?wrinkling

wrinkling發(fā)音

[?r??kl??]

英：　　美：

wrinkling中文意思翻譯

n. 起皺現象, 起皺紋

動(dòng)詞wrinkle的現在分詞形式

wrinkling詞形變化

動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞: wrinkled | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式: wrinkled | 動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數: wrinkles | 動(dòng)詞現在分詞: wrinkling | 形容詞: wrinkly |

wrinkling常見(jiàn)例句

1 、Finally, an approximate formula is presented for predicting symmetrical wrinkling critical loads.───最后,提出了一個(gè)對稱(chēng)皺屈載荷的計算公式。

2 、Study on Wrinkling in Extrusion Blowing Plastic Film───擠出法吹制塑料薄膜中打褶現象的研究

3 、Forehead is preferred dry, however some wrinkling may occur when dog is alert.───前額是首選干的，然而當狗警惕的時(shí)候一些皺紋會(huì )出現。

4 、Prediction of wrinkling and crack during multi-point drawing forming process for rectangle cup with conical walls───斜壁盒形件多點(diǎn)拉延成形過(guò)程中起皺與拉裂預測

5 、And so he painted a picture of St matthew with a bald head and bare dusty feet awkwardly gripping the huge volume anxiously wrinkling his brow under the unaccustomed strain of writing.───于是他把圣馬太畫(huà)成這么一幅樣子：禿頂，赤著(zhù)泥腳，笨拙地抓著(zhù)一個(gè)大本子，由于不習慣于寫(xiě)作而感到緊張，焦灼地皺起眉頭。

6 、I got to turn out and find my nigger." He looked kinder bothered, and stood there with his bills fluttering on his arm, thinking, and wrinkling up his forehead.───他那個(gè)神情仿佛有點(diǎn)兒為難似的，就站在那里，一邊胳膊上搭著(zhù)的海報隨風(fēng)飄動(dòng)，一邊在左思右想，眉頭緊皺。

7 、You are like the wind in spring, tender and warm, blowing gently into my chest and wrinkling my heart.───你是春天溫情又柔和的風(fēng),輕輕地吹到了我的懷中,把我的心吹動(dòng)。

8 、Analysis method on wall wrinkling of conical parts based on reverse moulding───基于反求造型技術(shù)的錐形件側壁皺曲分析方法

9 、Keywords cage roll forming;ERW pipes;dynamic explicit algorithm;wrinkling;───排輥成形;直縫焊管;動(dòng)力顯式算法;等效塑性應變;起皺;

10 、The simulation results show that the elastic cushion and the stepped blank holder can suppress the dimpling and wrinkling defects,leading to better parts with smooth surface.───分析了拼焊板多點(diǎn)成形過(guò)程中出現的壓痕和起皺現象及其抑制方法，探討了焊縫偏移的影響因素。

11 、APPLICATION OF GENERALIZED CONFORMING ELEMENTS IN ELASTIC WRINKLING ANALYSIS OF THIN PLATES───廣義協(xié)調元在薄板彈性皺曲分析中的應用

12 、3M Scotch ? 1611 Adhesive is a clean "tape-like" adhesive that adheres in seconds, yet permits material to be repositioned. It resists bleeding, staining and wrinkling plus has a smooth glue line.───1611特級萬(wàn)能?chē)娔z當需要時(shí)可隨時(shí)施用到工件上。只要手指一按，即可將適合工作要求的膠粘劑噴涂到紙張、塑料、厚紙板、泡棉、金屬和其它材料上。

13 、Ladies, make sure his wrinkles don't get wrinkles.─── 女士們 確保它的皺紋不要再長(cháng)皺紋

14 、Finite element modeling has become an important tool for predicting the membrane wrinkling at present.───有限元模擬已經(jīng)成為目前薄膜褶皺預測的重要工具。

15 、Calculating formulae of wrinkling limit blankholder force in rectangular part forming with variable individual-segments blankholder force--The third research of rectangular part forming with variable individual-segments blankholder force───方盒形件分塊變壓邊力成形過(guò)程中的法蘭起皺臨界壓邊力計算--方盒形件分塊變壓邊力成形研究之三

