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ligation是什么意思,ligation中文翻譯,ligation發(fā)音、用法及例句

2025-06-20 投稿

ligation是什么意思,ligation中文翻譯,ligation發(fā)音、用法及例句

?ligation

ligation發(fā)音

英:[la??ɡe???n]  美:[la??ɡe??n]

英:  美:

ligation中文意思翻譯

n. 結扎

ligation詞形變化

動(dòng)詞現在分詞: ligating | 動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數: ligates | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式: ligated | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞: ligated |

ligation常見(jiàn)例句

1 、Methods:Clinical data of treatment group(PPH) and control group(external dissection and internal ligation) were analyzed retrospectively.───方法:回顧性分析治療組(PPH)和對照組(外剝內扎)的臨床資料。

2 、They're about to ligate the vessels and remove the kidney.─── 他們馬上要結扎血管 摘取腎臟了

3 、Methods 71 patients with varicose veins of lower extremity(94 legs)were treated with endovenous laser combined with high ligation in the epidural anesthesia.───方法下肢靜脈曲張71例94條腿,全部在硬膜外**下行高位結扎靜脈主干和曲張靜脈團激光治療。

4 、The doctor will do an endoscopic examination and esophageal variceal ligation treatment soon.───中譯)醫生很快將做個(gè)內視鏡檢查和食道靜脈結扎術(shù)治療。

5 、We'll need to separate out and ligate both arteries.─── 我們需要把兩條動(dòng)脈分開(kāi)并結扎

6 、Methods: to perform emergent endoscopic ligation in 138 cirrhosis patients with esophageal varices bleeding in a state of emergency and observe the hemostatic effect.───方法:對138例肝硬化食管靜脈曲張出血患者在急診狀態(tài)下緊急內鏡套扎,觀(guān)察止血效果。

7 、A portion of Ligation products were identified by BamHI and Hin-dIII restriction endonuclease and was named pUC - B2 - AR.───2·PMCX-p。 -AR反義表達載體的酶切鑒定,其結果與理論設計完全相符。

8 、Methods Animal model was produced by ligation of the left coronary artery through left thoracotomy, after anaesthesia and oral trachea cannula.───方法大鼠**后,經(jīng)口腔**管連通動(dòng)物呼吸機,開(kāi)胸結扎其冠狀動(dòng)脈。

9 、Methods Liferatures about celiac axis ligation were reviewed retrospectively.───方法收集和回顧有關(guān)腹腔干結扎的相關(guān)文獻。

10 、Objective To investigate the clinical application value of punctuated ligation of mucous membrane of upper haemorrhoid for treatment of severe haemorrhoids.───摘要目的探討痔上粘膜點(diǎn)狀結扎術(shù)治療重度痔病的臨床應用價(jià)值。

11 、Objective To evaluate the short-and long-term efficacy of esophageal variceal ligation (EVL) in combination with Octreotide and Omeprazole for esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB).───摘要目的觀(guān)察食管靜脈套扎術(shù)(EVL)聯(lián)合奧曲肽、奧美拉唑治療食管靜脈曲張破裂出血(EVB)的近遠期效果。

12 、Need a ligating suture on the splenic artery while I make the cut.─── 在我切開(kāi)時(shí) 得用縫線(xiàn)結扎脾動(dòng)脈

13 、Methods The high ligation was performed in 11 cases of children cirsocele.───方法精索近內環(huán)處高位結扎。

14 、The chronic myocardial infarction models were made by the ligation of the far end of the left anterior descending coronary ...───四川大學(xué)華西醫院生物治療國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗室.干細胞與組織工程研究室四川瀘州;

15 、Compared with group C,CCI rats exhibited lower mechanical pain thresholds on the 7th and the 14th day after nerve ligation(P───7d組及14d組大鼠術(shù)后機械痛閾均明顯低于假手術(shù)組(P

16 、Methods Seventy-two cases of traumatic rupture of spleen received splenic artery ligation,gastrocolic omentum plugging and suture and repair of rupture.───方法對72例外傷性脾破裂采用脾動(dòng)脈結扎及大網(wǎng)膜填塞脾破裂口縫合修補治療。

