1、frankly speaking

frankly speaking發(fā)音

英：　　美：

frankly speaking中文意思翻譯

常用釋義：坦白地說(shuō)：表示說(shuō)話(huà)人將要說(shuō)出真實(shí)的想法或情況

adv.坦白地說(shuō); 打開(kāi)天窗說(shuō)亮話(huà)

frankly speaking雙語(yǔ)使用場(chǎng)景

1、Frankly speaking, three. If your company employs me, it will be my fourth.───坦白地說(shuō), 三個(gè). 如果我被貴公司錄取, 這將是我第四份工作.

2、Frankly speaking, your artwork has no aesthetic value.───坦白地說(shuō), 你的作品沒(méi)有任何藝術(shù)價(jià)值.

3、Frankly speaking, I just want to make it clear that I am personally offended that someone would make a silly superhero movie. That's unacceptable.───說(shuō)真的，我只想說(shuō)清楚，我個(gè)人極度反感某人制作一部愚蠢的超級英雄**的行為。那是無(wú)法容忍的。

4、They are, frankly speaking, the best children I have ever seen.───說(shuō)實(shí)在的, 我還沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這么好的孩子呢.

5、Frankly speaking , It'scared me and Ben with chilly perspiration.───說(shuō)實(shí)在的, 這件事把我和周航都嚇出了一身冷汗.

6、Frankly speaking, he is not so bad as you might think.───坦白講, 他沒(méi)有你想像中的壞.

7、Frankly speaking, I've got an admission notification from Stanford University.───坦白說(shuō), 我已經(jīng)拿到了斯坦福大學(xué)的錄取通知.

8、Frankly speaking, the third world people have already see through you!───老實(shí)說(shuō), 第三世界人民己經(jīng)看透你們了!

9、Frankly speaking, I have never experienced gamblings before.───坦白說(shuō), 我從來(lái)沒(méi)有賭博的經(jīng)驗.

10、Ella : Oh , there is a mysterious gift in your drawer, frankly speaking, whose?───對了, 你抽屜有份神秘禮物, 老實(shí)說(shuō), 誰(shuí)送的?

11、Frankly speaking, that's not good enough.───坦率地講, 這還不夠.

12、Frankly speaking, as a normal member in the company, I deeply feel proud for that.───簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō), 作為公司的一名普通員工, 我深感自豪.

13、Frankly speaking, we dislike this film.───說(shuō)真的, 我不喜歡這部**.

14、Frankly speaking, it is difficult for me to make out what he is saying.───坦率地說(shuō), 理解他正在說(shuō)的事情是很困難的.

15、Frankly speaking, I understand why Europeans are so concerned about the rapid development of a big country like China.───坦率地講，我非常理解歐洲人對中國這樣一個(gè)大國的快速發(fā)展的擔憂(yōu)。

16、Frankly speaking, the research on public interest action is very weak.───應當說(shuō), 學(xué)界對公益訴訟的研究還是很薄弱的.

17、Frankly speaking, andy is more of an angler theoretically than practically.───老實(shí)說(shuō), 安迪是個(gè)理論勝于實(shí)際的垂釣者.

18、Frankly speaking, I am not too keen on this meal either.───坦白的講, 我也不是很喜歡.

19、Frankly speaking, he hasn't got a chance.───坦率地說(shuō)，他沒(méi)有獲得機會(huì )。

20、Frankly speaking, I don't like the job.───坦率地說(shuō), 我不喜歡這份工作.

21、Frankly speaking, one of your competitors has offered us a price 20 % lower than yours.───坦白說(shuō), 你們的同行之一給我們的價(jià)格,比你們的要低上20%.

22、Frankly speaking, I don't quite agree with them.───坦白地說(shuō), 我不完全同意他們.

23、Frankly speaking , I think that learning English is pointless.───坦率地說(shuō), 學(xué)英語(yǔ)沒(méi)什么用.

24、Frankly speaking, the current partial shell price expensive, is not the best time answer , as shell.───老實(shí)說(shuō), 現在的殼價(jià)偏貴了, 不是買(mǎi)殼的最佳時(shí)機.

25、Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.───坦率地說(shuō), 我不反對改革.

26、Frankly speaking, today's students are really leading a hard life.───說(shuō)實(shí)在的, 現在的學(xué)生真的是很辛苦.