16 、Plastic wrinkling is a typical defective mode during the THF.───塑性皺曲是管材內高壓脹形工藝的一種典型失效形式。

17 、Keywords sheet metal;shear stress;wrinkling;experiment;numerical simulation;───板料;剪應力;起皺;實(shí)驗;數值模擬;

18 、If you fold them while they're warm,they don't wrinkle.─── 趁床單柔暖時(shí)疊起來(lái),就不會(huì )起皺

19 、Likewise her feminine eye took in the clothes he wore, the cheap and unaesthetic cut, the wrinkling of the coat across the shoulders, and the series of wrinkles in the sleeves that advertised bulging biceps muscles.───同樣，她那雙女性的眼睛也一眼便看透了他那身衣服，那廉價(jià)的缺乏品味的剪裁，外衣肩上的褶皺和袖子上那一連串皺紋，仿佛在為他那鼓突的二頭肌做**。

20 、Make the most of what little space you have by shoving anything you don't mind wrinkling -- socks, underwear -- into your shoes.───充分利用背包的空間，把不怕皺的物品如襪子、內衣塞進(jìn)鞋里。

21 、"Bring in--" began Melly, her brow wrinkling, and then she broke into a delighted smile.───"運進(jìn)來(lái)----"媚蘭開(kāi)始時(shí)皺起眉頭，但隨即露出歡快的微笑。

22 、anti wrinkling agent───抗皺劑

23 、Identification of Pathogen of Wrinkling on Sweet Osmanthus Leaf Apex───桂花葉尖皺縮病病原的鑒定

24 、Make sure that my wrinkles are all in place.─── 確保臉上的皺紋沒(méi)什么變化

25 、She took the wet gourd dipper from him, her nostrils wrinkling in distaste at the reek.───她從波克手里接過(guò)濕淋淋的長(cháng)柄葫蘆勺，鼻孔立即被酒氣刺激得皺起來(lái)。

26 、The predominant failure mode in stamping of sheet metal parts are wrinkling and fracture, in general, these defects may be eliminated by appropriate manipulated the blank holder forces.───摘要起皺和斷裂是板料成形過(guò)程的主要失效模式，合理控制成形過(guò)程中壓邊力，可以消除這些缺陷，提高成形性能。

27 、Keywords stamping;deep-drawing;wrinkling;instability;formability;───沖壓;拉深;皺曲;失穩;成形性;

28 、Study on process effects of wrinkling and variable material thickness of the two-bend part───工藝對二次彎曲件起皺和料厚變化的影響研究

29 、Sorry if some of the pages are wrinkled and stuff.─── 不好意思如果有幾頁(yè)有折痕損傷什么的

30 、Keywords deep drawing;side wall wrinkling;critical BHF;───拉深成形;側壁起皺;臨界壓邊力;

31 、wrinkling of leaf face───葉面皺折

32 、Based on the analysis and evaluation of wrinkle shape, a parameter to study.the side-wall wrinkling problems in deep drawing of axisymmetrical curved parts is determind.───在分析與評價(jià)幾種表述皺紋形狀參數的基礎上，確定了適用于研究軸對稱(chēng)曲面類(lèi)零件側壁起皺問(wèn)題的皺形參數。

33 、Keywords T-shaped tube;axial displacement;hydroforming;overfall pressure;wrinkling;finite element;───叉型管件;軸向位移;液壓成形;溢流壓力;起皺;有限元;

34 、His creases'll drop out but your wrinkles won't.─── 他的褶皺會(huì )消失 但你的皺紋不會(huì )

35 、Numerical Simulation of Wrinkling in Multi-point Forming for Sheet Metal without Blank Holder───板材無(wú)壓邊多點(diǎn)成形中起皺的數值模擬

36 、The destabilization condi tion in plastic state,the main causes of wrinkling and the pre ven tion means in the sheet drawing process of tube-shaped parts have been intro duced.───介紹了薄板拉深筒形件的塑性失穩條件,起皺的主要原因及防止措施。