17 、Method: MEBO gauze was applied for treating wounds post ligation injection of mixed hemorrhoid.Rivanolwas used in the control group.───方法:運用MEBO紗條外敷治療混合痔結扎注射術(shù)后創(chuàng )面,以雷伏奴爾紗條作為對照,觀(guān)察兩組愈合時(shí)間與止痛效果。

18 、Methods:Gastric ulcer model was prepared by water immersion,pylorus ligation,acetic acid damage and Reserpine injection.───方法:采用水浸應激、幽門(mén)結扎、利血平誘發(fā)及乙酸損傷等方法造成急慢性胃潰瘍模型,觀(guān)察藥物對這些模型的影響。

19 、It's an easier method to divide and ligate it like that.─── 這種方法更容易分離并縫合

20 、Although the vertebral collateral circulation is generally abundant, in rare instances ligation of all lumbar vessels has produced spinal ischemia and paralysis.───盡管一般來(lái)說(shuō),脊椎的側支循環(huán)還是很豐富的,但在少數情況下,如果把所有的腰血管結扎就會(huì )出現脊椎缺血和癱瘓。

21 、Methods Fixation by Kirschner?s wire,transfixion ligation in the form of “8” and suturing ligament and muscle after replacement of the dislocation of aromioclavicular joint.───方法肩鎖關(guān)節脫位整復后克氏針固定、絲線(xiàn)8字形貫穿結扎、韌帶肌肉縫合三重加固修復。

22 、Methods The appendix was inverted into the ileocecum cavity at the root of mesoappendix after ligation and cut.───方法結扎、切斷闌尾系膜及其血管和闌尾根部,剔除闌尾周?chē)?用鈍頭探針從闌尾盲端緩慢將其內翻于回盲部腸腔內。

23 、Increasingly, gynecologists are offering a newer type of tubal ligation that is nonsurgical.───婦產(chǎn)科醫師越來(lái)越多實(shí)行了一個(gè)更新型非手術(shù)的輸卵管結扎手術(shù)。

24 、Methods Neonatal dogs were performed bile duct ligation (BDL group, n=22) or bile duct ligation/scission (BDL/S group, n=22).───方法對新生雜種幼犬進(jìn)行膽總管雙重結扎(膽管結扎組,n=22)或雙重結扎并加以切斷(膽管切斷組,n=22),建立膽管阻塞性肝纖維化模型。

25 、That the only reason he can't have children is because his wife underwent a tubal ligation.─── 是因為他妻子做過(guò)輸卵管結扎手術(shù) 還去告訴他是他自己不能生育

26 、Methods: Using tension-band wire ring ligation with internal fixation method and the medial patella curved incision to cure 35 cases of patellar fracture,comminuted fracture.───方法對35例髕骨粉碎性骨折及下極骨折,取髕骨內側弧形切口,采用張力帶結合鋼絲環(huán)扎內固定方法。

27 、Among them DR4 and DR5 contain death domains (DD) in their cytoplasmic region and can mediate cell apoptosis upon ligation with membrane form TRAIL or soluble TRAIL.───DR4和DR5胞漿區具死亡結構域(Deathdomain,DD),與TRAIL結合后可介導細胞凋亡。

28 、It can be treated with endovascular embolization or surgical ligation if an active bleeder can be identified.───假如可找到快速出血點(diǎn),它可經(jīng)由血管內栓塞或外科結綁手術(shù)治療。

29 、Endovenous Laser Therapy and High Ligation Treatment of Superficial Varicosities in Lower Limbs[J].───引用該論文 任培土,魯葆春,阮新賢,林凌,唐黎明,馮剛,徐關(guān)根,方興良.

30 、Methods Area of ulcer, gastric juice volume, acidity and pepsin output were measured on experimental gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid, stress and pyloric ligation in rats.───方法用醋酸性胃潰瘍、應急性胃潰瘍及幽門(mén)結扎性胃潰瘍模型測定甘草酸鉍鉀對潰瘍面積、胃液量、胃液酸度和胃蛋白酶的影響。

31 、Surgical ligation of the aneurysm was performed on the next day.───因此在發(fā)病次日進(jìn)行血管瘤結扎手術(shù)。

32 、Methods:Four spontaneous chy-lothorax cases who confirmed by laboratory,imagination and nucleus exam were treated with thoracic duct ligation and pleurodesis by VATS.───方法4例經(jīng)臨床、實(shí)驗室、影像學(xué)及核醫學(xué)檢查確診的非創(chuàng )傷性乳糜胸,經(jīng)電視胸腔鏡行胸導管結扎及胸膜固定術(shù)。

