?covalently

covalently發(fā)音

[kəu'veiləns]

英：　　美：

covalently中文意思翻譯

n. 共有原子價(jià), 共價(jià)

covalently詞形變化

形容詞: covalent | 副詞: covalently | 名詞: covalency |

covalently常見(jiàn)例句

1 、Keywords Quaternary ammonium salt;antimicrobial;biocides;covalently modified;Silica gel;water treatment;polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）;───季銨鹽;抗菌;殺生劑;共價(jià)修飾;硅膠;水處理;聚乙烯醇（PVA）;

2 、ssDNA or dsDNA could be immobilized covalently on the surface of OA/CPE to fabricate ssDNA/OA/CPE or dsDNA/OA/CPE in the presence of EDC.───在活化劑EDC存在下,ssDNA和dsDNA可以共價(jià)健合固定在OA/CPE上分別形成ssDNA修飾電極(ssDNA/OA/CPE)和dsDNA修飾電極(dsDNA/OA/CPE)。

3 、Keywords hepatitis B virus;covalently closed circular DNA;nested-quantitative real-time fluorescent PCR;───乙型肝炎病毒;共價(jià)閉合環(huán)狀DNA;巢式-實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR;

4 、covalently close relaxed DNA───共價(jià)閉合松弛DNA

5 、covalently linked───以共價(jià)鍵聯(lián)系的

6 、Mitochondrial linear plasmid DNAs are larger, and they contain terminal inverted repeats ,proteins covalently bound at 5' terminus,and longer ORFs.───線(xiàn)狀線(xiàn)粒體DNA質(zhì)粒的特征是分子較大，末端有重復序列，5'端與蛋白質(zhì)共價(jià)結合，有較長(cháng)的ORF。

7 、Keywords Fluorescence;chemical sensor;Covalently immobilization;PVC;Fluorescence carrier;Coumarin;Carbazole;Anthraquinone;Porphrine;Pyrene;───關(guān)鍵詞熒光化學(xué)傳感器;共價(jià)固定;PVC;熒光指示劑;香豆素;咔唑;蒽醌;卟啉;芘;

8 、Tolbert and her colleagues found a way to harden these metals by introducing another element that covalently bonds to these layers, preventing them from slipping without disrupting incompressibility.───托伯特和同事發(fā)現一種提高這類(lèi)金屬硬度的方法，就是添加可與原子層共價(jià)結合的元素，防止原子層滑動(dòng)，但不影響其抗壓縮性。

9 、covalently closed circle───共價(jià)閉環(huán)(分)

10 、At first the aprotinin was considered to be affinity ligand and covalently bound onto the magnetic particles via carbo...───論文詳細討論胰蛋白酶親和純化條件,將磁性親合分離法成功地應用于親和純化胰蛋白酶。

11 、Silanes consist of a chain of silicon atoms covalently bound to hydrogen atoms.───構成硅烷烴的是一條硅原子鏈接形成的主鏈和以共價(jià)鍵鏈接在主鏈上的氫原子。

12 、Organic monolayers covalently attached on silicon surface present stable, reproducible and well-controlled solid surfaces, will make much more function relevant to Si-based microelectronics.───以共價(jià)鍵嫁接在硅表面的有機單分子層能形成穩定、高質(zhì)量的雜化連接，將賦予傳統的硅材料更多新的功能，具有許多其它表面難以比擬的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

13 、covalently immobilized───共價(jià)固定

14 、,ionically bonded method,covalently bonded method and physically entrapped method.───同時(shí),對各種方法進(jìn)行了比較和評述。

15 、Keywords Methylomonas Z201;MMO;DEAE cellulose;Covalently immobilization;Propene epoxidation;───甲烷單加氧酶;DEAE纖維素;共價(jià)固定化;丙烯環(huán)氧化;

16 、Keywords Hepatitis B vims;Peripheral blood mononuclear cells;Covalently closed circular DNA;───肝炎病毒;乙型;外周血單個(gè)核細胞;共價(jià)閉合環(huán)狀DNA;

17 、In this paper,some of the diverse,nondegradative functions of ubiquitin covalently attaching to proteins are reviewed.───而近年來(lái)的研究發(fā)現,泛素化不僅僅是蛋白質(zhì)降解的標志,它有更為廣泛的用途,參與了大量的生命活動(dòng)。