37 、The abrasiveness of the grit cloth and the increased pressure exerted on the blank simulate the draw bead effect and help reduce wrinkling in the product area (See Figure 1).───引起摩擦的粗布和增大施加在料片上的壓力來(lái)模擬拉延筋的效果從而幫助減小零件起皺（見(jiàn)圖一）。

38 、Keywords multi-point forming;titanium alloy;retiary metal sheet;wrinkling;numerical simulation;───多點(diǎn)成形;鈦合金;帶孔網(wǎng)板;起皺;數值模擬;

39 、It shows that various thermal deformations occurred as main defects in the process, such as buckling deformation, surface wrinkling and carving deformation.───變形類(lèi)型有一側開(kāi)口翹起變形、宏觀(guān)翹曲變形、表面起皺與局部塌陷變形等。

40 、plastic wrinkling───塑性皺曲

41 、And so he painted a picture of St matthew with a bald head and bare dusty feet, awkwardly gripping the huge volume, anxiously wrinkling his brow under the unaccustomed strain of writing.───于是他把圣馬太畫(huà)成這麼一幅樣子：禿頂，赤著(zhù)泥腳，笨拙地抓著(zhù)一個(gè)大本子，由于不習慣于寫(xiě)作而感到緊張，焦灼地皺起眉頭。

42 、Contain Plant Herb Collagen That Can Soften Skin, Prevent Aging And Wrinkling, CureScar, So That Cells MetabolizeNormally, Your Skin May Be Elastic And Shining.───含植物草本膠原,能潤澤肌膚，防止老化及皺紋,加速傷口愈合使細胞代謝正常，讓肌膚富有彈性光澤

43 、Garment manufacturers use knitted fabrics in producing comfortable, lightweight clothing that resists wrinkling.───成衣生產(chǎn)商用針織布生產(chǎn)舒適的，能抗皺的輕薄的成衣。

44 、Certain quantity of estrogens can cause an increase in skin thickness, hydration, elasticity and a reduction in skin wrinkling.───一定量的雌激素能通過(guò)增加皮膚的厚度、水分和彈性，減少皮膚皺紋，防止皮膚老化。

45 、wall wrinkling───側壁皺曲

46 、However, in the case of deep-drawn contoured parts, wrinkling in the product area can occur from insufficient sheet material stretching.───但是,對于不規則深拉延零件,不充分的薄板材料拉伸可導致零件褶皺。

47 、Blank holder force(BHF) is one of the important parameters in deep drawing process of sheet metal,appropriate control of it can eliminate such defects as wrinkling and fracture.───壓邊力是板料拉延成形過(guò)程的重要工藝參數之一,合理控制壓邊力的大小,可避免成形件起皺或破裂等缺陷。

48 、Keywords curved die,drawing,wrinkling,limit drawing coefficient,numerical simulation;───曲面凹模;拉深;起皺;極限拉深系數;數值模擬;

49 、The BHF can be reasonably changed with the wrinkling law by control system,so the flange formability and the part quality can be imp...───拉深過(guò)程中壓邊力通過(guò)控制系統可以隨拉深起皺規律而合理變化,有效地改善法蘭區變形的不均勻性,提高盒形件的成形質(zhì)量。

50 、In detail,forming rule of control and utilization of wrinkling and principle of reducing calibration pressure are desc...───最后給出了研制的典型內高壓成形件及在汽車(chē)、航天、航空中的應用。

51 、Analysis of Thermal Wrinkling Resulted from Non-uniform Temperature Distribution in Transpiration Cooling Formed Platelets───層板發(fā)汗冷卻結構的非均勻溫度分布受熱皺損的求解

52 、"I can not follow you," Madeline said, wrinkling her pretty face.───“我不懂你的意思,”梅德琳皺起了漂亮臉蛋說(shuō)。

53 、It is effective to replenish water, reduce wrinkling, nourish and moisture skin. Neutral and dry skin are both suitable to it.───本品系減皺美容佳品，精選多種中草藥經(jīng)高科技提煉而成，具有增加細胞組織的水份和膠原蛋白、減輕皺紋的作用。