27、Frankly speaking, you are right.───坦白地說(shuō), 你是正確的.

28、Frankly speaking, he speaks very little English.───老實(shí)說(shuō), 他很少說(shuō)英語(yǔ).

29、Frankly speaking, I only play computer day and night.───坦白的說(shuō), 我只是在家里日夜不停的玩電腦.

30、But, frankly speaking, I read cartoons every night.───但是, 說(shuō)實(shí)在的, 我每天晚上看卡通.

31、Frankly speaking, the maximum discount we can grant is 5 percent.───坦率說(shuō)吧, 我們至多給5%的折扣.

32、Frankly speaking, I don't feel like i am acting the role of a school student.───老實(shí)說(shuō), 我不象是在演一個(gè)高中生的角色.

33、Frankly speaking, I cannot uphold such conduct.───坦白地說(shuō), 我不能支持這樣的行為.

frankly speaking相似詞語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)

1、early spring───早春

2、plain speaking───說(shuō)得清楚；講話(huà)直率

3、choral speaking───（詩(shī)歌等的）集體朗誦

4、German-speaking───德語(yǔ)

5、forspeaking───抵消

6、forespeaking───vt.預約；預測

7、French-speaking───講法語(yǔ)

2、高二英語(yǔ)必修四知識點(diǎn)

知識掌握的巔峰，應該在一輪復習之后，也就是在你把所有知識重新?lián)炱饋?lái)之后。這樣看來(lái)，應對高二這一變化的較優(yōu)選擇，下面給大家帶來(lái)一些關(guān)于 高二英語(yǔ) 必修四知識點(diǎn)，希望對大家有所幫助。

高二英語(yǔ)必修四知識點(diǎn)1

1. amuse

「課文原句」Parks provide people with a place to amuse themselves and to escape their busy lives for a while. (P33)

「名師點(diǎn)撥」amuse vt. 意為“使高興;使開(kāi)心”，和please(取悅于;讓……高興)是 近義詞 。amuse oneself意為“自?shī)首詷?lè );消遣”。amuse的名詞形式是amusement.如：I think it amuses him to see people make fools of themselves. I bought a magazine to amuse myself while I was on the train. They are more than amusement parks with rides， such as a Ferris wheel， merry-go-round or a roller coaster. (P33)

Carl came last in the race， much to my amusement.「知識拓展」amused adj. 意為“逗樂(lè )的;覺(jué)得好笑的”，常用be amused (at / by sth)，指“覺(jué)得有趣;好笑;以……為樂(lè )”。如：She was very amused by / at your comments. Amused by the flying kites， the child stopped crying.

2. various

「課文原句」Though parks share this basic purpose， they find various ways to meet this need. (P33)

「名師點(diǎn)撥」various adj. 意為“不同的;各種各樣的”，相當于different kinds of，后接復數名詞。如：At the meeting， the people present expressed their various opinions. The students were late for various reasons.「知識拓展」various是由動(dòng)詞vary(變化)派生而來(lái)的形容詞，它的副詞形式是variously.variety是名詞，意為“有變化”，用a variety of表示“各種各樣的;多種多樣的”，后接復數名詞，可與various互用。如：These new parks have a variety of things to see and do. (P33)

3. charge

「課文原句」They all charge money for admission， and for the rides and shows in the park. (P33)

「名師點(diǎn)撥」charge通常作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“收(費);索(價(jià))”，此時(shí)charge后接賓語(yǔ)(被收費的對象)和錢(qián)數;如果接購買(mǎi)的商品或 其它 原因，用for連接。如：I‘ll charge you five dollars. How much do you charge for a haircut?

charge還可以表示“把……歸咎于(to， on， upon);告發(fā);在控告(with)”。如：Bob was charged with the murder， but he refused to admit it.

「知識拓展」charge作名詞時(shí)，構成許多固定搭配：in charge(主管);in charge of(負責某事);in the charge of(由……管);take charge of(負責管理)。如：The doctor in charge told us to be calm. Who is in charge of the school instead of Mr Black?

The factory has been in the charge of the new boss for five months. Can you take charge of this class please， Miss Li?