18 、peptide: Two or more amino acids covalently joined by peptide bonds.───肽是由氨基酸通過(guò)肽鍵縮合而形成的化合物。

19 、Recombinant hemagglutinin protein of H5 AIV were obtained and purified, then HA protein were covalently linked to carboxylated polyethylene latex beads by EDAC.───臨床檢測H5亞型禽流感病毒實(shí)驗免疫雞血清126份,同血凝抑制試驗相比,其敏感性為87.03%,特異性為88.8%,兩者的符合率為87.30%。

20 、Juxtaposed tRNAs, reading adjacent codes, bring together amino acids, which are then covalently joined to together.───并列而排的轉移RNA閱讀鄰近的密碼子，帶來(lái)氨基酸并將其以共價(jià)鍵連接起來(lái)。

21 、FABRICATION OF ORDERED AND MULTILAYER MOLECULAR FILM ELECTRODE CONTAINING BINUCLEAR COBALT PHTHALOCYANINESULFONATE BASED ON COVALENTLY ATTACHED INTERACTION AND ITS ELECTROCATALYSIS───共價(jià)鍵合雙核鈷酞菁有序多層分子膜電極

22 、Study of Covalently Immobilizing Heparin to Polyetherurethane Surface───聚醚氨酯共價(jià)鍵合肝素的研究

23 、Keywords Hepatitis B Liver cirrhosis Situ polymerase chain reaction Hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA（HBV-cccDNA）;───乙型肝炎;肝硬化;原位聚合酶鏈反應;乙型肝炎病毒共價(jià)閉合環(huán)狀DNA;

24 、covalently association───共價(jià)締合

25 、Aim: To elucidate the influence of covalently GS on the conformation and function of M1RNA in M1GS.───目的：為檢驗連接的GS序列是否會(huì )影響M1RNA高級結構而導致M1RNA活性改變，對核酶的催化機制進(jìn)行探討。

26 、covalently chemical functionalized───共價(jià)化學(xué)修飾

27 、Coval of Harvard Business School examine the mutual fund industry to determine why people would prefer to invest in stocks of companies located near them.───Coval考察了共同基金市場(chǎng)，并試圖解釋為什么投資者更青睞本地公司的股票。

28 、Keywords hepatitis B virus;covalently closed circular DNA;polymerase chain reaction;───肝炎病毒;乙型;聚合酶鏈反應;共價(jià)閉合環(huán)狀DNA;

29 、covalently modified enzymes───共價(jià)改性酶

30 、Polymers consist of long molecular chains of covalently bonded atoms.───高聚物都是由共價(jià)鏈聯(lián)接原子而形成的長(cháng)鏈分子所組成。

31 、BSA was covalently linked on carboxylated surfaces by EDC and the BSA content on the surfaces was measured by substration of FT-ATR-IR spectra.───用EDC接枝牛血清白蛋白并用FT ATR IR譜的差減測定表面BSA接枝量 ;

32 、Keywords covalently closed circular DNA （cccDNA）;relaxed circular DNA（rcDNA）;Hepatitis B virus（HBV）;polymerase chain reaction（PCR）;Hepatocellular Carcinoma（HCC）;───共價(jià)閉合環(huán)狀DNA;松弛環(huán)狀DNA;乙型肝炎病毒;聚合酶鏈反應;肝細胞癌;

33 、Covalently linking it to a fluorescent molecule, like fluorescein, without affecting it's.───作共價(jià)性接合,此接合反應不會(huì )影響其親和力。

34 、They consist of a core protein with one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycan chain(s).───由一個(gè)中心蛋白和一個(gè)或多個(gè)共價(jià)粘多糖鏈組成。

35 、A method to immobilize heparin (Hep) covalently on the surface of PU by amplifying surface reactive sites was reported.───本文研究了通過(guò)表面活化點(diǎn)放大來(lái)增加聚氨酯（PU）表面共價(jià)結合的肝素量的方法。

36 、Gemini surfactant is a new type of surfactant, with molecules made up of two amphiphilic moieties covalently connected at the level of the head group by a spacer.───摘要雙子表面活性劑是一類(lèi)新型的表面活性劑，其分子由化學(xué)鍵通過(guò)聯(lián)接基團將兩個(gè)單鏈表面活性劑的離子頭聯(lián)接構成。