54 、Her stockings were wrinkling at the knees.───她長(cháng)襪的膝蓋處起了皺褶。

55 、According to the complaint, sunscreens protect against UVB rays, but research indicates that they do not block all UVA rays, which can cause skin cancer, aging and wrinkling.───根據指控，防曬產(chǎn)品雖可防護紫外線(xiàn)B射線(xiàn)，但研究顯示它們并不能阻擋所有的紫外線(xiàn)A射線(xiàn)，后一種射線(xiàn)可能造成皮膚癌、老化和皺紋。

56 、Kawai N.Critical conditions of wrinkling in deep drawing of sheet metals. JSME. 1961.───梁炳文.胡世光.板料成形塑性理論.北京:機械工業(yè)出版社,1987

57 、On the basis of constructing wrinkling model,it is calculated that the wrinkling critical tangent pressure formula in the process of drawing.───在建立皺曲模型的基礎上，導出了拉深過(guò)程中的皺曲臨界切向壓應力的表達式．給出了不皺曲的判定式。

58 、RESEARCH ON A UNIFIED CRITERION OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL WRINKLING OF STRIP METAL IN-PLANE BENDING UNDER UNEQUAL COMPRESSING───板帶不均勻壓下面內彎曲過(guò)程失穩起皺的研究

59 、The statistic method of image analysis is used to evaluate the fabric wrinkling,analyse the texture statistics properties.───利用計算機圖像處理的統計分析方法對織物的抗皺恢復性能進(jìn)行了系統地分析。

60 、Our hot drape former is used for composite work to form components avoiding fibre wrinkling (Marcelling) before being cured in an autoclave.───我們的熱成型機用于復合材料零件成型，以避免在進(jìn)入熱壓罐處理前，纖維起皺（成波浪）。

61 、Keywords Multi-point forming;Die forming;Numerical simulation;Wrinkling;Tearing;Technical parameter;Material parameter;───多點(diǎn)成形;模具成形;數值模擬;起皺;破裂;工藝參數;材料參數;

62 、It also can alert users when malfunctions such as slug-pulling, wrinkling, thickness change rof raw material, mis-feeding and double-thickness etc. occur.───當故障發(fā)生（比如：褶皺、材料的厚度變化、沒(méi)有加入被沖工件、同時(shí)加入兩個(gè)被沖工件等等）的時(shí)候，系統可用戶(hù)報警。

63 、Keywords formability;splitting;wrinkling;instability;───成形性;破裂;起皺;失穩;

64 、Some wrinkling, with maturity, on the head extending from above the eyes to the corner of the mouth.───成熟期后,頭部可能有褶皺,從眼睛上部開(kāi)始延伸至嘴角。

65 、Cigarette smoking associated with premature facial wrinkling: a clinical study and facial skin replicas analysis───吸煙對面部皺紋影響的臨床研究和圖像分析

66 、When the deformation of the workpiece exceeds permission of one step, the wrinkling defect will be produced, the multi-steps forming can resolve the problem.───當工件要求的變形程度超過(guò)一次變形的允許值時(shí),一次成形會(huì )使工件產(chǎn)生起皺等成形缺陷,而采用多道次成形則可以解決這樣的問(wèn)題。

67 、" she asked, wrinkling her pretty forehead.───她皺起美麗的額頭問(wèn)道。

68 、Li Yu-ting broke off helplessly here, for Chao Po-tao suddenly gave a derisive laugh; he tilted back his head and blew a cloud of cigar smoke, his flabby face wrinkling with amusement.───李玉亭的話(huà)不得不又半途停止； 他聽(tīng)得趙伯韜一聲干笑，又看見(jiàn)他仰臉噴一口雪茄煙，他那三角臉上浮胖胖的肌肉輕輕一下跳動(dòng)。

69 、It is therefore very important to research the non-uniform deformation behaviors of the deep drawing process of tailor-welded square boxes, such as flange wrinkling and the movement of weld seams.───因此對拼焊板方盒件拉深過(guò)程中非均勻變形的研究是非常重要的，比如法蘭區起皺和焊縫的移動(dòng)等。