33 、Methods Sixty-Six limbs in 46 patients (28 males and 18 females) underwent endovenous laser +high ligation therapy.───方法下肢靜脈曲張患者46例,男性28例,女性18例,共66條患肢接受腔內激光治療結合高位結扎術(shù)。

34 、Methods Splenectomy or ligation of splenic artery and disjunction of vena coronaria ventriculi were performed after completion of hepatic-tumour excision.───方法肝腫瘤切除手術(shù)完成后,再行脾切除或脾動(dòng)脈結扎、胃冠狀靜脈離斷術(shù)。

35 、Methods Healthy, male SD rats were divided into three groups: a DGR group, a pylorus ligation group and a control group.───方法 健康、雄性SD大鼠分成 3組 :DGR組、結扎幽門(mén)組和對照組。

36 、Methods HIE was induced in rats on 7th day of postnatal age by ligation of right common carotid artery,followed by 2 h of hypoxia(80 mL/L O2).───方法新生鼠HIE模型為7日齡新生鼠,結扎右側頸總動(dòng)脈,在缺氧環(huán)境下(氧體積分數為80 mL/L)放置2 h。

37 、In the second group,miniplate osteosynthesis and intermaxillary ligation were performed in 30 patients.───在咬合關(guān)系、張口度的恢復及體重改變方面存在明顯差異。

38 、Among the 17 cases of bladder injuries, 12 occurred during tubal ligation, 3 during cesarean section, and 2 in myomectomy.───在膀胱損傷的17例中,節育術(shù)損傷12例,剖宮產(chǎn)損傷3例,子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)損傷2例。

39 、Method The data of 5 patients with the AVFs, who had been not cured by ligation of the extremities of the involved arteries proximal to the heart, were retrospectively analysed.───方法分析5例頭頸部動(dòng)靜脈瘺病人,采用瘺近心端動(dòng)脈結扎后,而未能治愈的教訓,改用正確的方法后而治愈。

40 、Um, finished ligating the bleeders, so we're all set up here.─── 我把出血點(diǎn)結扎了 我們這里都完成了

41 、The effect of endoscopicvariceal ligation combined with Octreotide or Pituitrin in the treatment of esophageal varices bleeding issatisfactory.───內鏡下結扎術(shù)聯(lián)合奧曲肽或垂體后葉素治療食管靜脈曲張破裂出血止血效果確切;

42 、Of 4 patients with cystic duct residue leakage, 1 case drainage during operation, 1 case ligation by opernning operation, 2 cases T duct drainage.───4例膽囊管殘端漏,1例術(shù)中留置腹腔引流管,1例開(kāi)腹手術(shù)重新結扎膽囊管,2例行開(kāi)腹膽道探查、T管引流。

43 、Methods Rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established with ligation method and GTW administered by gastric tube.───方法用線(xiàn)栓法建立大鼠腦缺血再灌注動(dòng)物模型,灌胃法給藥,硝酸銀還原法測定NO含量。

44 、If only uterine atony is noted, it is managed by uterine massage, pharmacological methods, and artery ligation.───對于按摩子宮及藥物治療無(wú)效者我們可考慮以手術(shù)方式結扎循環(huán)至子宮的動(dòng)脈血管如子宮動(dòng)脈、腹下動(dòng)脈。

45 、Methods 50 patients with refractory postpartum hemorrhage were managed with bilateral ascending uterine arteries ligation and gauze packing in the uterine cavity.───方法對50例剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)中大出血患者行雙側子宮動(dòng)脈上行支結扎加宮腔紗布填塞處理。

46 、In 30 cases,direct surgery were com-plished which included ligation or clip of aneurysmalneck in 21 cases,resection of aneurysm in 5 cases andwrapping of aneurysm in 4 cases.───30例行顱內動(dòng)脈瘤直接手術(shù),其中動(dòng)脈瘤頸結扎或夾閉術(shù)21例,動(dòng)脈瘤切除術(shù)5例,動(dòng)脈瘤包裹術(shù)4例。