37 、covalently bound bilirubin───共價(jià)膽紅素

38 、Trypsin was covalently linked with chemical modified granule chitosan and was used to isolate and purify aprotinin from the extract of cattle lungs by affinity chromatography.───采用化學(xué)改性的殼聚糖為載體,共價(jià)法偶聯(lián)胰蛋白酶,制成抑酶肽親和吸附劑,將其直接親和層析牛肺提取液,分離、純化高比活力的抑酶肽。

39 、Keywords New methylene blue;Biosensor;Covalently bonding;Hydrogen peroxide;───新亞甲藍;生物傳感器;共價(jià)鍵合;過(guò)氧化氫;

40 、We developed an “ one pot” method that functionalizing the surface of carbon nanotubes by covalently bonding alkoxide .The functionalized carbon nanotubes can be dissolved in water.───我們發(fā)明了一種名為“一鍋法”的碳納米表面化學(xué)改性的方法，使得碳納米管表面共價(jià)結合醇鹽，這種改性的碳納米管在水中有良好的溶解性能。

41 、It was shown that the APTS was grafted onto the surface of the nanosilica and the SIAP could be covalently bonded with polyurethane, forming well designed shell-core structure;───結果表明:APTS與納米SiO2發(fā)生化學(xué)反應使納米SiO2表面官能團化,并與聚氨酯基活性鏈段進(jìn)行化學(xué)反應,從而實(shí)現聚氨酯與納米SiO2的有序組裝;

42 、Ordered Multilayer Film Electrode Containing Iron Phthalocyanine Based on Covalently Bonding───共價(jià)鍵合四磺酸基鐵酞菁有序多層膜電極

43 、biocide， quaternary ammonium salt，covalently modified; silica gel， circulating cooling water───殺生劑，季銨鹽，共價(jià)修飾，硅膠，循環(huán)冷卻水

44 、covalently coated───共價(jià)包被

45 、Proteins are large molecules composed of covalently linked amino acids.───蛋白是由共價(jià)鏈結的氨基酸組成的大分子。

46 、The drastic infective factors of pathogen are covalently modified by sugar residue.These factors are regarded original sugar protein.───現在發(fā)現一些病原菌的烈性侵染因子是用糖殘基進(jìn)行共價(jià)修飾的,這些侵染因子因此被認為是真正的糖蛋白。

47 、Keywords Immunosensor;New Methylene Blue;Electrochemical Polymerization;Covalently Bonding;Penicillin;Immunoreaction;───免疫傳感器;新亞甲藍;電聚合;共價(jià)鍵合;青霉素;免疫反應;

48 、Keywords Ordered multilayer film;Covalently bonding interaction;Iron phthalocyanine;Trichloroacetic acid;Electrocatalysis;───有序多層膜;共價(jià)鍵合作用;鐵酞菁;三氯乙酸;電催化;

49 、Covalently grafting───共價(jià)嫁接

50 、Methods:Antigens of TOXO,RV,CMV,HSV-1 and HSV-2 were printed onto the activated surface of glass slide. Then the antigens were covalently bound to the surface to form protein microarray pattern.───方法:將TOXO、RV、CMV、HSV-1和HSV-2抗原噴印到活化的玻片表面,抗原與活化基團共價(jià)結合后,制成蛋白微陣列。

51 、hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA (HBVcccDNA)───HBVcccDNA

52 、Objective To study the effect of polyethylene glycol(PEG) of 5000 daltons was attached covalently to available lysine residues of pig erythrocyte superoxide dismutase.───目的研究聚乙二醇修飾的超氧化物歧化酶基本特性的改變。

53 、covalently attaching antitumor agent───共價(jià)接附抗癌劑

54 、1、An alcohol can be any of a class of compounds characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group covalently bonded to a saturated carbon atom.───任何由羥基和飽和碳原子以共價(jià)鍵結合的化合物都可以稱(chēng)為醇。

55 、After the condensation reaction, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole has been covalently anchored to the MWNTs through the amide-acyl bonding, while the structure of MWNTs was not changed.───這些都證明3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑通過(guò)酰胺鍵連接在了多壁碳納米管上。Raman光譜結果表明反應前后多壁碳納米管的結構未發(fā)生變化。

56 、Mercury highly covalently coordinates to endocyclic and exocyclic N sites of DNA bases.───以上實(shí)驗數據表明甲基**與DNA的結合能力較其他形態(tài)的**強。