4. profit

「課文原句」The big companies that own them parks except to make a profit not just by the charges for admission… (P33)

「名師點(diǎn)撥」profit n.意為“利潤;經(jīng)濟上的好處”，既可數也不可數，用作復數的場(chǎng)合較多;也可譯為“好處;益處(不可數)”。make a profit指“獲得利潤”。如：Tom said he would give up his profits if there were no explanations to give him. She makes a big profit from selling waste material to textile companies.「知識拓展」profit也可作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞，profit by意為“從……中得到好處”。如：You must make it clear what it will profit me. You may profit by the experience of others.

5. advance

「課文原句」… and there are future parks， where people can go on imaginary trips to space and use advanced computer techniques to experience life in the future. (P34)

「名師點(diǎn)撥」advanced adj. 意為“高級的;先進(jìn)的”，其動(dòng)詞形式是advance，可作及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“推進(jìn);促進(jìn);提前”。如：The Party Committee is going to advance our career to a new stage. (及物動(dòng)詞)

The date of the meeting has been advanced from Friday to Monday. (及物動(dòng)詞)

After having studied abroad for three years， they didn‘t advance in knowledge at all. (不及物動(dòng)詞)

高二英語(yǔ)必修四知識點(diǎn)2

過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)

Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..

Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.

過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況，其等同于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。vt過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)與主句主語(yǔ)構成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)和完成，vi過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的完成。

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.

1作原因狀語(yǔ)，等于as/since/because引導從句

Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…

2作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，等于when引導時(shí)間從句，如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，可在分詞前加when/while/until等使時(shí)間意義更明確。

Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.

Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…

3作條件狀語(yǔ)等于if/whether引導從句

Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….

Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…

4作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)

Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.

Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.

5作讓步狀語(yǔ)

Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….

6獨立主格結構：當分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是主句主語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞可以有自己獨立的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種結構稱(chēng)為獨立主格結構。常用來(lái)表示伴隨情況。

Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.

Rewritewithproperconjunctions

Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.

1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.

→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…

2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.

→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…

3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

Ifweweregivenmoretime,

4OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.

OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,

5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.

Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,

6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.

Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,

現在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)

現在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，;而過(guò)去分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.(see)

選擇現在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語(yǔ)。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，分詞就選用現在分詞，反之就用過(guò)去分詞。例如：

Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.

由于用了很長(cháng)時(shí)間，這本書(shū)看上去很舊。

Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.

在使用的過(guò)程中，我發(fā)現這本書(shū)很有用

注意:1.系表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)

_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)

______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)

belostin

bedressedin

beinterestedin

bedevotedto

besupposedto?becaughtintherain

beseatedin

bepreparedfor

bedeterminedto

2.不與主語(yǔ)保持一致的固定結構

generallyspeaking一般說(shuō)來(lái)

strictly/franklyspeaking嚴格地說(shuō)/坦白地說(shuō)

judgingfrom從…判斷

allthingsconsidered從整體來(lái)看

takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看來(lái)

例如：Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。

Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，狗比豬跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的動(dòng)作)

Practice

1.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.

buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexamine

1________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.

2Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.

3Afterhavingbeen_________carefully,theroomwaslockedagain.

4.______in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.

5_____fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.

6If_____inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.

7Although______intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.

練習

1____time,hewillmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.

AHavinggivenBTogiveCGivingDGiven

2___in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

ABeingfoundedBItwasfounded

CFoundedDFounding

3Unless__tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.

AinvitedBinviting

CbeinginvitedDhavinginvited

4___,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.

AHehadbeentoldmanytimes

BHavingbeentoldmanytimes

CToldmanytimes

DAlthoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes

5Whenfirst___tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.

AintroducingBintroduced

CintroduceDbeingintroduced

6Thereseemedtobenothing___todobut___forthedoctor.

Aleave/sendBleft/tosend

Cleft/sendDleaving/send

作介詞but,expect,besides的賓語(yǔ)，前面又有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，不定式通常省去to

7____everywhere,thewolveshadnowhere___themselves.

AHunting/hidingBTohunt/tohide

CHunted/hidingDHunted/tohide

8.The___morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,___byhisnaughtyboy.

A.following,followingB.followed,followed

C.following,followedD.followed,following

9.Mrs.Whitewasgladtoseethenurse___afterhersonandwaspleasedtoseetheboywell___careofinthenursery.