47 、Methods Experimental varicocele models were created by partial ligation of left renal vein in Sprague-Dawley(SD) male rats.───方法通過(guò)部分結扎左腎靜脈建立青春期大鼠左側精索靜脈曲張模型;用原位末端脫氧核苷酸轉移酶標記法檢測睪丸生精細胞凋亡。

48 、Methods High position ligation of varicocele under laparoscope was performed and internal spermatic arteries were reserved intraoperatively.───方法經(jīng)腹腔鏡行精索內靜脈高位結扎,術(shù)中保留精索動(dòng)脈。

49 、Method The high ligation of hernia sac by abdominal small transverse notch to treat44patients with children s in direct hernia.───方法:通過(guò)對44例小兒腹股溝斜疝應用腹壁小橫切口行疝囊高位結扎術(shù)進(jìn)行總結。

50 、Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of modified external strip and internal ligation plus herbs in the treatment of mixed hemorrhoids.───摘要目的觀(guān)察改良外剝內扎手術(shù)結合中藥治療混合痔的臨床療效。

51 、Methods 24 S-D rats were performed cecal ligation and puncture(CLP) to induce sepsis. At the time of 0,12,36 and 72 hours after CLP,the rats were killed.───方法24只SPF級SD大鼠采用盲腸結扎穿孔術(shù)(CLP)復制膿毒癥模型,分別于CLP后0、12、36和72 h頸椎脫臼法處死大鼠,取肺組織。

52 、MethodsTwenty-two cases of hepatic cavernous (hemangioma) underwent laparatomy and suture ligation around the tumor plus intra-tumoral drug injection under direct vision.───方法對22例肝海綿狀血管瘤患者,在剖腹直視下行肝海綿狀血管瘤體周?chē)p扎加瘤內藥物注射治療。結果全組無(wú)并發(fā)癥及手術(shù)死亡。

53 、The middle sacral artery can be sacrificed with impunity, but it is often encountered unexpectedly during dissection and may produce troublesome bleeding before ligation.───可以把骶正中動(dòng)脈去掉而不會(huì )有什么害處,但是經(jīng)常在切除的過(guò)程中,如果還沒(méi)有來(lái)得及結扎血管,那就會(huì )出乎意料的遇到出血的現象,這是很棘手的。

54 、Main Uses: Applicable for Ligation of woman.───主要用途:供女性結扎手術(shù)用。

55 、I can assist with ligating the traversing external jugular branches.─── 我可以幫忙綁扎 頸外靜脈分支

56 、For the larger CANA, ligation of the two ends of the nerve segments during the decellularization procedure may be a better method of ensuring the quality of the decellularization.───對于粗大神經(jīng)的處理,結扎神經(jīng)段兩端后再行去細胞處理可能是一種較好的方法。

57 、ECG was monitored before and after coronary artery ligation, and after treatment at different time points.At the same time, the millivolt of ST and ST-T segment were measured.───于冠狀動(dòng)脈結扎前、后及給藥后不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)監測心電圖,標測ST段和T波(ST-T)毫伏數。

58 、These 4 patients had undergone a gynecological laparotomy and an incidental appendectomy with ligation and invagination of the appendiceal stump.───在本院近3年來(lái)396例完整的全大腸鏡檢查中,共發(fā)現4個(gè)這樣的病例。

59 、Esophageal varix ligation under endoscope(EVL)is a safe and effective treatment for esophageal varices.───內鏡下食管曲張靜脈結扎是一種安全有效的新方法。

60 、Methods Summarize the therapeutic effect and prognosis of 56 patients by high ligation and prick intradermally.───方法總結分析56例大隱靜脈曲張采用高位結扎加皮內縫扎法治療及預后。

61 、Establishment of porcine model with MODS and ARF. All pigs were performed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and bilateral ureteral ligation (UL).───制作MODS合并ARF豬模型 采用盲腸結扎和穿孔(CLP),加雙側輸尿管結扎術(shù)(UL)。

62 、Methods The model was established by bilateral general cervical artery ligation mice intestinal motion rate,peptic acid secretion and the activity of pepsin were detected.───方法通過(guò)結扎雙側頸總動(dòng)脈造成腦缺血模型,測定小鼠小腸的推進(jìn)率及大鼠的胃酸分泌、胃蛋白酶的活性。