70 、It contains collagen and leaves skin feeling smooth with elasticity, and prevent and remove neck wrinkling.───本品為勁部皮膚護理之佳品，不含激素，能收緊頸部皮膚、消除皺紋，同時(shí)還可增白、保濕，使頸部皮膚光滑、細膩。

71 、Formal wear can be packed in the last-minute to reduce wrinkling.───正式場(chǎng)合要穿的服裝刻意在出發(fā)前再打包以減低弄皺的機會(huì )。

72 、Also, as one ages the skin makes less natural oil and this makes the wrinkling more apparent.A moisturiser will help temporarily smooth away some early fine lines.───另外，隨著(zhù)一個(gè)人年齡的增長(cháng)，皮膚分泌的天然油脂會(huì )減少，而這令皺紋更加明顯。

73 、So if I want my wrinkles to go and this says that it is clinically proven to lessen wrinkles, it may not be something I can even see at home.─── 所以如果我想要去皺 而這上面說(shuō) 臨床證明它可以減少皺紋 但可能我在家也看不到效果

74 、Aftertreatment increases weight to puts in order , puts softly in order and able to bear wrinkling putting.───后整理有增重整理、柔軟整理和防縮耐皺整理。

75 、The daffodils which challenge so proudly and splendidly the boisterous March winds are soon shrivelled and defeated, limply wrinkling to remind us of the inevitable ravages of time.───大自然催促生命之花怒放，催促得青春煥發(fā)出激昂奔放之美，但這是一種驟然迸發(fā)的感官美，它迫不及待地急變?yōu)橄募镜臐馄G繁華。

76 、Whatever aging, decrepitude, brokenness, graying, wrinkling, decline of life-force, weakening of the faculties of the various beings in this or that group of beings, that is called aging.───于各種眾生之部類(lèi)，各種眾生之歿、滅、破壞、死、破滅、諸蘊之破壞，遺骸之放棄，此謂之死。

77 、You've been wrinkled and disheveled for two days.─── 你這樣衣衫不整 頭發(fā)蓬亂已經(jīng)兩天了

78 、Keywords numerical simulation;drawbead;wrinkling;inadequate stretch areas;───數值模擬;壓料筋;起皺;未充分拉深;

79 、Keywords plastic buckling;deep drawability;energy method;blankholder force;wrinkling;───塑性屈曲;深沖性能;能量法;壓邊力;起皺;

80 、Keywords ZE10 magnesium alloy;deep drawing;limited drawing ratio;wrinkling;drawability;───ZE10鎂合金;熱拉深;極限拉深比;起皺;拉深性能;

81 、It appears we still have a few wrinkles to iron out.─── 看來(lái)我們還是有些東西要先擺平

82 、I didn't want it to wrinkle, so I brought it in.─── 我不想讓它皺了 所以我就拿來(lái)了

83 、Low elasticity, imparting a hard, smooth texture, makes linen subject to wrinkling.───彈性較低，使得質(zhì)地堅硬光滑，亞麻制品容易起皺紋。

84 、Removal of packet wrapping film wrinkling in the Focke 350 cigarette packer───350包裝機組小包透明紙起皺現象的消除

85 、When bound conditions are known, it can simulate metal flowing and wrinkling process of the noncontact region in sheet metal forming.───在給定邊界條件的情況下，該軟件能模擬板料沖壓成 形過(guò)程中懸空區起皺過(guò)程，能比較準確地預測懸空區金屬的流動(dòng)狀況 。

86 、Study on Wrinkling on Surface of Nature Latex Dipped Products───天然膠乳浸漬制品表面起皺的研究

87 、Treat Wrinkling for Stitching Side Wall of Radial Tire───子午胎胎側壓合打褶問(wèn)題的解決

88 、side wall wrinkling───側壁起皺

89 、Just as there are foods that enhance skin health such as fresh fruits and vegetables there are ones that can harm skin and increase the risk of skin laxity and wrinkling.───就像一些食物可以增強皮膚健康，如新鮮的水果和蔬菜，相對的也會(huì )存在一些食物，可以傷害和增加肌膚老化，讓皮膚松弛和產(chǎn)生皺紋。

twinkling是什么意思？

twinkling英 [?tw??kl??] 美 [?tw??kl??]