A.looked;takenB.looking;taken

C.looked;tookD.looking;taking

10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.

A.beingtiedB.havingtied

C.tobetiedD.tied

11.___moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.

A.GivenB.Togive

C.GivingD.Havinggiven

高二英語(yǔ)必修四知識點(diǎn)3

1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構成和語(yǔ)法功能及用法對比。

2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成式、被動(dòng)式的用法和特點(diǎn)。

3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的復合結構及否定形式。

4.不定式與動(dòng)名詞，動(dòng)名詞與現在分詞，現在分詞與過(guò)去分詞，分詞作狀語(yǔ)與獨立結構等用法對比。

5.不定式和動(dòng)名詞在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)的區別是考查的 熱點(diǎn) 。

6.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，不定式和分詞作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)的用法。

7.不定式標志to和介詞to的用法判斷等。

8.帶to與不帶to的不定式的用法及區別。

考點(diǎn)一、考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的識別

英語(yǔ) 句子 至少應該包括主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)兩部分, 而多數情況下謂語(yǔ)都由動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當。如果對句子成分劃分不清，把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞混淆, 做題效果可想而知。要克服這一毛病，關(guān)鍵在于正確判斷、識別動(dòng)詞在句中是否充當謂語(yǔ)。如：

1. The children (play) _____ the violin over there will go on the stage next week.

根據句子結構，我們可以看出這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。主語(yǔ)是The children，謂語(yǔ)部分是will go on the stage，動(dòng)詞play顯然在句中不作謂語(yǔ)，應用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。依據play與它的邏輯主語(yǔ)children之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系以及拉小提琴動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，可以判斷用現在分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾children，意為“正在那邊拉小提琴的小孩”，因而正確答案為playing。

考點(diǎn)二、考查作狀語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析

作狀語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要考查其各種形式的辨析，即是選擇動(dòng)詞不定式、現在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ), 不同的狀語(yǔ)對非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的要求不同。 動(dòng)詞不定式主要作目的、結果和原因狀語(yǔ);現在分詞和過(guò)去分詞主要作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式和伴隨狀語(yǔ)，兩者不同之處在于：現在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現在分詞的動(dòng)作就是句子主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作,即它的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)，它們之間的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，而過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，雖然它的邏輯主語(yǔ)也是句子的主語(yǔ)，但過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作是句子主語(yǔ)承受的動(dòng)作，它們之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。請看下面例題：

1.____tired of Tom’s all-talk-no-action attitude, Julia decided to do the job all by herself.

A) To get B) To have got

C) Getting D) Have got

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在句子中沒(méi)有連接詞的情況下, 逗號是無(wú)力連接兩個(gè)句子的。據此，首先可以確定 這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 短語(yǔ) 放在句首作狀語(yǔ)。依據非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)get tired of與其邏輯主語(yǔ)Julia之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，以及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，沒(méi)有明顯的先后順序，可以斷定應用現在分詞一般式作原因狀語(yǔ),即“由于厭倦了Tom只說(shuō)不做的工作態(tài)度”，故正確答案為C。

考點(diǎn)三、考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯主語(yǔ)的分辨

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖然在句中不作謂語(yǔ)，但仍然有自己邏輯上的主語(yǔ)。歷年各種考試的重點(diǎn)在于正確分辨非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是什么，兩者之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，特別是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候。我們知道，當非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在句首作狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)，那么，當它的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，又會(huì )出現什么現象呢?請看下面例題：

1. The last bus (go)____, we had to walk home.

2. Weather (permit)____, the spaceship will be launched tomorrow evening.

這兩個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)都不是句子的主語(yǔ)，而是分別有它自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，即“是 末班車(chē)開(kāi)走了，而不是我們走了”,“是天氣允許,而不是飛船允許”，這種現象或結構就是獨立主格結構。依據非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,正確答案分別為having gone和permitting。

請再看下面例題：

3. The work (finish) _____, they may go home.

4. The problem (discuss) _____ at the meeting- room now, the workers had to wait outdoors.

同樣，這兩道題的結構也是獨立主格結構。依據非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間性，可以判斷正確答案分別為finished(已完成)和being discussed(正在進(jìn)行)。