63 、Methods Sixty SD rats were divided into bile duct ligation(BDL) group, cimetidine therapy (BDLC) group and sham operation(SO) group respectively.───方法 將SD大鼠60只隨機均分成膽總管結扎切斷 (BDL)組、西咪替丁治療 (BDLC)組和假手術(shù)對照組 3組。

64 、Methods Experimental varicocele models were created by partial ligation of left renal vein in Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats.───方法通過(guò)部分結扎左腎靜脈建立青春期大鼠左側精索靜脈曲張模型;

65 、All patients underwent operation with hepatic reconstruction in 3, hepatic and splenic artery ligation plus splenectomy in 2 cases, and reconstruction of the celiac axis in 4.───均予手術(shù)治療,其中肝動(dòng)脈重建3例,肝動(dòng)脈及脾動(dòng)脈結扎、脾切除2例,腹腔干重建4例,本組圍手術(shù)期無(wú)死亡。

66 、Whoever is to terminate gestation or receive ligation operations under this Law shall receive such services free of charge.───依照本法規定施行終止妊娠或者結扎手術(shù)的,接受免費服務(wù)。

67 、Surgically, I go in, ligate the varicocele and recheck your numbers in a few weeks.─── 通過(guò)手術(shù)我可以結扎精索靜脈曲張 幾周后再次檢查你的*數量

68 、Experiment results showed it could act against tachy-arrthythmia induced by chloroform,barium chloride and coronary artery ligation in rats and against myocardial ischemia.───動(dòng)物實(shí)驗表明,寧心膠囊可以拮抗氯仿、氯化鋇及左冠狀動(dòng)脈前降支結扎所致快速性心律失常,并具有改善心肌缺血的作用。

69 、Objective To summarize the study on the feasibility of celiac axis ligation.───摘要目的探討腹腔干結扎的可行性。

70 、Okay, we have to ligate both internal iliacs or she'll start bleeding again.─── 好了 我們得把兩邊的髂內動(dòng)脈結扎好 不然她就又會(huì )出血了

71 、The mouse acute incomplete cerebral ischemia was observed by ligation method.───小鼠急性不完全性腦缺血采用結扎法;

72 、Methods: Reanastomosis of the vas deferens by full thickness six needle vas ligation suture without stents was carried out for 32 patients who had undergone bilateral vasligation.───方法:對32例雙側輸精管結扎術(shù)后需要再通患者,采用不用支撐物全層6針縫合法進(jìn)行吻合。

73 、Objective To evaluate the effects of dense endoscopic variceal ligation (DEVL) for bleeding varices with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC).───方法采用內鏡下密集多點(diǎn)結扎術(shù)治療原發(fā)性肝癌合并食管靜脈曲張急性出血患者58例。

74 、METHODS:The models of gastric ulcer were induced by restraint plus water-immersion,reserpine in mice and by pylorus ligation and acetic acid in rats respectively.───方法:分別制作小鼠束縛水浸法應激型、利血平型胃潰瘍和大鼠幽門(mén)結扎型、乙酸燒灼型胃潰瘍模型。

75 、GSV trunk RF combined with high ligation of external vein and EVLT in 2 lower limbs.───大隱靜脈主干射頻閉鎖聯(lián)合外側畸形靜脈高位結扎和EVLT治療2條肢體。

76 、Objective To observe the effect of blood pressure reduction induced with high epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia in patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation operation.───摘要目的觀(guān)察高位硬膜外**和全麻異氟烷吸入在嬰幼兒動(dòng)脈導管未閉(PDA)手術(shù)降壓中的臨床應用。

77 、It can significantly reduce the area of infracted cardiac muscle in dog with coronary artery ligation.───可使冠脈結扎犬的急性心肌缺血的梗死區范圍明顯縮小。

78 、Then we can ligate the aptamers into the synthetic antibodies.─── 然后就能將適體鏈接到合成抗體

79 、Common bile duct ligation was performed on another 3 groups; oral diet was assigned to group B,and TPN with LCT or MCT/LCT were assigned to groups C and D respectively.───余 3組均行膽總管結扎術(shù) :B組為經(jīng)口飲食對照組 ,C、D組分別給予以長(cháng)鏈 (LCT)或中長(cháng)鏈脂肪酸 (MCT/LCT)為脂肪來(lái)源的TPN。

