1、settlers

settlers發(fā)音

英：　　美：

settlers中文意思翻譯

常用釋義：移居者

n.移居者（settler的復數形式）；居住者；移民，僑民

settlers雙語(yǔ)使用場(chǎng)景

1、Settlers in other colonies shared the same basic ideals as the Puritans, although they did not always establish publicly-funded schools.───其它殖民地的居民與清教徒具有共同的基本理念，雖然他們并非都設立公立學(xué)校。

2、Settlers in both new territories would have the right to decide the question of slavery.───兩個(gè)轄區內的公民有權決定奴隸問(wèn)題。

3、As time went on, many of these first settlers settled down and began to farm and domesticate animals.───隨著(zhù)時(shí)間的推移，這些第一批移民的大多數定居下來(lái)，開(kāi)始農耕和馴養動(dòng)物。

4、She did go on to save his life once, when Powhatan Indians wanted his head, which was how she earned the respect of the settlers.───她的確救過(guò)他，在波瓦坦印第安人想取其首級時(shí)，這也為她贏(yíng)得了殖民者的尊敬。

5、When tourism was more limited, fishing by settlers from the mainland was the main threat.───當旅游受到限制后，從大陸遷移過(guò)來(lái)的居民的捕魚(yú)活動(dòng)又成了主要威脅。

6、He said there was a time when he and settlers of Kiryat Arba got along well.───他說(shuō)，曾有一段時(shí)間，他和基亞特·阿巴定居點(diǎn)的居民相處得很好。

7、They are descendants of the original English and Scottish settlers.───他們是最初的英格蘭和蘇格蘭移民的后裔。

8、Many of them are descendants of the original settlers.───他們中許多人都是早期移民的后裔。

9、The town was founded by English settlers in 1790.───這座城鎮是英格蘭移民于1790年建立的。

settlers相似詞語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)

1、settlors───n.財產(chǎn)授與者

2、fettlers───n.修理工；清理工；保養工

3、setters───n.雪達犬

4、shuttlers───羽毛球運動(dòng)員

5、scuttlers───舷窗

6、battlers───n.戰斗者；勇士；n.(Battler)人名；(羅)巴特勒爾

7、settles───安排；解決；沉淀；下線(xiàn)（settle的第三人稱(chēng)單數）

8、settler───n.移居者；殖民者；n.(Settler)人名；(德)澤特勒

9、nettlers───web瀏覽器

2、英國歷史簡(jiǎn)介

英國歷史簡(jiǎn)介

　英國的起源（公元前5000年—1066年）

　The Origins of a Nation （5000BC——1066）

　I.Early Settlers （5000BC——55BC）

　早期的居民（公元前5000年—公元前55年）

　1.The first known settlers of Britain were the Iberians.

　人們所知的英國最早居民是伊比利來(lái)人。

　2. At about 2000 BC the Beaker Folk arrived from the areas now know as Holland and Rhineland.

　約公元前2000年，從現在的荷蘭和萊茵蘭地區來(lái)了寬口陶器人。

　3. The Celts began to arrive Britain about 700 BC.

　約公元前700年，克爾特人來(lái)到不列顛島。

　4. The Celts came to Britain in three main waves.

　克爾特人來(lái)到不列顛有三次 *** 。

　The first wave were the Gaels——came about 600 BC.

　第一次 *** 是約公元前600年蓋爾人的來(lái)臨。

　The second wave were the Brythons——came about 400 BC.

　第二次 *** 是約公元前400年布立吞（不列顛）人的抵達。

　The third wave were the Belgae——came about 150 BC.

　第三次是約公元前150年比利其人的到達。

　II. Roman Britain （55BC——410AD）

　羅馬人統治時(shí)期的英國（公元前55年—410年）

　1.British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion. In 55BC and 54BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain successfully. For nearly 400 years, Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never a total occupation.

　有記錄的英國歷史開(kāi)始于羅馬人的入侵。公元前55年和54年，羅馬將軍朱略斯"凱撒兩次入侵英國，均未成功。直到公元43年，克勞鍬才成功占領(lǐng)不列顛。將近四百年里，英國人處于羅馬人的占領(lǐng)下，但這并非是完全的占領(lǐng)。

　2. Roman’s influence on Britain.

　The Roman built many towns, road, baths, temples and buildings. They make good use of Britain’s natural resources. They also brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain.