考點(diǎn)四、考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)的把握

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖然在句中不作謂語(yǔ)，但它仍然具有動(dòng)詞的特征，即可以有自己的主語(yǔ)(邏輯主語(yǔ)),也可以有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式都是依據句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式而變化的。一般情況下，如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或之后發(fā)生, 就用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一般式或進(jìn)行式(側重強調動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行);如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，就用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成式(特別強調動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)在于正確把握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。例如：

____ that Bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him.

A) Heard B) Having heard

C) Hear D) To hear

依據非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hear與其邏輯主語(yǔ)his friends之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，以及前后句的邏輯關(guān)系，可以斷定用現在分詞形式來(lái)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，再根據現在分詞的動(dòng)作“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”發(fā)生在主要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“來(lái)”之前，由此判斷應該用現在分詞的完成式(只用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)使用)，意為“聽(tīng)說(shuō)Bob已得到提升，他的朋友都來(lái)向他表示祝賀”，故正確答案為B。

考點(diǎn)五、考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)句式的轉變

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞)作主語(yǔ)主要考查其句式的轉變，習慣上通常把it作為形式主語(yǔ)放在句首，作題時(shí)要善于分辨這種形式上的轉變。請看下面例題：

1. It is an honour for me (be) _____ your English teacher.

2. It is no use of us (wait) _____ at home like this.

根據對句式的分析，可以判斷出It是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)由非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞)來(lái)充當。依據表語(yǔ)的特性以及句式的特點(diǎn),我們可以斷定第1題應該填動(dòng)詞不定式，即to be，第2題應該填動(dòng)名詞，即waiting。

六、考查作定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的判斷

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)主要考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)的情況，這里關(guān)鍵要把握住非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)行為還是被動(dòng)行為,以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間性，即是正在進(jìn)行或已經(jīng)完成還是將要發(fā)生。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，用現在分詞一般式作定語(yǔ)往往表示動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)行為且正在進(jìn)行當中，如果動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)行為且正在進(jìn)行當中，就用現在分詞一般式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)往往表示動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)行為且已經(jīng)完成; 用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如果是被動(dòng)行為，就用動(dòng)詞不定式一般式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 例如：

1. The boy (cry)____ over there is my younger brother.

依據cry與它的邏輯主語(yǔ)The boy之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系和cry的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，所以用現在分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾boy，因而正確答案為crying。

精選試題 名校模擬題及其答案

1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______a good college.

A. enter。mB. to enter

C. entering。mD. entered

2He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.

A. to hope。mB. hope

C. hoping。mD. hoped

3.He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.

A. practise。mB. to practise

C. practising。mD. practised

4.Before going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral English.

A. improve。mB. to improve

C. improvingD. to improving

5. He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.

高二英語(yǔ)必修四知識點(diǎn)4

一、不定式做主語(yǔ)：

1、不定式做主語(yǔ)一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。===動(dòng)名詞doing 表示習慣的，經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作。

e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.

To do such things is foolish.

To see is to believe. (對等)

注: 1). 不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數

2). 當主語(yǔ)較長(cháng)，謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，而將不定式放到謂語(yǔ)的后面。

it做形式主語(yǔ)，不定式放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后常用于下列結構中：

(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…

(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…

It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary

(3) it is +a +名詞+ to do...

It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do

It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…

It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…

-注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表語(yǔ)，但possible可以用不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)， 而probable不能用不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。

It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(錯)

It is possible for him to come to the meeting.

It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.

二、不定式做表語(yǔ)

主語(yǔ)是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等為中心詞的名詞詞組 或以 what 引導的名詞性從句表示，后面的不定式說(shuō)明其內容, 不定式作表語(yǔ)常表示將來(lái)或現在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.

Your mistake was not to write that letter.

What I would suggest is to start work at once.

三 、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)

以不定式結構為賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：

ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)

口訣(接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞)

想要學(xué)習 早打算( want learn plan)

快準備 有希望( prepare hope wish expect)

同意否 供選擇(agree offer choose)

決定了 已答應(decide be determined promise)

盡力去 著(zhù)手做(manage undertake)

別拒絕 別假裝(refuse pretend)

失敗不是屬于你(fail)

e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.

We hope to get there before dark.

The girl decided to do it herself.

-注意:某些及物動(dòng)詞可用-ing也可用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)但意義不同的有

stop go on remember forget

regret try mean can’t help

be used to

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