80 、Methods:42 patients with gallbladder diseases, LC wear performed by four ports todo the decollement of gallbladder, and to close the vessels and cysitic duct by titanium ligation.───方法:選擇42例膽囊疾病,采用腹腔鏡四孔法進(jìn)行分離膽囊,用鈦夾夾閉血管和膽囊管,將膽囊從臍部孔取出。

81 、Methods Rat model of PIHF was established by left coronary artery ligation.───方法以大鼠左冠狀動(dòng)脈結扎術(shù)造成心肌梗死后心衰模型。

82 、Objective To observe the blood supply to the tongue following ligation of lingual arteries.───摘要目的探討舌動(dòng)脈結扎后舌的血液供應及其來(lái)源,為臨床應用提供解剖學(xué)依據。

83 、When the male ejaculates, the flesh that carry Gao can produce systole, so you feel ligation place has keenly feel.───當男性射精時(shí),提睪肌會(huì )產(chǎn)生收縮,所以你感到結扎處有痛感。

84 、Various models of animal liver regeneration were reviewed, which included partial hepatectomy model, portal branch ligation model, chemical drug ingury model.───摘要對動(dòng)物肝再生模型進(jìn)行了綜述,包括部分肝切除模型、門(mén)靜脈分支結扎模型、化學(xué)藥物損傷模型。

85 、International Digest: What are the issues require special when we do band ligation in elderly patients with bleeding from ruptured gastro-esophageal varices?───國際肝?。簩τ诶夏昊颊哌M(jìn)行胃食管靜脈破裂出血套扎時(shí),須要特別注意哪些問(wèn)題呢?

86 、Objective: To evaluate the curative effect of the separating method for external hemorrhoids and ligation method for internal hemorrhoid in circular hemorrhoids.───摘要目的:探討應用外剝內扎加芍倍注射方法治療環(huán)狀混合痔的臨床效果。

87 、Methods Sixty-four SD male rats were divided randomly into four groups(contol, only ligation, only hormone, hormone and ligation).───方法SD雄性大鼠64只,分為對照組、單純結扎組、單純激素組及激素+結扎組。

88 、Probe into the nursing countermeasures of tubectomy after tu bal ligation.───探討輸卵管結扎術(shù)后再行吻合術(shù)的護理措施。

89 、Xia DC, Shen ZH, Lu DT, et al.Study of the pneumonectomy by interval suture with ligation bronchial stump[J].J Hubei Med Univ,1994, 15(2): 175-6.───[4]夏德椿,沈振華,呂大同,等.肺切除支氣管殘端間斷縫合法加間斷結扎法的探討[J].湖北醫科大學(xué)學(xué)報,1994,15(2):175-6.

90 、Methods The weight of thrombus was measured,the change of NO and MPO in serum and venous vessel wall were determined through the model of inferior vena cava ligation.───方法通過(guò)小鼠下腔靜脈結扎,測定形成血栓的重量及血清和血管壁內NO與MPO水平的變化。

英語(yǔ)作文關(guān)于克隆的相關(guān)句子和單詞

克隆 cloning

克隆人 cloned human being

克隆人這種技術(shù) technology of cloning

克隆技術(shù) cloning technology

克隆人軍隊 cloned-men army

英語(yǔ)作文關(guān)于克隆的相關(guān)句子和單詞

摘抄了一篇,不知是否滿(mǎn)意

反對克隆的原因和贊同克隆的原因,還要有自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)

Westhusin’s experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missy project, using hundreds upon hundreds of dog’s eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos (胚胎) carrying Missy’s DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate (**的) mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses (胎) may be acceptable when you’re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. "Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous," he says.

Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin’s phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses. "A lot of people want to clone pets, especially if the price is right," says Westhusin. Cost is no obstacle for Missy’s mysterious billionaire owner; he’s put up $3.7 million so far to fund A&M’s research.

Contrary to some media reports, Missy is not dead. The owner wants a twin to carry on Missy’s fine qualities after she does die. The prototype is, by all accounts, athletic, good-natured and supersmart. Missy’s master does not expect an exact copy of her. He knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy’s owner and the A&M team say they are "both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy."

Besides cloning a great dog, the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs. nurture. It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals.

However, Westhusin is cautious about his work. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems~ "Why would you ever want to clone humans," Westhusin asks, "when we’re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?

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