　羅馬人修建了許多城鎮網(wǎng)，道路，澡堂，廟宇和其他建筑物。他們還很好地利用了英國的自然資源。羅馬人還把基督教這門(mén)新宗教帶到不列顛。

　3.Reasons for limited Roman influence on Britain.   羅馬對不列顛的影響有限的原因。

　First, the Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class. Second, never during the 4 centuries did the Romans and Britons intermarry. Third, the Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.

　首先，羅馬人把不列顛人當作奴隸階段的屬民來(lái)對待。其次，在四世紀對羅馬人和不列顛人通婚。最后，羅馬人也未影響普通不列顛人的語(yǔ)言和文化。

　Summary: This is the second part of Chapter 2 （The Origins of a Nation）。 It introduced some important events and important people in England from 446 to 1066. These most important events are The Anglos——Saxons’ invasion; The Viking and Danish Invasions and The Norman Conquest.

?。ê?jiǎn)要：這是第二章“國家的起源”的第二部分。在這一部分里，主要是介紹了英國從公元446年到1066年所發(fā)生的重要事件及人物。這些重要事件分別是盎格魯—撒克遜人的入侵，北歐海盜和丹麥人的入侵及諾曼征服）。

　III. The Anglo——Saxons （446——871）   盎格魯—撒克遜人（公元446—871年）

　1. Basis of Modern English race: the Anglo——Saxons.

　盎格魯—薩克遜時(shí)代（奠定了英國的基礎）

　In the mid——5th century a new wave of invaders, Jutes, Saxons, and Angles came to Britain. They were three Teutonic tribes.

　The Jutes, who fished and farmed in Jutland, came to Britain first. A Jutish chief became the King of Kent in 449. Then the Saxons, users of the short——sword from northern Germany, established their kingdom in Essex, Sussex and Wessex from the end of the 5th century to the beginning of the 6th century. In the second half of the 6th century. In the second half of the 6th century, the Angles, who also came from northern Germany and were to give their name to the English people, settled in East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria. These seven principal kingdoms of Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria have been given the name of Heptarchy.

　五世紀中葉，朱特人、撒克遜人和盎格魯人不斷入侵不列顛。這是三支日耳曼（條頓）部落。

　居住在朱特蘭島（現丹麥南部）上從事打漁農耕的朱特人先抵不列顛。后來(lái)從德國北部來(lái)的使用短劍的撒克遜人在埃撒克斯、蘇塞克斯和威塞克斯建立了王國，統治期從五世紀末至六世紀初。六世紀后半葉，同樣來(lái)自德國北部的盎格魯人，在東盎格利亞、麥西亞以及諾森伯利來(lái)定居，同時(shí)也他們也把名字給了英國人。這七個(gè)主要王國（肯特、埃塞克斯、蘇塞克斯、威塞克斯、東盎格利亞、麥西亞和諾森伯利亞），合稱(chēng)為七王國。

　2.The early Anglo——Saxons converted to Christianity.

　最早的盎格魯—撒克遜人改信基督教。

　The Anglo——Saxons brought their own Teutonic religion to Britain. Christianity soon disappeared, except among the Celts of Cornwall, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. In 597, Pope Gregory I sent St. Augustine, the Prior of St. Andrew’s Monastery in Rome, to England to convert the heathen English to Christianity. In 579 St. Augustine became the first Archbishop of Canterbury. He was remarkably successful in converting the king and the nobility, but the conversion of the common people was largely due to the missionary activities of the monks in the north.

　盎格魯—撒克遜人把日耳曼宗教帶到了英國。除了康瓦爾、威爾士、蘇格蘭和愛(ài)爾蘭中的克爾特人還信奉基督教外，基督教很快就消失了。公元597,教皇格里高一世把羅馬圣安德魯修道院的副院長(cháng)圣奧古斯丁派遣到英格蘭，其使命是使異教徒的英國人皈依基督教。公元579年圣奧古丁成為坎特伯雷大主教。在使國王和貴族皈依基督教方面，奧古斯丁特別成功。但是普通人的皈依很大程度上歸功于北部修士們的傳教活動(dòng)。

　3.The Early Anglo——Saxons make the contributions to the English state.

　早期盎格魯—撒克遜人為英國做出的貢獻。

　The Anglo——Saxons laid the foundations of the English state. Firstly, they divided the country into shires, with shire courts and shire reeves, or sheriffs, responsible for administering law. Secondly, they devised the narrow——strip, three——field farming system which continued to the 18th century. Thirdly, they also established the manorial system. Finally, they created the Witan（council or meeting of the wisemen） to advise the king, the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.