n.閃爍; 眨眼間; 詼諧的閃光; 一剎那;

adj.閃爍的，閃亮的，閃耀的;

v.閃爍( twinkle的現在分詞 ) (眼睛) 閃亮; (經(jīng)光照耀而) 閃閃發(fā)光; (舞蹈者的雙腳) 輕快地移動(dòng);

[網(wǎng)絡(luò )]熒熒的; 閃爍的; 瞬間;

[例句]The only motion seemed to be in the glowing, twinkling stars, every bladeof grass was asleep.似乎只有那些閃爍發(fā)光的星星在移動(dòng)，每一片草都熟睡了。[其他]形近詞： ankling crinkling wrinkling

合理選擇煙酰胺產(chǎn)品

含煙酰胺成分的產(chǎn)品很多，在選擇的時(shí)候一看濃度，二看配方和成分搭配。

➠濃度

煙酰胺濃度的選擇是一個(gè)很微妙的判斷， 濃度既不能太高，也不能太低 。一方面足夠的濃度才能保證效果，已經(jīng)有大量的實(shí)驗研究證實(shí)， 在一定的范圍內 煙酰胺 抑制色素的效果隨濃度增加而增強 1；但是另一方面，也要考慮到太高濃度的煙酰胺對皮膚可能造成刺激。

煙酰胺最合適的濃度是多少呢？就我個(gè)人掌握的信息來(lái)說(shuō)， 目前沒(méi)有看到有文獻歸納出最佳的濃度，也沒(méi)有文獻系統地比較不同濃度煙酰胺的效果和刺激 ，只有一些單獨的報道。例如保濕/修復屏障結構2-3和治療特應性皮炎方面4有報道用2%的濃度，淡化色素5-6和治療光老化7-9有報道用5%的濃度。

能夠確定的是， 主流的、正規的研究文章基本都是以5%作為上限濃度 。為什么選擇這個(gè)上限？不知道，我估計可能是基于臨床經(jīng)驗的總結，高于這個(gè)濃度的效果提升不多，但是刺激性會(huì )上升。

綜合考慮以上研究的結果，我個(gè)人認為 確定自己對煙酰胺耐受的話(huà)，煙酰胺的濃度越高越好，排名越前越好 。 用在美白、改善膚色方面 4% 會(huì )穩妥一些，5%是上限 。至于下限就不好說(shuō)，因為廠(chǎng)家不可能自曝其短。大致來(lái)說(shuō)，如果煙酰胺的排名在成分表的十名開(kāi)外，這個(gè)濃度就算是比較低了，效果比較難保證，不值得購買(mǎi)。 假如不確定自己對煙酰胺是否耐受，就從低濃度開(kāi)始用起 。

➠搭配

雖然煙酰胺有多種效果，但 無(wú)論在哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域，它都不是效果最好的，它扮演的角色其實(shí)是輔助其他成分更好地發(fā)揮作用 。當煙酰胺用于美白、改善色素沉著(zhù)的時(shí)候，就更需要和其他成分一起協(xié)同發(fā)揮作用。從作用機理來(lái)說(shuō)，改善色素沉著(zhù)的藥/藥妝成分主要有三條作用途徑10：

1.減少黑素的合成，例如氫醌、熊果苷、曲酸。

2.干擾黑素小體轉運，例如煙酰胺、大豆蛋白。

3.加快角質(zhì)細胞代謝，例如果酸、水楊酸、維A酸。

煙酰胺能干擾黑素小體輸送到角質(zhì)層，但它不能減少黑素的合成；此外，它還有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)讓人很不滿(mǎn)意5-6：第一，用了4-8周以后效果就會(huì )進(jìn)入一個(gè)瓶頸期，再用下去也沒(méi)有明顯改善；第二，效果是可逆的，用了38周之后發(fā)現膚色回到原樣。 所以單獨用煙酰胺來(lái)美白的效果不盡如人意，和黑素抑制劑（如熊果苷/氫醌）協(xié)同使用的時(shí)候，效果才會(huì )更好 。

