比年輕人更易對卡培他濱產(chǎn)生毒性,故應對其進(jìn)行密切監測。
妊娠及哺乳婦女:
尚未在妊娠婦女中進(jìn)行希羅達臨床研究,但必須要考慮到如果在這類(lèi)病人中使用希羅達,可能會(huì )引起胎兒損傷。動(dòng)物實(shí)驗表明卡培他濱能導致胎兒死亡或畸形。這些發(fā)現預示卡培他濱衍生物也具有這種作用,因此不能在妊娠婦女中使用希羅達。如在妊娠期間使用希羅達,或在使用希羅達期間發(fā)生妊娠時(shí),必須考慮到該藥對胎兒損傷或致畸的潛在危險性。生育期婦女使用希羅達時(shí)必須采取**措施。
盡管尚不知希羅達是否能分泌于奶液中,但由于許多藥物能在奶液中分泌而有對哺乳的嬰兒造成嚴重副反應的潛在危險性,因此建議使用希羅達的婦女停止授乳。 希羅達的副反應較少,以下情況可能與之有關(guān):
消化系統:希羅達最常見(jiàn)的副反應為可逆性胃腸道反應,如腹瀉、惡心、嘔吐、腹痛、胃炎等。
嚴重的(3-4級)副反應相對少見(jiàn)。
皮膚:在幾乎一半使用希羅達的病人中發(fā)生手足綜合征:表現為麻木、感覺(jué)遲鈍、感覺(jué)異常、麻刺感、無(wú)痛感或疼痛感,皮膚腫脹或紅斑,脫屑、水泡或嚴重的疼痛。皮炎和脫發(fā)較常見(jiàn),但嚴重者很少見(jiàn)。
一般不良反應:常有疲乏但嚴重者極少見(jiàn)。其他常見(jiàn)的副反應為粘膜炎、發(fā)熱、虛弱、嗜睡等,但均不嚴重。
神經(jīng)系統:頭痛、感覺(jué)異常、味覺(jué)障礙、眩暈、失眠等較常見(jiàn),但嚴重者少見(jiàn)。
心血管系統:下肢水腫較輕且不常見(jiàn)。尚未見(jiàn)其他心血管系統副作用。
血液系統:中性粒細胞減少且少見(jiàn)也不嚴重,貧血極少見(jiàn)也不嚴重。
其他:厭食及脫水常見(jiàn),但重者極少見(jiàn)。 希羅達與大量藥物合用,如抗組胺藥,NSAIDs,嗎啡,撲熱息痛,阿斯匹林,止吐藥,H2受體拮抗劑等,未見(jiàn)具有臨床意義的副作用。
蛋白結合:卡培他濱與血清蛋白結合率較低(64%)通過(guò)置換與能蛋白緊密結合的藥物發(fā)生相互作用的可能性尚無(wú)法預測。
與細胞色素P450酶間的相互作用:在體外實(shí)驗中,未發(fā)現卡培他濱對人類(lèi)肝微粒體P450酶產(chǎn)生影響。
neoplasm與tumor有何區別
neoplasm與tumor區別如下:
1、發(fā)音不同。
(1)neoplasm:英[ˈni(ː)əʊplæzm];美[ˈniəˌplæzəm];
(2)tumor:英['tjuːmə(r)]; 美['tumər];
2、意思不同。
(1)neoplasm作為名詞有贅生物,(腫)瘤;腫瘤;新生物的意思,強調這個(gè)東西是新鮮發(fā)現的病癥。
(2)tumor作為名詞有瘤;腫瘤;腫塊的意思,強調的是這個(gè)東西是腫塊病癥。
3、詞組搭配不同。
neoplasm:
(1)liverneoplasms肝腫瘤;
(2)stomachneoplasms胃腫瘤;
(3)malignantneoplasm惡性腫瘤。
tumor:
(1)pituitarytumor垂體腫瘤,垂體瘤
(2)yolksactumor卵黃囊瘤;卵巢內胚層竇瘤
(3)benigntumor良性瘤;
(4)metastatictumor轉移瘤。
擴展資料:
這兩個(gè)詞的近似詞有tumour;
tumour(美亦作tumor)作為名詞,意思是:瘤;腫瘤;腫塊;
強調人或動(dòng)物身體某部位因病變而長(cháng)出且迅速增大的腫塊。
例句:Thedoctordiagnosedthetumourasbenign.
翻譯:醫生認為這個(gè)腫塊是良性的。
百度翻譯-tumor
百度翻譯-neoplasm
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