　盎格魯—撒克遜人為英國國家的形成打下了基礎。首先，他們把國家劃分為郡，郡法庭和郡法官、或行政司法長(cháng)官負責執法。其次，他們設計的窄條三圃田農耕制延用至18世紀。此外，他們還建立了領(lǐng)地制。最后，他們還創(chuàng )立了議會(huì )（賢人會(huì )議），向國王提供建議，這就成為了今天仍存在的樞密院的基礎。

　IV.Viking and Danish invasions  北歐海盜和丹麥人的入侵

　1.The invaders were the Norwegians and the Danes. They attacked various parts of England from the end of the 8th century. They became a serious problem in the 9th century, especially between 835 and 878. They even managed to capture York, an important center of Christianity in 867. By the middle of 9th century, the Viking and the Danes were posing a threat to the Saxon kingdom of Wessex.

　入侵者是挪威人和丹麥人，從8世紀末開(kāi)始，他們不斷襲擊英格蘭的各個(gè)地方。9世紀，尤其是公元835——878年間已成為嚴重問(wèn)題。他們甚至占領(lǐng)了約克郡，公元867年時(shí)的基督教中心。到9世紀中葉，北歐海盜和丹麥人威脅到撒克遜人的威撒克斯王國的安全。

　2.King Alfred （849——899） and his contributions

　艾爾弗雷德國王（849——899）和他所做出的貢獻

　Alfred was a king of Wessex. He defeated the Danes and reached a friendly agreement with them in 879. The Danes gained control of the north and east, while he ruled the rest. He also converted some leading Danes into Christians.

　He founded a strong fleet and is known as “ the father of the British navy”。 He reorganized the Saxon army, making it more efficient. He translated a Latin book into English. He also established schools and formulated a legal system. All this earns him the title “Alfred the Great.”

　阿爾弗雷德是威塞克斯的國王。他打敗了丹麥人，并于公元879年與他們達成了友好協(xié)議。協(xié)議規定丹麥人控制英格蘭北部和西部（丹麥法區），而他統治其他地區。他還勸服一些丹麥首領(lǐng)成為基督教徒。

　他因為建立了強大艦隊，而以“英國海軍之父”聞名于世。他改組了“弗立德”（撒克遜軍隊），使之更為高效。他將一本拉丁語(yǔ)的書(shū)翻譯成英語(yǔ)。同時(shí)他還建立了學(xué)校，并且闡明了法律制度。所有這一切使他當之無(wú)愧于“阿爾弗雷德大帝”的稱(chēng)號。

　V.The Norman Conquest （1066） 諾曼征服（公元1066年）

　1.Reasons for William’s invasion of England after Edward’s death.

　威廉在愛(ài)德華死后入侵英國的原因。

　It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William, but the Witan chose Harold as king. So William led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings, William defeated Harold and killed him. One Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England, thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.

　據說(shuō)，愛(ài)德 *** 王曾答應把英格蘭王位傳給諾曼底公爵威廉，但是賢人會(huì )議挑選了哈羅德為國王。公元1066年10月，在哈斯丁斯附近的激烈交鋒中，威廉打敗了哈羅德軍隊，同時(shí)哈羅德也在此戰爭中戰死。

　2.The Norman Conquest and its consequences

　諾曼征服及其產(chǎn)生的影響。

　The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best——known event in English history. William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England. Relations with the Continent were opened, and the civilization and commerce were extended. Norman——French culture, language, manners and architecture were introduced. The Church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civil courts.

　1066年的諾曼征服也許是英國歷史上的最著(zhù)名事件。征服者威廉幾乎沒(méi)收了所有土地，將其分發(fā)給他的諾曼追隨者。他用強有力的諾曼 *** 代替了軟弱的薩克遜 *** 。于是，封建制度在英國完全建立。開(kāi)放了與歐洲大陸的關(guān)系，文明和商業(yè)得到發(fā)展，引進(jìn)了諾曼—法國文化、語(yǔ)言、舉止和建筑。教會(huì )與羅馬的聯(lián)系更為密切，教會(huì )法庭與世俗法庭分離。

　3.The English is a mixture of nationalities of different origins. The ancestors of many English people were the ancient Angles and Saxons. Some English people are of the Norman——French origin.

　英國是一個(gè)集不同民族于一體的國家。許多英國人的祖先是古盎格魯和撒克遜人。而還有一些英國人的是諾曼血統。

 

　This is one of the most difficult parts. In this part, I will introduce some Kings in English history and their reformations. Though we have to remember a lot of things in this part, we also learn more about English history.