煙酰胺的搭配還有一個(gè)技術(shù)細節很少會(huì )有人注意到，那就是它和尼泊金酯類(lèi)防腐劑能夠形成配合物。煙酰胺易溶于水，而尼泊金酯類(lèi)防腐劑難溶于水， 兩者共同使用的時(shí)候能夠形成配合物，促進(jìn)尼泊金酯在水相中的溶解 11。這樣做有兩個(gè)好處，一是保證防腐劑在水相中有足夠的濃度，抑制細菌滋生；二是減少防腐劑的透皮吸收，降低對皮膚刺激。所以在設計配方的時(shí)候，可以?xún)?yōu)先考慮采用尼泊金酯的防腐體系。

➠品牌美譽(yù)度

煙酰胺是最后一個(gè)產(chǎn)能轉移到中國的維生素品種，市場(chǎng)競爭較為激烈，市場(chǎng)集中度較低，眾多本土企業(yè)和國外企業(yè)（尤其是龍沙和帝斯曼）正在通過(guò)激烈的競爭，來(lái)進(jìn)行產(chǎn)業(yè)分布的調整。不同廠(chǎng)家生產(chǎn)的煙酰胺，純度肯定不一樣。 品牌美譽(yù)度高的大的公司或者代工廠(chǎng)家能夠拿到純度較高的優(yōu)質(zhì)原料，降低雜質(zhì)的刺激 。不過(guò)原料的水很深，一般的消費者未必能夠了解里面的門(mén)道。

➠產(chǎn)品簡(jiǎn)析

很多產(chǎn)品都有添加煙酰胺，這里只挑幾個(gè)物美價(jià)廉的品牌作為代表來(lái)進(jìn)行分析。

1.OLAY新生塑顏奇跡賦能肌底液

寶潔的技術(shù)底蘊沒(méi)的說(shuō)，玩煙酰胺不是一般的6，從SK-II到OLAY都有它的身影。之所以把這個(gè)拿出來(lái)，是因為產(chǎn)品里面沒(méi)有什么多余的成分，不像新生塑顏金純面霜或者多效修護霜那樣，為了達到即時(shí)可見(jiàn)的效果而加入二氧化鈦、云母或者色素等物質(zhì)。如果想試一試煙酰胺的效果，可以考慮這個(gè)產(chǎn)品。

煙酰胺具體濃度不詳，但是從成分表來(lái)看，排名僅次于水，位居第二位，濃度應該有保障；搭配多肽+3種植物提取物+維生素E+維生素C，兼顧了美白抗氧化修復等等功能，是一個(gè)十全大補的配方，適合熟齡肌膚用。有人認為配方里面的肌醇能夠起到美白/淡化色斑作用，對此我持保留意見(jiàn)，肌醇更多的還是起保濕作用，對炎癥后色素沉著(zhù)沒(méi)有（直接的）抑制作用12。

官方介紹：http://www.olay.com.cn/skin-care-products/olay_regenerist_miracle_boost_youth_pre-essence-40ml

2.貝德瑪賦妍煙酰胺保濕滋潤修護霜（ATODERM PP BAUME）

這個(gè)產(chǎn)品是用高濃度的礦物油和合成酯（聚二甲基硅氧烷）來(lái)滋潤皮膚，用煙酰胺促進(jìn)神經(jīng)酰胺和膽甾醇的合成，修復皮膚屏障，整體配方樸實(shí)無(wú)華，適合干性皮膚。

官方介紹：

https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.5-b.w4011-2674845487.49.HI5tWc&id=16916780136&rn=c0e16a649cc692e936b26800a142c7e2&abbucket=5&skuId=49168940756

3. CeraVeR面部夜間補水保濕乳液（Facial Moisturizing Lotion PM）

煙酰胺能增加皮膚屏障結構中的細胞間脂質(zhì)（特別是神經(jīng)酰胺）的合成，改善屏障功能。所以這個(gè)產(chǎn)品的設計思路是用神經(jīng)酰胺+膽甾醇+脂肪酸修復角質(zhì)屏障結構，用煙酰胺促進(jìn)神經(jīng)酰胺和膽甾醇的合成。