57 、Covalently Cross-Linked───共價(jià)交聯(lián)

58 、Quantum mechanics is important for understanding how individual atoms combine covalently to form chemicals or molecules.───對于理解單個(gè)原子怎樣共價(jià)結合來(lái)形成化學(xué)物或分子是重要的。

59 、Keywords Ferritin;direct electrochemistry;covalently;───鐵蛋白;直接電化學(xué);鍵合固定;

60 、The simplest covalently bonded molecule is formed from two hydrogen atoms.───最簡(jiǎn)單的共價(jià)鍵分子由兩個(gè)氫原子組成。

61 、covalently closed circular DNA───共價(jià)閉環(huán)DNA

62 、Covalently bonding───共價(jià)鍵合

63 、The trypsin was covalently linked with chemical modified granule chitosan and was used to isolate and purify aprotininum from the extract of cattle lungs by affinity chromatography.───采用瓊脂糖凝膠為載體,共價(jià)偶聯(lián)牛胰蛋白酶,制成抑肽酶親和吸附劑,將其用于親和層析牛肺提取液,分離純化高比活抑肽酶。

64 、covalently bond───共價(jià)鍵

65 、Covalently closed circularDNA───共價(jià)閉合環(huán)狀DNA

66 、The EGS can be covalently linked to Ml RNA, the catalytic RNA subunit of RNase P, forming a new kind of ribozyme, M1GS.───將EGS共價(jià)連接到M1 RNA的3′末端成為附屬于M1 RNA的一段引導序列，稱(chēng)為GS。

67 、The changes in contents of noncovalently conjugated-spermidine(NCC-Spd)and perchloric acid insoluble covalently conjugated-spermidine(PISCC-Spd) to thylakoid membrane were investigated in seedling leaf of two soybean (Glycine max L.)───研究了滲透脅迫下,大豆品種豫豆24號(抗旱性較強)和豫豆6號(抗旱性較弱)幼苗類(lèi)囊體膜上非共價(jià)結合態(tài)亞精胺(NCC-Spd)和高氯酸不溶性共價(jià)結合態(tài)亞精胺(PISCC-Spd)含量的變化。

68 、Keywords Hepatitis B virus;Covalently closed circular DNA;Polymerase chain reaction;Mung bean nuclease;───肝炎病毒;乙型;共價(jià)閉合環(huán)狀DNA;聚合酶鏈反應;綠豆芽核酸酶;

69 、Covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)───共價(jià)閉合環(huán)狀DNA（cccDNA）

70 、Keywords polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes;poly（vinyl imidazole）;nanocomposite;covalently bond;proton conductivity;───聚乙烯咪唑;納米復合材料;化學(xué)鍵合;質(zhì)子導電性能;

71 、Both the IR and electrochemical experiments proved that tryptophan and MWNT covalently bonded with each other through amide bonds.───紅外光譜和電化學(xué)實(shí)驗均證實(shí)碳納米管和色氨酸是通過(guò)酰胺鍵共價(jià)鍵合的。

72 、covalently bound surface modifying agent───共價(jià)鍵表面改性劑

73 、Keywords biocide;quaternary ammonium salt;covalently modified;silica gel;circulating cooling water;───殺生劑;季銨鹽;共價(jià)修飾;硅膠;循環(huán)冷卻水;

74 、Substrates that are destined for the proteasome are covalently modified with ubiquitin by a cascade of enzymes,including E1,E2 and E3 enzymes,the last of which determines substrate specificity.───泛素化是單個(gè)或多個(gè)泛素在泛素激活酶、泛素結合酶及泛素蛋白連接酶的作用下共價(jià)修飾底物蛋白質(zhì)的過(guò)程。

什么是cccDNA？

CCCDNA，全稱(chēng)為circle covalently closed DNA，是一種封閉的雙鏈DNA圓形結構。它與傳統的直條狀DNA不同，是一種帶有**信號的DNA。

這種信號能夠使細胞**定基因的表達得到促進(jìn)和保護，從而在細胞的某些狀態(tài)中發(fā)揮重要作用。

現在有哪幾種PCR的方法啊

PCR種類(lèi)太多了

舉幾種常見(jiàn)的PCR吧：

熒光定量PCR，TAIL-PCR，重組PCR，降落PCR