官方介紹：

http://www.cerave.com/our-products-moisturizers-pm-facial-moisturizing-lotion

關(guān)于貝德瑪和CeraVe的這類(lèi)產(chǎn)品，我一直有一個(gè)疑問(wèn)：什么樣的膚質(zhì)才需要重建屏障結構、補充細胞間脂質(zhì)呢？毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)應該是偏敏感的膚質(zhì)。敏感性皮膚用煙酰胺，這樣會(huì )不會(huì )引起皮膚的刺激呢？截止到本文寫(xiě)作日期為止（2017年6月23日），在CeraVe天貓官方旗艦店上并沒(méi)有這款產(chǎn)品出售的信息，客服給出的解釋是該款產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)售完，短期內沒(méi)有上架的通知，可見(jiàn)我的疑問(wèn)并不是沒(méi)有根據的。 敏感性皮膚如果不確定對煙酰胺是否耐受的話(huà)，最好還是不要冒這個(gè)險，用神經(jīng)酰胺、膽甾醇這些成分來(lái)修復角質(zhì)屏障就好了 。

4.肌美鑰妝明膚凝膠

這是我開(kāi)發(fā)的產(chǎn)品，以煙酰胺（4%）+α-熊果苷（2%）作為核心美白成分，一頭一尾分別搭配具有活血化瘀作用的玫瑰花水和具有美白作用的維生素C。這個(gè)組合兼顧了淡化黑色素通路中的三條途徑，濃度也是經(jīng)過(guò)慎重的考慮，力求在保證安全性的前提下，盡可能地增強效果。

保濕用的是經(jīng)典的甘油和透明質(zhì)酸鈉，有些人覺(jué)得會(huì )覺(jué)得有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)粘膩，如果是后續要用防曬霜或者隔離霜之類(lèi)的含粉產(chǎn)品，還可能出現搓泥的現象，這是由凝膠的質(zhì)地所決定的。所以后續使用的時(shí)候盡量避免用含粉產(chǎn)品，或者把它放到晚上用。防腐劑使用水溶性的苯氧乙醇和油溶性的羥苯甲酯，保證水相和油相中的都能夠有效抑制細菌。

官方介紹：

https://weidian.com/item.html?itemID=1880074921

參考文獻

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3. Draelos ZD, Ertel K, Berge C, Amburgey M. Niacinamide-containing facialmoisturizer improves skin barrier and benefts subjects with rosacea. CUTIS–NewYork 2005;76(2):135.

4. Soma Y, Kashima M, Imaizumi A, et al. Moisturizing effects of topicalnicotinamide on atopic dry skin. Int J Dermatol, 2005, 44:197-202.

5. Greatens A, Hakozaki T, Koshoffer A et al. Effective inhibition ofmelanosome transfer to keratinocytes by lectins and niacinamide is reversible.Exp Dermatol 2005;14(7):498–508.

6. Hakozaki T, Minwalla L, Zhuang J, et al. The effect of niacinamide onreducing cutaneous pigmentation and suppression of melanosome transfer. Br JDermatol, 2002, 147: 20-31.

7. Bissett DL, Miyamoto K, Sun P, Li J, Berge CA. Topical niacinamidereduces yellowing, wrinkling, red blotchiness, and hyperpigmented spots inaging facial skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2004;26(5):231–238

8. Bissett DL, Oblong JE, Berge CA. Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improvesaging facial skin appearance. Dermatol Surg, 2005, 31(7Pt 2): 860-865.

9. Damian DL, Clare RS, Michael S, et al. UV radiation-induced immunosuppressionis greater in men and prevented by topical nicotinamide. J Invest Dermatol, 2008,128(2):447-454.

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11. Sara N. Franca Z. Stefania B. et al. Association of nicotinamide withparabens Effect on solubility, partition and transdermal permeation. European JPharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2008,69(2):613-621

12.煙酰胺對Toll樣受體介導的炎癥后色素沉著(zhù)的研究_陳琴怡